The Clinical Application of the Good Behavior Game in Three Elementary Classrooms

The clinical application of a version of the Good Behavior Game (GBG) to reduce disruptive behaviors in 1 fourth grade and 2 fifth grade regular education classrooms is evaluated. A multiple-baseline across classrooms and changing criterion design was utilized

Система электропривода задвижки паропровода

INTRODUCTION: Encephalitis is a rare complication of primary varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection in immunocompetent children. METHODS: The clinical and laboratory findings of two girls with VZV-related encephalitis are reported. RESULTS: Both children presented with focal epileptic seizures, corresponding to cortical/subcortical as well as white matter lesions. The first showed a typical vesicular skin rash. She was easily diagnosed and made a rapid recovery during acyclovir and steroid treatment. In the second girl, a preceding measles-mumps-rubella virus vaccination and the absence of skin vesicles were misleading with respect to the diagnosis, which was finally proven by IgG seroconversion and intrathecal synthesis of IgG antibodies to VZV. She developed left parieto-occipital tissue necrosis and recovered only transiently during initial acyclovir/steroid treatment. Eight weeks after onset, progressive white matter demyelination and the occurrence of erythema nodosum in the lower limbs necessitated a second 4-month course of oral steroids. The VZV PCR from cerebrospinal fluid was negative in both children. CONCLUSIONS: Primary VZV infection may cause severe encephalitis that may occur without skin vesicles and lead to a chronic course with systemic vasculitis. The coincidence of vaccination and neurologic diseases offers no proof per se of a causal relationship

Modelling carrier decisions in an activity-based freight transportation framework: a pickup and delivery selection problem

Abstract This paper focuses on the modelling of carrier decisions within an activity-based freight transportation model. To model freight transport, the different actors who are included in the decision making process have to be represented. One of these actors is the carrier. The decisions of a carrier can be formulated as a selective pickup and delivery problem. The objective is to maximize the profit gained by selecting transport requests. This allows a better representation of the influence of carrier decisions on the logistic module within an activity-based freight transportation model. Local search operators are presented to solve the problem. Keywords: Logistic decisions, Freight transport modelling, PDSP To represent logistic decisions within an activity based freight transportation model, decisions of a carrier have to be modelled. A carrier faces the daily problem of optimally scheduling his transport orders. Each day a carrier receives transport requests from his clients, which have to be executed within a certain time period. To obtain a maximal profit the carrier has to group certain orders and create an optimal sequence of pickup and delivery tasks. The assumption mostly made is that all requests have to be fulfilled. In reality a carrier can refuse a transport order when he believes this order is not profitable. In our activity-based framework In a PDSP not all transportation requests have to be fulfilled. A carrier receives transportation requests and has to decide whether he will take the responsibility of the transport or not. Unknown requests of the future cannot be taken into account when considering the current request. Hence, the PDSP is modelled as a static planning problem. In literature this problem is not often investigated, but several variations on the problem exist. Two main bodies of routing literature are relevant for the PDSP. On the one hand Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP) with profit and on the other hand literature concerning Pickup and Delivery Problems (PDP). Th

Subjective aggression during alcohol and cannabis intoxication before and after aggression exposure

RATIONALE: Alcohol and cannabis use have been implicated in aggression. Alcohol consumption is known to facilitate aggression, whereas a causal link between cannabis and aggression has not been clearly demonstrated.OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the acute effects of alcohol and cannabis on subjective aggression in alcohol and cannabis users, respectively, following aggression exposure. Drug-free controls served as a reference. It was hypothesized that aggression exposure would increase subjective aggression in alcohol users during alcohol intoxication, whereas it was expected to decrease subjective aggression in cannabis users during cannabis intoxication.METHODS: Heavy alcohol (n = 20) and regular cannabis users (n = 21), and controls (n = 20) were included in a mixed factorial study. Alcohol and cannabis users received single doses of alcohol and placebo or cannabis and placebo, respectively. Subjective aggression was assessed before and after aggression exposure consisting of administrations of the point-subtraction aggression paradigm (PSAP) and the single category implicit association test (SC-IAT). Testosterone and cortisol levels in response to alcohol/cannabis treatment and aggression exposure were recorded as secondary outcome measures.RESULTS: Subjective aggression significantly increased following aggression exposure in all groups while being sober. Alcohol intoxication increased subjective aggression whereas cannabis decreased the subjective aggression following aggression exposure. Aggressive responses during the PSAP increased following alcohol and decreased following cannabis relative to placebo. Changes in aggressive feeling or response were not correlated to the neuroendocrine response to treatments.CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that alcohol facilitates feelings of aggression whereas cannabis diminishes aggressive feelings in heavy alcohol and regular cannabis users, respectively.</p

Pickup and delivery selection problem

Abstract This paper focuses on the modelling of carrier decisions within an activity-based freight transportation model. To model freight transport, the different actors who are included in the decision making process have to be represented. One of these actors is the carrier. This paper formulates the decisions of the carrier as a selective pickup and delivery problem. To be able to better represent the influence of carrier decisions on the logistic module within an activity based freight transportation model. The objective is to maximize the profit gained, by selecting transport requests. A local search heuristic is presented to solve the problem. Keywords: Logistic decisions, Freight transport modelling, PDSP To represent logistic decisions within an activity based freight transportation model, decisions of a carrier have to be modelled. A carrier faces the daily problem of optimally scheduling his transport orders. Each day a carrier receives transport requests from his clients, which have to be executed within a certain time period. To obtain a maximal profit the carrier has to group certain orders and create an optimal sequence of pickup and delivery tasks. The assumption mostly made is that all requests have to be fulfilled. In reality a carrier can refuse a transport order, when he believes this order is not profitable. In our activity-based freight framework In a PDSP not all transportation requests have to be fulfilled. A carrier receives transportation requests during the entire day. When new requests are received a decision has to be made, whether the carrier will take the responsibility of the transport or not. Unknown requests of the future cannot be taken into account when considering the current request. Hence, the PDSP is modelled as a static planning problem. In literature this problem is not often investigated, but several variations on the problem exist. Two mai

Tolerance and cross-tolerance to neurocognitive effects of THC and alcohol in heavy cannabis users

and cross-tolerance to neurocognitive effects of THC and alcohol in heavy cannabis user

Lysine 63-Polyubiquitination Guards against Translesion Synthesis–Induced Mutations

Eukaryotic cells possess several mechanisms to protect the integrity of their DNA against damage. These include cell-cycle checkpoints, DNA-repair pathways, and also a distinct DNA damage–tolerance system that allows recovery of replication forks blocked at sites of DNA damage. In both humans and yeast, lesion bypass and restart of DNA synthesis can occur through an error-prone pathway activated following mono-ubiquitination of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a protein found at sites of replication, and recruitment of specialized translesion synthesis polymerases. In yeast, there is evidence for a second, error-free, pathway that requires modification of PCNA with non-proteolytic lysine 63-linked polyubiquitin (K63-polyUb) chains. Here we demonstrate that formation of K63-polyUb chains protects human cells against translesion synthesis–induced mutations by promoting recovery of blocked replication forks through an alternative error-free mechanism. Furthermore, we show that polyubiquitination of PCNA occurs in UV-irradiated human cells. Our findings indicate that K63-polyubiquitination guards against environmental carcinogenesis and contributes to genomic stability

Evaluating the effects of bilingual traffic signs on driver performance and safety

Variable Message Signs (VMS) can provide immediate and relevant information to road users and bilingual VMS can provide great flexibility in countries where a significant proportion of the population speak an alternative language to the majority. The study reported here evaluates the effect of various bilingual VMS configurations on driver behaviour and safety. The aim of the study was to determine whether or not the visual distraction associated with bilingual VMS signs of different configurations (length, complexity) impacted on driving performance. A driving simulator was used to allow full control over the scenarios, road environment and sign configuration and both longitudinal and lateral driver performance was assessed. Drivers were able to read one and two-line monolingual signs and two-line bilingual signs without disruption to their driving behaviour. However, drivers significantly reduced their speed in order to read four-line monolingual and four-line bilingual signs, accompanied by an increase in headway to the vehicle in front. This implies that drivers are possibly reading the irrelevant text on the bilingual sign and various methods for reducing this effect are discussed

INTEGRATING CONSOLIDATION OPTIONS IN A NEW CONCEPTUAL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION FRAMEWORK

ABSTRACT In a growing globalised context and consumption economy freight transport is of crucial importance. Being able to understand the drivers of freight flows makes it possible to forecast freight flows in the future and to calculate the impact of different policies on freight traffic. This will put policymakers in the position to get a better insight in the way the transport of goods comes about. Still, freight demand modelling is lacking behind on the efforts made in passenger transport models. For this the development of a comprehensive and reliable freight transport model is essential. In this paper a conceptual freight transportation framework is proposed. Special attention is paid to the different consolidation options of a forwarder