On the Role of Chaos in the AdS/CFT Connection

The question of how infalling matter in a pure state forms a Schwarzschild black hole that appears to be at non-zero temperature is discussed in the context of the AdS/CFT connection. It is argued that the phenomenon of self-thermalization in non-linear (chaotic) systems can be invoked to explain how the boundary theory, initially at zero temperature self thermalizes and acquires a finite temperature. Yang-Mills theory is known to be chaotic (classically) and the imaginary part of the gluon self-energy (damping rate of the gluon plasma) is expected to give the Lyapunov exponent. We explain how the imaginary part would arise in the corresponding supergravity calculation due to absorption at the horizon of the black hole.Comment: 18 pages. Latex file. Minor changes. Final version to appear in Modern Physics Letters

FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF DILTIAZEM TRANSDERMAL SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION

Present study deals with the formulation and characterization of matrix type transdermal drug delivery system (TDS) of diltiazem hydrochloride for the treatment of hypertension. The TDS was prepared by the solvent evaporation method on a mercury substrate. Ten formulations were prepared which differed in the ratio of matrix forming polymers. Formulations TDS1 to TDS10 were composed of HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and gelatin 10%, w/v in the combination of single polymer, two polymer (1:1) and three polymer in the ratio of 1:1:1, 1:2:1, 2:1:1 and 1:1:2 respectively. All the ten formulations contained 5 % (w/w) of diltiazem hydrochloride, 1 % (v/w) of propylene glycol and 1 % (w/w) of tween 80 (based on total polymer weight). The transdermal drug delivery system characterized for various physicochemical properties such as thickness, moisture content (MC), moisture uptake, water vapor transmission (WVT), folding endurance, drug excipients interaction, drug content and in vitro release study. On the basis physicochemical properties and in vitro release study, formulation TDS8 was found to be better than the other formulations and it was selected as the developed formulation

Selection mechanisms affect volatility in evolving markets

Financial asset markets are sociotechnical systems whose constituent agents are subject to evolutionary pressure as unprofitable agents exit the marketplace and more profitable agents continue to trade assets. Using a population of evolving zero-intelligence agents and a frequent batch auction price-discovery mechanism as substrate, we analyze the role played by evolutionary selection mechanisms in determining macro-observable market statistics. In particular, we show that selection mechanisms incorporating a local fitness-proportionate component are associated with high correlation between a micro, risk-aversion parameter and a commonly-used macro-volatility statistic, while a purely quantile-based selection mechanism shows significantly less correlation.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, to appear in proceedings of GECCO 2019 as a full pape

On the Emergence of the Microcanonical Description from a Pure State

We study, in general terms, the process by which a pure state can ``self-thermalize'' and {\em appear} to be described by a microcanonical density matrix. This requires a quantum mechanical version of the Gibbsian coarse graining that conceptually underlies classical statistical mechanics. We introduce some extra degrees of freedom that are necessary for this. Interaction between these degrees and the system can be understood as a process of resonant absorption and emission of ``soft quanta''. This intuitive picture allows one to state a criterion for when self thermalization occurs. This paradigm also provides a method for calculating the thermalization rate using the usual formalism of atomic physics for calculating decay rates. We contrast our prescription for coarse graining, which is somewhat dynamical, with the earlier approaches that are intrinsically kinematical. An important motivation for this study is the black hole information paradox.Comment: 58 pages, 2 figures. A reference adde

Residential Aged Care Policy in Australia - Are We Learning from Evidence?

© 2015 Institute of Public Administration Australia. The residential aged care industry in Australia will expand rapidly over the next 10 years leading to substantial increases in government expenditure. Recent and future reforms are likely leading to changes in the structure of the industry with a potential impact on quality of care. The purpose of this paper is to stimulate broader public debate, based on the available evidence, about the preferred structure of this important industry. It examines the literature on the impact structure has on the quality of services and compares this with a fresh analysis of current trends. The paper argues that future policy should be evidence based and explicit about the structure of the industry that will emerge from current policy reforms