1,452 research outputs found
Quantum Correlations in Nonlocal BosonSampling
Determination of the quantum nature of correlations between two spatially
separated systems plays a crucial role in quantum information science. Of
particular interest is the questions of if and how these correlations enable
quantum information protocols to be more powerful. Here, we report on a
distributed quantum computation protocol in which the input and output quantum
states are considered to be classically correlated in quantum informatics.
Nevertheless, we show that the correlations between the outcomes of the
measurements on the output state cannot be efficiently simulated using
classical algorithms. Crucially, at the same time, local measurement outcomes
can be efficiently simulated on classical computers. We show that the only
known classicality criterion violated by the input and output states in our
protocol is the one used in quantum optics, namely, phase-space
nonclassicality. As a result, we argue that the global phase-space
nonclassicality inherent within the output state of our protocol represents
true quantum correlations.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, comments are very welcome
Quantum Correlations and Global Coherence in Distributed Quantum Computing
Deviations from classical physics when distant quantum systems become
correlated are interesting both fundamentally and operationally. There exist
situations where the correlations enable collaborative tasks that are
impossible within the classical formalism. Here, we consider the efficiency of
quantum computation protocols compared to classical ones as a benchmark for
separating quantum and classical resources and argue that the computational
advantage of collaborative quantum protocols in the discrete variable domain
implies the nonclassicality of correlations. By analysing a toy model, it turns
out that this argument implies the existence of quantum correlations distinct
from entanglement and discord. We characterize such quantum correlations in
terms of the net global coherence resources inherent within quantum states and
show that entanglement and discord can be understood as special cases of our
general framework. Finally, we provide an operational interpretation of such
correlations as those allowing two distant parties to increase their respective
local quantum computational resources only using locally incoherent operations
and classical communication.Comment: Minor modifications and correction
What can quantum optics say about computational complexity theory?
Considering the problem of sampling from the output photon-counting
probability distribution of a linear-optical network for input Gaussian states,
we obtain results that are of interest from both quantum theory and the
computational complexity theory point of view. We derive a general formula for
calculating the output probabilities, and by considering input thermal states,
we show that the output probabilities are proportional to permanents of
positive-semidefinite Hermitian matrices. It is believed that approximating
permanents of complex matrices in general is a #P-hard problem. However, we
show that these permanents can be approximated with an algorithm in BPP^NP
complexity class, as there exists an efficient classical algorithm for sampling
from the output probability distribution. We further consider input
squeezed-vacuum states and discuss the complexity of sampling from the
probability distribution at the output.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur
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Why are those computers sitting over there gathering dust
The purpose of this project was to create electronic books (E-books) for kindergartens to read during their center time. The E-books are intended for kindergarten teachers to use to help their students learn to read while utilizing the technology resources in their classroom. These E-books are teacher created so the cost is minimal and they can be copied and distributed to each student without worrying about copyright laws. Teachers can customize them to fit the current thematic unit they are teaching and once created, they can be used repeadedly without being damaged like paper books
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Recreational Rights and Titles to Beds on Western Lakes and Streams
What rights do riparians, their licensees, and the public have to use the small lakes and streams of the West when the beds are privately owned? This is the question which this Article attempts to answer. However, to do this, an analysis had to be made of which lake and stream beds were privately owned. Thus, the Article covers both the questions of title to beds and rights of surface use. This Article represents the first time that an effort has been made to systematically and comprehensively survey the lake and stream surface use cases of the Western part of the Nation, or of any large section of the Nation, and to critically compare and evaluate these cases
Recreational Rights and Titles to Bed on Western Lakes and Streams
What rights do riparians, their licensees, and the public have to use the small lakes and streams of the West when the beds are privately owned? This is the question which this Article attempts to answer. However, to do this, an analysis had to be made of which lake and stream beds were privately owned. Thus, the Article covers both the questions of title to beds and rights of surface use. This Article represents the first time that an effort has been made to systematically and comprehensively survey the lake and stream surface use cases of the Western part of the Nation, or of any large section of the Nation, and to critically compare and evaluate these cases
Measurement-based Lorentz-covariant Bohmian trajectories of interacting photons
In a recent article [Foo et. al., Nature Comms. 13, 2 (2022)], we devised a
method of constructing the Lorentz-covariant Bohmian trajectories of single
photons via weak measurements of the photon's momentum and energy. However,
whether such a framework can consistently describe multiparticle interactions
remains to be seen. Here, we present a nontrivial generalisation of our
framework to describe the relativistic Bohmian trajectories of two interacting
photons exhibiting nonclassical interference due to their indistiguishability.
We begin by deriving the average velocity fields of the indistinguishable
photons using a conditional weak measurement protocol, with detectors that are
agnostic to the identity of the respective photons. We demonstrate a direct
correspondence between the operationally-derived trajectories with those
obtained using a position- and time-symmetrised multiparticle Klein-Gordon
wavefunction, whose dynamics are manifestly Lorentz-covariant. We propose a
spacetime metric that depends nonlocally on the positions of both particles as
a curvature based interpretation of the resulting trajectories. Contrary to
prior expectations, our results demonstrate a consistent trajectory-based
interpretation of relativistic multiparticle interactions in quantum theory.Comment: 10+10 pages, 7 figure
Maximum entanglement of formation for a two-mode Gaussian state over passive operations
We quantify the maximum amount of entanglement of formation (EoF) that can be
achieved by continuous-variable states under passive operations, which we refer
to as EoF-potential. Focusing, in particular, on two-mode Gaussian states we
derive analytical expressions for the EoF-potential for specific classes of
states. For more general states, we demonstrate that this quantity can be
upper-bounded by the minimum amount of squeezing needed to synthesize the
Gaussian modes, a quantity called squeezing of formation. Our work, thus,
provides a new link between non-classicality of quantum states and the
non-classicality of correlations.Comment: Revised versio
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