Computed tomography aspect of primary lung cancer

Background: Primary lung cancer (PLC) is the world’s leading cancer in terms of incidence and mortality. The objective of our study is to identify morphological criteria by scanning towards a histological type of PLCs. Methods: This is a retrospective transversal analytical study, carried out at the oncology, radiotherapy and clinical haematology department of Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona teaching hospital, from January 01, 2014 to December 31, 2018, covering all new histologically proven cases of PLC. The parameters of the study were epidemiological, CT scan and anatomopathological data. Results: We collected 95 cases. The average age was 59.11 years. The male gender was the most affected with a sex ratio of 1.8. The most common clinical call sign was chronic cough with 74.74% of cases. The radiographic appearance was parenchymal opacity in 54.5% of cases. Adenocarcinoma had the predominant histological type with 45.26% of cases associations were found between histological type and tumor site (p=0.0001), intratumor excavation (p=0.0001), intratumor necrosis (p=0.012). Conclusions: Morphological appearance of CT scan lesions may approach histological type of PLCs

Diagnosis, classification and cytopenic complications of acute leukemias seen in JRA University Hospital hematology laboratory

AbstractIntroduction: Acute leukemias (AL) are a group of hematologic disorders characterized by malignant clonal bone marrow precursors proliferation blocked on stage of differentiation known as "blasts". Our aims were to describe diagnosis, classification and cytopenic complications of AL.Methods: We performed a descriptive retrospective study of patients who performed a myelogram at Hematology Laboratory of Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona (JRA) Antananarivo University Hospital. Diagnosis of AL was made when percentage of blood or bone marrow blasts greater than 20%. For classification, we used cytological and cytochemical criteria of the FAB group.Results: 714 myelograms were performed, hematological malignancies had 16.8% of cases (120/714). Of the 120 cases of hematological malignancies, 72.5% (86/120) were AL. Patients with leukemia were 2 ½ months and 79 years old with an average of 28 years. Children under 15 years old were most affected (45.3%; 38/86)According to FAB classification, acute myeloid leukemia type 1 (AML1) accounted for 31.6% (18/578) of cases. ALL2 was represented at 84.6% (22/26) of ALLs. Regarding abnormalities of hemogram, thrombocytopenia, anemia and leukopenia were found respectively in 94.2%, 86% and 20.9% of cases.Conclusion: ALs are rare pathologies. They affect all ages with a higher frequency in children under 15 years old. Myeloid types are more common. Cytopenias and clinical syndromes should not be neglected as they can be life-threatening