1,134 research outputs found
Epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae colonization in ICU: a pilot study from a tertiary care hospital in Western Rajasthan, India
Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a serious global public health threat. Antibiotic overuse, improper sanitation and unhygienic practices lead to large scale carriage and rapid spread.Methods: This is a prospective hospital based study planned for a period of 3 months including all patients admitted to 14 bedded Trauma ICU of a tertiary care hospital in Rajasthan. Rectal swabs were collected from admitted patients and carriage of carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae looked for as per CDC guidelines. Screening of the Enterobacteriaceae colonies for carbapenemase production was done by Modified Hodge test. Carbapenem-resistant isolates were also tested for Metallo beta lactamase production by phenotypic disc confirmatory test.Results: A total of 73 patients were screened and 27 CRE isolates were obtained, carriage rate being 37%. A high level of resistance was seen to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins. 100% sensitivity was however seen to Colistin, Tigecycline and Fosfomycin. 5 out of 27 strains showed a positive MHT test. Metallo beta lactamase (MBL) production was seen in 21/25 strains as tested by meropenem and Meropenem-EDTA discs.Conclusions: The current pilot study finds out the prevalence of CRE carriage among critically ill patients and stresses upon strong need for stringent infection control measures
Genetic Variability, Diversity and Interrelationship for Twelve Grain Minerals in 122 Commercial Pearl Millet Cultivars in India
Pearl millet contributes to the major source of dietary calories and essential micronutrients intake among rural
populations in certain regions of India as its grains are more nutritious than other cereals. The aims of this investigation were to
profile cultivar nutrition, diversity and interrelationship for grain minerals (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo and Ni)
among 122 pearl millet hybrids and open-pollinated varieties in India. Trials were evaluated in randomized complete block
design with three replications at two locations (Patancheru and Mandor) representing two major cultivation zones. The grain
minerals in cultivars exhibited two- to- four-fold variation. Positive and significant correlations were noted among different
minerals. A higher magnitude of positive and significant association between Fe and Zn (r = 0.71, P\0.01) and with other
minerals suggested the existence of greater genetic potential for the concurrent improvement of Fe and Zn without lowering
the other grain minerals in pearl millet. The first two principal components accounted for 49% of variation. Euclidian distancebased
cluster analysis grouped the 122 cultivars into seven clusters. Cluster I had higher mean for Fe (56 mg kg-1) and Zn
(49 mg kg-1), in which ICTP 8203, Ajeet 38, Sanjivani 222,PAC 903 and 86 M86 were identified as rich sources of iron, zinc
and calcium with considerable levels of other nutrients. About 65% of cultivars for iron and 100% of cultivars for zinc have met
the minimum standards set forth by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. This indicates the feasibility of breeding
nutrient-rich hybrids with competitive yields through mainstreaming in future
First Results from MFOSC-P : Low Resolution Optical Spectroscopy of a Sample of M dwarfs within 100 parsecs
Mt. Abu Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (MFOSC-P) is an in-house
developed instrument for Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) 1.2m telescope at
Mt. Abu India, commissioned in February 2019. Here we present the first science
results derived from the low resolution spectroscopy program of a sample of M
Dwarfs carried out during the commissioning run of MFOSC-P between
February-June 2019. M dwarfs carry great significance for exoplanets searches
in habitable zone and are among the promising candidates for the observatory's
several ongoing observational campaigns. Determination of their accurate
atmospheric properties and fundamental parameters is essential to constrain
both their atmospheric and evolutionary models. In this study, we provide a low
resolution (R500) spectroscopic catalogue of 80 bright M dwarfs (J10)
and classify them using their optical spectra. We have also performed the
spectral synthesis and minimisation techniques to determine their
fundamental parameters viz. effective temperature and surface gravity by
comparing the observed spectra with the most recent BT-Settl synthetic spectra.
Spectral type of M dwarfs in our sample ranges from M0 to M5. The derived
effective temperature and surface gravity are ranging from 4000 K to 3000 K and
4.5 to 5.5 dex, respectively. In most of the cases, the derived spectral types
are in good agreement with previously assigned photometric classification.Comment: Accepted for Publication in MNRA
Exploring the short-term variability of H and H emissions in a sample of M dwarfs
The time scales of variability in active M dwarfs can be related to their
various physical parameters. Thus, it is important to understand such
variability to decipher the physics of these objects. In this study, we have
performed the low resolution (5.7\AA) spectroscopic monitoring of 83 M
dwarfs (M0-M6.5) to study the variability of H / H emissions;
over the time scales from 0.7 to 2.3 hours with a cadence of 3-10
minutes. Data of a sample of another 43 late-type M dwarfs (M3.5-M8.5) from the
literature are also included to explore the entire spectral sequence. 53 of the
objects in our sample (64\%) show statistically significant short-term
variability in H. We show that this variability in 38 of them are most
likely to be related to the flaring events. We find that the early M dwarfs are
less variable despite showing higher activity strengths
(L/L \& L/L), which saturates around
10 for M0-M4 types. Using archival photometric light curves from
TESS and Kepler/K2 missions, the derived chromospheric emission (\ha and \hb
emission) variability is then explored for any plausible systematics with
respect to their rotation phase. The variability indicators clearly show higher
variability in late-type M dwarfs (M5-M8.5) with shorter rotation periods (2
days). For 44 sources, their age has been estimated using StarHorse project and
possible correlations with variability have been explored. The possible causes
and implications for these behaviors are discussed.Comment: There are 35 pages including 18 pages of supplementary material. The
manuscript is accepted for publication in MNRA
Behavioural disorders amongst children of a rural community of Lucknow, India
Background: Behavioural disturbances are notable child health problem, the importance of which is increasingly recognized in most countries. A behaviour problem is nothing but a deviation from the accepted pattern of behavior on the part of the child when he is exposed to an inconsistent social and cultural environment. Aims & Objectives: To assess the prevalence of behavioural disorders in children of a rural community. Material & Methods: This was a village based cross-sectional study done among the children for the assessing the behavioural disorders. Results: Of the total 1157 children studied, 195 (16.9%) showed one or the other behavioural disorders. Various disorders elicited were bed wetting (11.6%), thumb sucking (3.1%), nail biting (1.6%) and food fad (0.5%). The disorders were more common in preschool children (34.2%) compared to school going age children (11.0%). Behavioural disorders were more frequent in children at extremes of birth orders (birth orders I & V) compared to others. The prevalence of disorders did not differ much in boys (16.2%) and girls (17.6%). Conclusions: The present study has reported a relatively higher prevalence of behavior disorders (16.9%) in children in a rural setting. The pattern of behavior problems was studied in terms of age, sex and birth order. In such children, there is a need for health education and counseling by psychiatrist/psychiatric social worker at the primary care level and must be worked ou
Partial uterine perforation and ovarian embedment of misplaced intrauterine device: a case report
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are the commonest form of contraceptive method in use globally. IUDs like other methods of contraception may be associated with its own complications. The major risk includes uterine perforation with embedment, migration, and/or expulsion. A 35 year old female who had a history of postpartum IUD insertion 10 years ago was referred to our institute with complains of severe lower abdominal pain and vomiting since 10 days. Transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound (TAS/TVS) were done. Ultrasound led to the final diagnosis of ovarian embedment of the IUD. Laparotomy with IUD removal was successfully performed. This case report highlights one of the rare complications of IUD migrating to the left ovary in a patient presenting with lower abdominal pain. In a patient with history an IUD insertion in situ, lower abdominal pain and missing threads on examination should wary the gynaecologist to the possibility of total or partial transmigration of the device into the pelvis or abdomen
Morphology of radio relics I: What causes the substructure of synchrotron emission?
High-resolution radio observations of cluster radio relics often show complex
spatial and spectral features. However, it is not clear what these features
reveal about the underlying magnetic field properties. We performed
three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of merger shock waves
propagating through a magnetised, turbulent intracluster medium. Our model
includes the diffusive shock acceleration of cosmic-ray electrons, their
spatial advection and energy losses at run-time. With this set-up we can
investigate the relation between radio substructure and pre-shock plasma
conditions in the host cluster. We find that upstream turbulence plays a major
role in shaping the properties of radio relics produced downstream. Within the
assumption of diffusive shock acceleration, we can reproduce the observed
discrepancy between the X-ray derived Mach number of shocks, and the Mach
number inferred from radio spectra. Our simulated spectral index maps and
profiles across the radio relic also suggest that the standard deviation of the
upstream magnetic field must be relatively small (G) in
order to reproduce observations and therefore, radio relics can potentially
constrain the distribution of magnetic fields in galaxy clusters outskirts.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 22 pages, 25 figure
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