Investigation of some trace elements in Raipur Industrial area and its surrounding, Raipur District.

The paper deals with determination of eight trace metals namely. Copper, Iron, Mangnese, Zinc, Nickel,, Chromium  Lead and Mercury  in the ground water of different sites of Raipur Industrial area of Raipur district . All activities carried out on the ground surface have direct or indirect impact on the ground water whether associated with urban ,industrial or agricultural activities large scale concentrated source of pollutants, such as industrial discharges and sub surface injection of chemicals and hazardous are obvious source of ground water pollutants. This study was carryout in the month of during summer 2013. The samples were collected from seven different source of Raipur Industrial area of Raipur. The results obtained are compared with safe limits in ppm for heavy metals laid down by BIS, WHO, ICMR, APHA

An important role of coal and its calorific value on the performance of thermal power station: A case study

An investigation was undertaken to study the Physical and Chemical properties of coal in Korba district. Due to the Presence of lot of Coal mines, number of coal based thermal power stations are established in Korba district. So study has been carried out for assessment of coal quality, whether it is suitable for thermal power stations, by collectying sample from Gevra Coal mines. This paper presents Grade of the coal available in Korba district. Three different Coal samples were collected from  different areas of Gevra Coal mines  and analyzed for Proximate, Ultimate and  Calorific value as per Standard methods. The useful heat values (UHV) of three coal samples are 2482K.Cal/Kg, 2917K.Cal/Kg, and 2786K.Cal/Kg. From overall analysis, and according to UHV of coal samples  we can conclude that  the grade of Gevra Coal is” F”and is very much  useful for Coal based thermal power stations

Explainable AI (XAI): core ideas, techniques and solutions

As our dependence on intelligent machines continues to grow, so does the demand for more transparent and interpretable models. In addition, the ability to explain the model generally is now the gold standard for building trust and deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems in critical domains. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to provide a suite of machine learning (ML) techniques that enable human users to understand, appropriately trust, and produce more explainable models. Selecting an appropriate approach for building an XAI-enabled application requires a clear understanding of the core ideas within XAI and the associated programming frameworks. We survey state-of-the-art programming techniques for XAI and present the different phases of XAI in a typical ML development process. We classify the various XAI approaches and using this taxonomy, discuss the key differences among the existing XAI techniques. Furthermore, concrete examples are used to describe these techniques that are mapped to programming frameworks and software toolkits. It is the intention that this survey will help stakeholders in selecting the appropriate approaches, programming frameworks, and software toolkits by comparing them through the lens of the presented taxonomy

Unveiling the combined effect of nano fertilizers and conventional fertilizers on crop productivity, profitability, and soil well-being

It is widely accepted that deficiency of macro (nitrogen) and micronutrients (zinc, copper etc.) affects the plant growth and development which cause a significant threat to crop production and food security. The Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative (IFFCO) developed nano-urea (nano-N), nano-zinc (nano-Zn), and nano-copper (nano-Cu) liquid fertilizer formulations to enhance the crop yields, simultaneously addressing the nutrient deficiency, without causing toxicity. Therefore, this study was formulated to evaluate the effectiveness of nano-N (nano-urea), nano-Zn, and nano-Cu at varying N levels [0, 50, 75, and 100% of the recommended rates of nitrogen (RRN)] on maize-wheat and pearl millet-mustard systems during 2019–20 and 2020–21. The results exhibited that the application of nano-N + nano-Zn with 100% RRN exhibited significantly higher grain yields in maize (66.2–68.8%), wheat (62.6–61.9%), pearl millet (57.1–65.4%), and mustard (47.2–69.0%), respectively, over absolute control plots and combinations of three nano-fertilizers like nano-N + nano-Zn + nano-Cu applied plots. This was mainly attributed to the higher N and Zn uptake by the crops. However, 75% RRN with nano-N + nano-Zn also produced comparable yields. Thus, applying nano-N and nano-Zn via foliar applications, in conjunction with conventional urea, has the potential to reduce the required nitrogen fertilizer amount by up to 25%, while simultaneously maintaining equivalent yield levels. Similarly, 100% RRN and 75% RRN + nano-N + nano-Zn registered comparable profitability, soil mineral N, dehydrogenase activity (DHA), and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), during both the study years. However, further research and field trials on nano fertilizers alone or in combination with conventional fertilizers are essential to fully unlock its benefits and ascertain its long-term effects which may offer a pathway to more efficient and eco-friendly crop nourishment

Television as a Tool of Memory and Identity in Khaled Hosseini’s Novels

Globalization epitomizes the convergence of diverse cultures, economies, and communities on a worldwide scale, engendering the exchange of ideas, technology, inventions, and import and export services across nations and societies. Technology, as a pivotal agent, assumes a vital role in building bridges among the global economies by overcoming information disparities and thereby empowering people. Specifically, television, a very influential medium, assumes the function of capturing, collating, and disseminating personal and cultural memories. Its significance is especially pronounced in the context of Khaled Hosseini’s literary works, The Kite Runner and A Thousand Splendid Suns, where television’s role as a tool for constructing memories and shaping the identities of the characters is scrutinized. The ramifications of the Taliban’s television ban are examined in this paper, highlighting how this drastic measure has significantly impacted the nation’s culture