Effectiveness of structured teaching program on diet during lactation among postnatal mothers

World Breastfeeding Week is celebrated annually from 1 - 7th August across 120 countries. It is promoted by global health organizations like WHO and UNICEF. The goal of this week is to spread awareness about the importance of exclusive breast feeding for the first six months of an infant's life. This helps to build the baby's immune system, provides critical nutrients and promotes development. It demands an additional 500 kcal in the diet of a breastfeeding mother. Quantitative research approach was designed to find out the effectiveness of structured teaching program on diet during lactation. Pre-experimental with one group pretest-posttest design was used. The study was conducted in CSI Mission Hospital, Neyyoor. The samples consisted of 50 postnatal mothers based on the inclusion criteria. They were selected by purposive sampling technique. Demographic variables, structured knowledge questionnaire and Likert five point attitude scale were used to assess the baseline data, level of knowledge and attitude on diet during lactation among postnatal mothers. The pre-test knowledge level was 60.24+13.84 and the post-test knowledge level was 80.72+13.9. The mean difference was 20.48 and the ‘t’ value was 7.383. The pre-test attitude level was 53.04+7.9 and the post-test attitude level was 81.38+5.29. The mean difference was 28.34 and the ‘t’ value was 21.077. The obtained ‘t’ value was higher than the table value. Hence, it was highly significant at 0.05 level. The study concluded that, structured teaching program on diet during lactation was effective in terms of improving the knowledge and attitude of postnatal mothers

Compatibility of RuO₂ electrodes with PZT ceramics

Because of its high electrical conductivity and good diffusion barrier properties ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) is a good electrode material for use with ferroelectric lead zirconate–titanate (PZT) solid solutions. Under certain conditions, RuO2 can react with PZT to form lead ruthenate (Pb2Ru2O6⋅5) during processing at elevated temperatures resulting in lead depletion from PZT. The standard Gibbs energies of formation of RuO2 and Pb2Ru2O6⋅5 and activities of components of the PZT solid solution have been determined recently. Using this data along with older thermodynamic information on PbZrO3 and PbTiO3, the stability domain of Pb2Ru2O6⋅5 is computed as a function of PZT composition, temperature and oxygen partial pressure in the gas phase. The results show PbZrO3-rich compositions are more prone to react with RuO2 at all temperatures. Increasing temperature and decreasing oxygen partial pressure suppress the reaction. Graphically displayed are the reaction zones as a function of oxygen partial pressure and PZT composition at temperatures 973, 1173 and 1373 K

Волатильность доходности инвестиций на фондовом рынке в странах БРИКС

Fluctuations in returns from investment in stocks make these risky. This factor should be kept in mind in stock investment decisions, which determines the relevance of this research. Through the study, the volatility in the stock returns of BRICS nations is analysed for inferring on the riskiness associated with investing in the respective nations, which is the aim of the research. For this study, the daily returns of five indexes representing each of the nation namely Ibovespa (Brazil), Moex (Russia), Nifty 50 (India), Hang Seng Index (HSI, China), and FTSE/JSE All Share Index (JALSH, South Africa) for a period of 14 years are collected and analysed. Both unconditional and conditional volatility in returns is analysed for each of the nations for imparting clearer and more comprehensive picture of the volatility in returns. Such an in-depth and long period analysis of volatility of the returns of the emerging BRICS economies is a novelty of the research that determined that no volatility model can be said as perfect for all economies for all time. The GARCH (1, 1) model was used to study for the returns of all the five indexes. The results of the study point out that the daily returns of all these indexes are heteroscedastic, implying presence of varying variance. Accordingly, the study м that the BRICS nations’ index returns are more volatile and riskier, and authors are recommended to invest in those indexes with lesser conditional volatility.Колебания доходности от инвестиций в акции (волатильность) делают эти инвестиции рискованными. Этот фактор необходимо учитывать при принятии решений об инвестировании в акции, что определяет актуальность настоящего исследования. Цель исследования - путем анализа волатильности доходности акций стран БРИКС определить наличие рискованности инвестиций в соответствующие страны. Авторы собрали и проанализировали ежедневные доходы пяти индексов, представляющих каждую из стран: Ibovespa (Бразилия), Moex (Россия), Nifty 50 (Индия), Hang Seng Index (HSI, Китай) и FTSE/JSE All Share Index (JALSH, Южная Африка) за период в 14 лет. Для каждой из стран изучена как безусловная, так и условная волатильность доходности от инвестиций в акции, что позволяет получить более четкую и полную картину. Такой глубокий и долгосрочный анализ волатильности доходности развивающихся экономик БРИКС составляет новизну исследования, определившего, что ни одна модель волатильности не может быть признана идеальной для всех экономик. Для изучения доходности всех пяти индексов была применена модель GARCH (1, 1). Результаты исследования указывают на то, что дневные доходности всех изученных индексов гетероскедастичны, что означает наличие различной дисперсии. Сделан вывод, что доходность индексов стран БРИКС отличается высокой волатильностью, в связи чем авторы рекомендуют инвесторам вкладывать средства в индексы с меньшей условной волатильностью

The Moderating Role of Bank Performance Indicators on Credit Risk of Indian Public Sector Banks

Credit risk is inherent in banking. With its pervasive impact, it poses significant threat to the existence, stability and growth of the banking industry. The present study investigates the moderating role of various bank performance indicators on the relationship between lending and credit risk, i.e., Non Performing Assets (NPA) during the period 2000-01 to 2011-12. The study concentrates on Indian Public Sector Banks. Basically, NPA results from advances. This relationship is often more complex because it is modified by the changes in both bank performance indicators and macroeconomic indicators. The bank performance indicators moderate the relationship between advances and NPA. In order to achieve the stated objectives, the study utilized correlation, regression and ANOVA with moderation effect. The study revealed that the selected bank performance variables exercise a moderating role in the relationship between advances and NPA. The conclusion derived from the analysis can be utilized to improve the credit risk management in banks. Keywords: Non Performing Assets, Advances, Moderation, Performance Indicator

Premature Centromere Division and Spontaneous Abortion

Premature Centromere Division (PCD) was observed in the chromosomes of metaphase spreads in a patient with the history of recurrent abortions. Short term leukocyte cultures were set up with blood sample from the woman with a history of recurrent abortions for the past four consequent years. 25 % of the metaphase spreads screened displayed premature centromere division of the chromosomes in each of the cells. This abnormal behavior of the centromeres may predispose the individual to cell division errors due to chromosome instability and the consequences of which may be a spontaneous abortion

Improving Power Quality with Non-Segregated Dynamic Voltage Restorer-Ultra capacitor Design

A product that might improve voltage sag and swell change and integration of energy storage is the dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). Ultra capacitors, or UCAPs, are conducive in relieve voltage swells and sags which compose a challenge to high power for concise periods of time. In the end, both high power density and low energy density are consummate. One vital outcome of the ongoing study is that the DVR form accommodate rechargeable UCAP-based energy storage. When this system is assimilate, it will banish commitment for the grid to monitor for foible on the grid as long as the UCAPDVR system wield as an active power source and self-adjust to indemnify for unforeseen voltage swells and sags. An engrossing way to lessen sag is to utilize a dual-way DC-DC converter connected to an ultra-capacitor or dynamic voltage restorer to provide an accurate dc-link output voltage for the DVR. As a result of the integrated UCAP- DVR's advancement, speedy harmonic distortion is mitigated by reducing transient voltage swells and sags simultaneously. The PI controller will be leaned over other controllers in this specimen. A suggested framework is confirmed by virtue of, simulations using MATLAB/Simulink software