Unravelling the Interplay of Public Debt, Inflation and Unemployment on Poverty in Malaysia: A Comprehensive Examination

This study addresses a critical gap in the existing body of research by exploring the relationship between macroeconomic variables and poverty in Malaysia from 1992 to 2022. Employing the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) method, the research investigates the impact of three key independent variables - unemployment, public debt, and inflation - on the dependent variable, the poverty rate. The findings reveal significant insights: unemployment positively affects the poverty rate, underlining the vulnerability of unemployed individuals to poverty. In contrast, public debt emerges as a negative determinant of poverty, emphasizing the importance of prudent fiscal management for poverty reduction. Intriguingly, inflation does not exhibit a statistically significant association with the poverty rate. These results offer a valuable contribution to the limited macroeconomic studies on poverty in Malaysia, shedding light on the intricate dynamics between economic variables and poverty, and provide valuable guidance for policymakers and researchers alike in the pursuit of targeted poverty alleviation strategies tailored to the Malaysian context

Humeral Artery Aneurysm Revealing a Rare Association between Tuberculosis and Behçet’s Disease

The association of pulmonary tuberculosis and Behçet’s disease revealed by an aneurysm of the humeral artery is exceptional with a complicated management. We report a case in which the two conditions occurred concomitantly with the vascular complication, apart from any use of immunosuppressive therapy, something that has never been reported in the literature. We report an extremely rare case of a spontaneous rupture of an aneurysm of the humeral artery of a 29-year-old woman, with no history. The patient underwent axillo-humeral bypass. Investigations concluded the diagnosis of Behçet’s disease associated with pulmonary and lymph node tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculous chemotherapy followed by corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and colchicine have been administrated. Based on this observation, we insist on the necessity of searching the symptoms of Behçet’s disease in the presence of arterial involvement when having a young patient. Therapeutic management must include medical treatment to control inflammation and limit the risk of recurrence. Endovascular or surgical treatment is necessary if the arterial involvement is threatening. The association with tuberculosis complicates management and requires close monitoring

The Effect of Edm Die-sinking Parameters on Material Removal Rate of Beryllium Copper Using Full Factorial Method

The effect of electrical discharge machining (EDM) die-sinking parameters on material removal rate (MRR) of Beryllium Copper (BeCu) was studied. EDM die-sinking is one of the important non-traditional machining processes and it is widely accepted as a standard machining process in the manufacturing of forming tools to produce mould and die. The appropriate parameters were selected to study the influence of operating parameters of BeCu on MRR. Electrolytic copper was selected as electrode with positive polarity. The experiment was done using SODICK AQ35L EDM machine. Two level approach of full factorial design of experiment was applied to design the experimental and the data was analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the optimal combinations of the process parameters were predicted. It is found that peak current was the most significant factor affecting the MRR. Further, pulse on time and pulse off time must be combined with other factors in order to influence the machining characteristics. Finally, machine voltage shows less significant factor for the EDM die-sinking process on BeCu

Prediction of Cutting Force in End Milling of Inconel 718

Inconel is prominently known as a hard material to be machined. Due to stability during extreme temperature, it is widely used in aerospace components especially turbine blade (Kitagawa et al. , 1997, Ulutan and Ozel, 2011). Some processes require ball end type due to intricate and complex shape. This curve cutting tip tool reduces stress concentration. However, the complex shape of round nose geometry exhibit tool wear mode that different than flat end milling tool (Aspinwall et al. , 2007). Studies from previous researchers found that the interrupted cutting process causes flaking especially during machining high tensile strength (Figure 1) (Kasim et al. , 2013). This paper presents the effect of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut on the cutting force when machining Inconel 718 under minimum quantity lubrication. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the experiment, and a Box–Behnken design was used to determine the cause and effect of the relationship between the four cutting parameters and cutting force. The investigation milling parameters were cutting speed (100, 120, and 140 m/min), feed rate (0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 mm/tooth), axial depth of cut (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 mm) and radial depth of cut (0.2, 1, and 1.8 mm). The result shows that the radial depth of cut was the dominating factor controlling cutting force, it was followed by axial depth of cut and feed rate. The relationship between cutting force of various factors was expressed in a three-dimensional response graph (Figure 2). The second order prediction cutting force equation (1) was developed with a 95% confidence level. The optimum condition required for minimum cutting force include cutting speed of 110 m/min, feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev, axial depth of cut of 0.5 mm, and radial depth of cut of 0.25 mm. The error between the predictive model and the actual of cutting force was less than 3%. With this optimum condition, a cutting force of 144N was obtained

TAGUCHI METHOD PREDICTION OF EDM DIE-SINKING PARAMETERS ON SURFACE INTEGRITY FOR ALUMINIUM COMPOSITE USING COPPER ELECTRODE

This paper investigates the performance of copper electrode on the surface integrity of aluminium alloy LM6 (Al-Sil2) in the electrical discharge machine (EDM) die sinking.The relationship between the machining parameters which is pulse-on time, pulse-off time, peak current and voltage on surface integrity has been investigated. Copper tool of diameter 10mm was chosen as an electrode. Scanning electrone microscope (SEM) was used to observe the microstructure of LM6 after machining process and the average of recast layer (RL). It was found that the current and pulse on time significantly affected the recast layer, while the pulse off time and voltage are the less significant factor that affected the responses. Result shows that increasing the pulse on time, increases the recast layer. Thus, it shows that copper have the capability to cut aluminium alloy LM6 using EDM die sinking

Investigation of Effects of Carbon Nanofiber Nanofluid in Drilling of AISI 304 Stainless Steel

This paper presents the experimental study of the effects of carbon nanofiber (CNF) nanofluid in drilling of AISI 304 stainless steel. The drilling performance was assessed based on the surface roughness inside the holes, hole dimensional accuracy and burr formation using four different CNF nanofluid concentrations. The machining performance of CNF nanofluid also compared with the base fluid (deionized water) only. The experimental results show that the CNF nanofluid not only improve the surface finish and hole accuracy, but also reduce the burr formation at the circumference of the drilled hole

Adventure tourism: a study of Tunku Abdul Rahman Park, Sabah

Adventure tourism is one of the main travel activities in the world. For instance, adventure tourism is among the primary contributors to the economy in Sabah, which is undertaken by most travellers who visit the state. This study was conducted to identify the perceptions of the local Sabahan visitors regarding adventure tourism activities at Tunku Abdul Rahman Park. Other than identifying the services and activities offered at Tunku Abdul Rahman Park, this study also seeks to examine how adventure tourism activities impact the environment of the islands. A 300 set of self-administrated questionnaires were distributed to the local visitors of Tunku Abdul Rahman Park islands (Manukan, Mamutik, Sapi, and Gaya). It was found that the majority of the local visitors indeed know about adventure tourism activities and they were satisfied with the services and activities offered at Tunku Abdul Rahman Park. While adventure tourism activities are deemed unharmful to the environment as they are believed to benefit the economy, it remains imperative that the infrastructure on the islands be improved. This study will benefit policymakers and tourism operators in Malaysia, especially in Sabah with insightful findings for the Sabah Parks management and Sabah Tourism Board in undertaking promotional ideas that pique the interests of potential tourists to visit the islands whilst sustaining the long-term environment of the islands