A Study on Data Mining Based Intrusion Detection System

In recent years security has remained unsecured for computers as well as data network systems. Intrusion detecting system used to safeguard the data confidentiality, integrity and system availability from various types of attacks. Data mining techniques that can be applied to intrusion detection system to detect normal and abnormal behavior patterns. This paper studies nature of network attacks and the current trends of data mining based intrusion detection techniqu

An exploratory study to determine students' perceptions of the value of interaction in an Australian classroom context and the perceived impact on learning outcomes

Interaction has long been a defining and critical component of the educational process, whatever the classroom context (Anderson 2003). This paper presents findings of a study to explore the attitudes of students at an Australian university towards various types interactivity in the classroom. The study also investigates students perceptions of how interactivity in the classroom impacts on cognitive, affective and behavioural learning outcomes. In a recent review of the literature Muirhead & Juwah (2003) argue that interactivity is critical in underpinning the learning process in face-to-face, campus based and distance and online education. They say that interactions serve a diverse range of functions in the educational process, which include learner to learner, learner to content, learner to tutor, learner to technology, tutor to content, tutor to technology, content to content. These functions promote and enhance the quality of active, participative learning in a learning environment. However, literature indicates that attitudes towards active learning involving greater interactivity varies across students and between students and lecturers (Billings, Connors, & Skiba 2001). Investigation into student attitudes of the value and effectiveness of interaction is of particular interest for educators who are adapting the learning of a diverse range of students, including oncampus, distance, international, under and postgradute students. Much of the existing research into classroom interaction was grounded in the behaviourist and cognitive sciences approach to learning and teaching, where traditional classroom interaction placed the teacher at the centre of all activities as transmitter of knowledge and co-coordinator of student interaction (McLoughlin 2002). Those studies predate the recent application of constructivism (Bonk and Cunningham 1998) and social learning theory (Bandura (1977), and the emphasis on building life long learning skills. This research will contribute to current discussion about the role of interaction in learning, based on a constructivist approach to developing life long learning skills. This paper will present the findings of an exploratory study of students’ attitudes to various types of interaction in a classroom context. The first step of this exploratory study will employ a focus group approach to gather data from on campus students to identify the key issues that emerge from this data. These findings will be used to design a survey instrument to implement a follow-up research project

A Comprehensive Study On Learning Styles, E Learning Model And Tools

The advent of internet has revolutionized each and every aspects of day today living, it has also influenced the Teaching and Learning process. The traditional class room teaching is being steadily replaced by the E-Learning Platforms, with the arrival of Mass Learning platforms like MOOCs is changing the dimensions of the Learning pedagogy. The concept of e-Learning is resting heavily upon the Learner Centric E-Learning models and is relied upon the E-Learning Styles; they are also influenced by the underlying E-Learning architecture. In this paper, an attempt has been made to categorize survey and synthesize the Learning Styles, E-Learning models and their Architecture

FireFly Mosaic: A Vision-Enabled Wireless Sensor Networking System

Abstract — With the advent of CMOS cameras, it is now possible to make compact, cheap and low-power image sensors capable of on-board image processing. These embedded vision sensors provide a rich new sensing modality enabling new classes of wireless sensor networking applications. In order to build these applications, system designers need to overcome challanges associated with limited bandwith, limited power, group coordination and fusing of multiple camera views with various other sensory inputs. Real-time properties must be upheld if multiple vision sensors are to process data, com-municate with each other and make a group decision before the measured environmental feature changes. In this paper, we present FireFly Mosaic, a wireless sensor network image processing framework with operating system, networking and image processing primitives that assist in the development of distributed vision-sensing tasks. Each FireFly Mosaic wireless camera consists of a FireFly [1] node coupled with a CMUcam3 [2] embedded vision processor. The FireFly nodes run the Nano-RK [3] real-time operating system and communicate using the RT-Link [4] collision-free TDMA link protocol. Using FireFly Mosaic, we demonstrate an assisted living application capable of fusing multiple cameras with overlapping views to discover and monitor daily activities in a home. Using this application, we show how an integrated platform with support for time synchronization, a collision-free TDMA link layer, an underlying RTOS and an interface to an embedded vision sensor provides a stable framework for distributed real-time vision processing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first wireless sensor networking system to integrate multiple coordinating cameras performing local processing. I

Voice Over Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks have traditionally focused on low duty-cycle applications where sensor data are reported periodically in the order of seconds or even longer. This is due to typically slow changes in physical variables, the need to keep node costs low and the goal of extending battery lifetime. However, there is a growing need to support real-time streaming of audio and/or low-rate video even in wireless sensor networks for use in emergency situations and shortterm intruder detection. In this paper, we describe a real-time voice stream-capability in wireless sensor networks and summarize our deployment experiences of voice streaming across a large sensor network of FireFly nodes in an operational coal mine. FireFly is composed of several integrated layers including specialized low-cost hardware, a sensor network operating system, a real-time link layer and network scheduling. We are able to provide efficient support for applications with timing constraints by tightly coupling the network and task scheduling with hardware-based global time synchronization. We use this platform to support 2-way audio streaming concurrently with sensing tasks. For interactive voice, we investigate TDMA-based slot scheduling with balanced bi-directional latency while meeting audio timeliness requirements. Finally, we describe our experimental deployment of 42 nodes in a coal mine, and present measurements of the end-to-end throughput, jitter, packet loss and voice quality

Business Intelligence Solution for an SME: A Case Study.

Business Intelligence (BI) leverages the usefulness of existing information. It equips business users with relevant information to perform various analyses to make key business decisions. Over the last two decades, BI has become a core strategy for the growth of many companies, in particular large corporations. However, studies show that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) lag behind in implementation and exploitation of BI solutions. To stay ahead of the competition, SMEs must be able to monitor and effectively use all of their resources, in particular information resources, to assist them in making important business decisions. In this paper, we examine the challenges such as lack of technical expertise and limited budget when implementing a BI solution within an SME in the UK. In light of our experiences in tackling these issues, we discuss how these challenges can be overcome through applying various tools and strategies and the potential benefits

Techniculture

The incursions of philosophers have reached into the sociological fields, but more rarely into the technological realm which has indeed emerged as the new God of the 21st Century. This monograph attempts to fill this gap in a small way. Modern Technology, with its efficiency and power (technocracy), has come to stay. The comforts and conveniences that it has offered to humanity are unimaginable and undeniable. Traditional cultures, on the other hand, have a very conflicted view toward it, desiring the material blessings of technological civilization while also perceiving how it creates alienation, deracination, and powerlessness. Furthermore, the interaction of technological culture with other cultures has resulted in a "conflict of cosmologies.” The technocratic worldview's priorities, values, and vision are neither neutral nor universal, and they appear to be really at odds with traditional civilizations' vitalistic cosmologies, particularly in the understanding of matter, life, space, time, well-being, and so on. There is also a growing recognition that neither of the two extremes — improving and humanising technology or completely destroying it – is viable. At the same time, there is a need for the traditional cultures to simultaneously turn towards the spirit of humanity's new situation, and assist, integrate, and effect transformation within in ways that are both needed and possible. What could then be a way forward both for technology and traditional cultures? There may not be a way out. Perhaps, there could be a way in, as there has arisen in our new cross-cultural human situation, a great opportunity for mutual fecundation and transformation between the old and the new in the encounter of modern technology and traditional cultures. Techniculture, as this monograph will elaborate, indeed represents an effort in this direction and may well be an interlude for this mutational moment and cultural innovation

Enhanced ionic conductivity of 8 mol% yttria stabilized zirconia by flash sintering

The high conductivity of O2- ions in YSZ has led to its selection as the preferred electrolyte in many solid oxide fuel cell and oxygen sensor applications[1] because of its good chemical and structural stability under the temperature and environmental conditions in operational fuel cells[2]. The addition of yttria to zirconia increases the concentration of oxygen ion vacancies, as the principal mechanism of charge compensation on replacement of Zr4+by Y3+ leads toenhanced ionic transport in the electrolyte. The highest conductivity is obtained in the cubic phase of zirconia containing 8-10 mol% Y2O3. There is much current interest in flash sintering as a novel, rapid sintering method which has evolved from initial studies on YSZ[3]. It was reported[4] that partially-stabilized, tetragonal YSZ ceramics of composition 3 mol% Y2O3, prepared by both conventional sintering and field-assisted flash sintering, developed similar microstructures. Impedance measurements showed the presence of grain and grain boundary components and at a given temperature of 300 °C, the conductivities of flash-sintered samples were 2 to 3 times higher than those of conventionally-sintered samples. This increase appeared to be not due to microstructural effects or changes; it was presumed, but not confirmed, that the conductivity increase was ionic. It has been suggested that flash sintering generates defect concentrations far above equilibrium values[5], some of which may be retained after flash. The increased conductivities were attributed to increased carrier (oxygen vacancy) concentration, although the mechanism by which these extra carriers were created was unclear. Experimental measurements of residual lattice expansion after flash were attributed to the creation of a high concentration of oxygen Frenkel defects during flash; first principles calculations showed that oxygen-related defects may be produced in much higher concentration than Zr-related defects[6]. In the present work, the ionic conductivity of flash-sintered, polycrystalline 8 mol% yttria stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) is investigated. Flash sintering was carried out at a furnace temperature of 850 °C with an electric field of 100 V cm–1 to initiate flash, the current density limit was varied between 60 and 100 mA mm–2. Post-flash impedance spectroscopy measurements over the range 215–900 °C showed that both bulk and grain boundary conductivities had increased with the increased current density limit which was set prior to flash. The conductivity increases post-flash were ionic, not electronic, although electronic conductivity probably occurred, in addition to ionic conductivity, during flash and were not attributable to sample densification or microstructural changes. The higher ionic conductivities are attributed to a change in YSZ defect structure that led to an increased concentration of mobile charge carriers. [1] N.Q. Minh, Ceramic Fuel Cells, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 76 (1993) 563–588. [2] B. Butz, R. Schneider, D. Gerthsen, M. Schowalter, A. Rosenauer, Decomposition of 8.5 mol.% Y2O3-doped zirconia and its contribution to the degradation of ionic conductivity, Acta Mater. 57 (2009) 5480–5490. [3] M. Cologna, A.L.G. Prette, R. Raj, Flash-Sintering of Cubic Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia at 750°C for Possible Use in SOFC Manufacturing, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 94 (2011) 316–319. [4] J.C. M’Peko, J.S.C. Francis, R. Raj, Impedance spectroscopy and dielectric properties of flash versus conventionally sintered yttria-doped zirconia electroceramics viewed at the microstructural level, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 96 (2013). [5] R. Raj, M. Cologna, J.S.C. Francis, Influence of externally imposed and internally generated electrical fields on grain growth, diffusional creep, sintering and related phenomena in ceramics, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 94 (2011) 1941–1965. [6] J.M. Lebrun, C.S. Hellberg, S.K. Jha, W.M. Kriven, A. Steveson, K.C. Seymour, N. Bernstein, S.C. Erwin, R. Raj, In-situ measurements of lattice expansion related to defect generation during flash sintering, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 100 (2017) 4965–4970. * Current address: Institute of Energy Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona 08019, Spai