Associating long-term γ-ray variability with the superorbital period of LS I + 61◦ 303

Gamma-ray binaries are stellar systems for which the spectral ene rgy distribu- tion (discounting the thermal stellar emission) peaks at high energie s. Detected from radio to TeV gamma rays, the γ -ray binary LS I +61 ◦ 303 is highly variable across all frequencies. One aspect of this system's variability is the modula- tion of its emission with the timescale set by the ∼ 26 . 4960-day orbital period. Here we show that, during the time of our observations, the γ -ray emission of LS I +61 ◦ 303 also presents a sinusoidal variability consistent with the previou sly- known superorbital period of 1667 days. This modulation is more pro minently seen at orbital phases around apastron, whereas it does not intr oduce a visible change close to periastron. It is also found in the appearance and d isappearance of variability at the orbital period in the power spectrum of the data . This be- havior could be explained by a quasi-cyclical evolution of the equator ial outflow of the Be companion star, whose features influence the conditions for generating gamma rays. These findings open the possibility to use γ -ray observations to study the outflows of massive stars in eccentric binary systems

THE SECOND CATALOG OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI DETECTED BY THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE

The second catalog of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) in two years of scientific operation is presented. The second LAT AGN catalog (2LAC) includes 1017 γ-ray sources located at high Galactic latitudes (|b| > 10°) that are detected with a test statistic (TS) greater than 25 and associated statistically with AGNs. However, some of these are affected by analysis issues and some are associated with multiple AGNs. Consequently, we define a Clean Sample which includes 886 AGNs, comprising 395 BL Lacertae objects (BL Lac objects), 310 flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), 157 candidate blazars of unknown type (i.e., with broadband blazar characteristics but with no optical spectral measurement yet), 8 misaligned AGNs, 4 narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1s), 10 AGNs of other types, and 2 starburst galaxies. Where possible, the blazars have been further classified based on their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) as archival radio, optical, and X-ray data permit. While almost all FSRQs have a synchrotron-peak frequency 1015 Hz. The 2LAC represents a significant improvement relative to the first LAT AGN catalog (1LAC), with 52% more associated sources. The full characterization of the newly detected sources will require more broadband data. Various properties, such as γ-ray fluxes and photon power-law spectral indices, redshifts, γ-ray luminosities, variability, and archival radio luminosities and their correlations are presented and discussed for the different blazar classes. The general trends observed in 1LAC are confirmed