Bilateral Dentigerous Cyst: An Unusual Case Report and Review of Literature

Dentigerous cysts are the most common developmental cysts of the jaws, most frequently associated with impacted mandibular third molar teeth. Bilateral dentigerous cysts are rare and occur typically in association with a developmental syndrome. The reported occurrence of bilateral dentigerous cysts in the absence of a syndrome is rare and, to date, only 17 cases have been described. The following is a report of a case of unusual bilateral nonsyndromic dentigerous cysts associated with developing mandibular second premolars and a review of literature

Comparison Between Conventional Radiography and 3D Volumetric Imaging for Location of Mandibular Canal: In Vivo Study

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the visibility and location of mandibular canal in the mandibular posteriors using orthopantomography and digitalized volumetric tomography. Material and Methods: Twenty-five patients were included in the study with mandibular posterior edentulous areas, where visibility and location of mandibular canal was assessed using orthopantomography and digitalized volumetric tomography. Both parameters were assessed at the mental foramen, at 1 cm, 2 cm, and 3 cm posterior to mental foramen. Results: The results obtained showed that the mandibular canal was more clearly visible at the mental foramen at 1 cm and 2 cm posterior to the mental foramen using digitalized volumetric tomography, which was statistically significant (P = 0.000). At 3 cm posterior to the mental foramen the visibility of the mandibular canal did not differ among the techniques (P = 0.297). The location of the mandibular canal was obtained in superoinferior dimension in orthopantomography and superoinferior and buccolingual dimension was measured in digitalized volumetric tomography where the mandibular canal was located more inferiorly and lingually in mandible. Conclusion: Digitalized volumetric tomography ( DVT) is advantageous than orthopantomography (OPG) for visibility and location of mandibular canal. The precise location of the mandibular would help in planning for implant placement and other interventions in mandibular posteriors

Comparison between conventional radiograph and 3D volumetric radiograph for determining the morphology and morphometry of mental foramen

Objective: Mental foramen is a vital anatomical structure in human mandible as they are important for dental surgeons for extraction, implant placement, osteotomy procedures, anesthetists in nerve block, and surgical procedures to avoid injury to neurovascular bundle in mental foramen area. The aim of this study was to compare the position, shape, size, and distinctness of mental foramen using orthopantomogram (OPG) and digitalized volumetric tomography (DVT). Materials and Method: This study was conducted on 25 individuals for both the genders. Position, shape, size, and distinctness of mental foramen were compared using OPG and DVT and were evaluated by Expert three-dimensional (3D) software in DVT and Annotation software in OPG. Results: Mental foramen was found to be on the vicinity of the second premolar region with respect to apices of premolars and molars and was more common in the middle third region of the jaw bone with respect to superoinferior cortex of the mandible in vertical plane. There was no significant difference in the position of the mental foramen using OPG and DVT. The commonest shape of mental foramen was found to be oval and was better defined in DVT. The size of the mental foramen was observed to be 0.49 ± 0.05 and 0.51 ± 0.06 cm in OPG and DVT, respectively, and more distinctly visible in DVT. There was no significant difference in the position, shape, size, and distinctness of the mental foramen among genders. Conclusion: Conventional radiography can be initially done for the position of the mental foramen but the details must be confirmed using 3D volumetric radiography to avoid any kind of procedural complications

"Dentigerous Cyst - Report of two unusual cases"

The dentigerous cyst is the second most common type of odontogenic cyst. Dentigerous cyst originates after the crown of tooth has been completely fonned, by accumulation of fluid between reduced enamel epithelium and tooth 1 crown. The cyst is always associated initially with the crown of impacted, embedded or unerupted tooth. The most common sites are mandibular and maxillary third molars and maxillary canine." In this article two cases of dentigerous cysts involving maxilla with unusual presentations are discussed

Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor: Case Reports and Review of Literature

The lesion traditionally known as odontogenic keratocyst has been renamed by WHO in 2005, as "keratocystic" odontogenic tumor as it is more appropriate and reflects its potential for local, destructive behavior. It is a benign intraosseous neoplasm of jaw, which is unusual due to its characteristic histopathological and clinical features, including potentially aggressive behavior, high recurrence rate and association with the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of proper diagnosis of keratocystic odontogenic tumor in order to prevent the recurrence due to improper surgical excision of the lesion

Correlation of mandibular radiomorphometric indices with serum calcium and serum estradiol in pre- and post-menopausal women

Background: Osteoporosis is a disease that is seen commonly with increasing age. The purpose of this study was to compare the bone quality of pre- and post-menopausal women using the quantitative indices determined by measurements on panoramic radiographs (mental index, inferior and superior panoramic mandibular indices, antegonion index [AGI], and gonion index) and to determine the effects of serum calcium and serum estradiol levels on alveolar bone loss. Materials and Methods: Sixty female patients in the age group of 25–55 years were included in the study. The patients were divided into three equal groups, i.e., control Group A (twenty - premenopausal women), study Group B (twenty - postmenopausal women with healthy periodontium), study Group C (twenty - postmenopausal women with periodontitis). Quantitative indices were measured on digital panoramic radiographs of the patients and serum calcium and estradiol levels were determined. Results: Correlation of serum calcium with radiomorphometric indices of all the groups showed statistically nonsignificant differences. On correlating mean estradiol levels with radiographic indices of patients of Group A and Group B showed statistically nonsignificant differences. On correlating mean estradiol levels with radiographic indices of patients of Group C patients showed statistically significant difference with positive correlation with cortical width (P = 0.04) and AGI (P = 0.02) while statistically nonsignificant correlation with other indices. The statistical tests used for the analysis of the result were one-way ANOVA, multiple comparison Tukey test, Chi-square test, Student's t-test. Conclusion: There is a little evidence of correlation of these indices with serum estradiol and calcium levels, and therefore, detailed further research about this correlation is required

Comparative study of cone-beam computed tomography and multislice computed tomography in the radiographic evaluation of cysts and tumors of the jaws

Aim and Objectives: To assess the efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in comparison with multislice-computed tomography (MSCT) in the radiographic evaluation of cysts and tumors of the jaws. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 25 subjects diagnosed histopathologically with cysts or tumors of the jaws. They were subjected to MSCT and CBCT. The image pairs obtained were compared for diagnostic quality and dimensional accuracy. Also radiation monitoring was done with a newly devised calculative method. Statistics: Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out for all the groups in this study. The Kappa coefficient (k) for intraclass agreement was used for evaluating the scorings given by the evaluator for the diagnostic quality of the image. Results: A total of 28 lesions were found in 25 subjects. The diagnostic quality assessment suggested that the appearance of the internal structure and the soft tissue resolution of CBCT were inferior to MSCT. The radiation dosages from CBCT were noticeably less than MSCT. The dimensional accuracy of CBCT images was found to match those of the MSCT images. Conclusion: The results from the present study showed that CBCT could provide an image with MSCT-comparable diagnostic quality and accuracy, with a lesser radiation dose and risk, at a lower cost