Improved Mask R-CNN Segmentation for Contour Extraction of Individual Cattle from an Image

Forest species recognition has typically been approached as a texture classification problem and investigated by employing conventional texturing techniques like Local Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Procedures have been the subject of current research for classification issues, with cutting-edge technique outcomes for object recognition and other activities, but are not yet commonly employed for texture problems. Several forest datasets, including one with macroscopic photos and another with microscopic images, are examined in this process to see how deep learning strategy, more specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), may be used to classify textures. Given the better resolution photos of these issues, we provide a strategy that can deal with them in order to get excellent accuracy and steer clear of the load of training and constructing an architecture with a lot of free parameters. On the first dataset, the suggested CNN-based technique superior to cutting-edge technology, which achieves an accuracy of 95.77%. It surpasses the best reported result of 93.2% on the dataset of microscopic pictures, achieving 97.32%

A Machine Learning-based Approach for Network Traffic Analysis and Management

For a network to function properly and remain secure, network traffic management and analysis are essential. In this field, machine learning-based techniques have demonstrated considerable potential by offering precise and effective network traffic analysis and anomaly detection. In this research, we offer a machine learning-based methodology for network traffic monitoring and management. This method analyses network data and identifies network anomalies using a variety of machine learning methods. Using the NSL-KDD dataset and other machine learning methods, such as decision trees, SVM, neural networks, and random forests, we assess the effectiveness of our strategy. The outcomes of our tests show how successful our suggested strategy is, with high accuracy rates and low false positive rates. In numerous network management and security applications, our suggested approach beats cutting-edge machine learning-based algorithms for network traffic analysis and management. The suggested strategy offers a positive perspective for improving network administration and security through machine learning

A study of ultrasonographic transcerebellar diameter in assessment of fetal gestational age

Background: Accurate assessment of gestational age is of paramount importance for the clinician to impart holistic antenatal care and is also essential prerequisite to plan the various clinical tests and interventions. Ultrasound (USG) morphometric measurements of fetal parts have been used to assess gestational age of the fetus with improved accuracy. The present study aims at comparing the ultrasonographic measurement of transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) with other previously established fetal ultrasound biometric parameters, to study its role in patients of suspected intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and to study ultrasonographic appearance of fetal cerebellum with advancing gestational age.Methods: A total of 153 pregnant women who were referred for antenatal ultrasound examination were divided into two groups-Group I had 137 healthy pregnant women with normal fetuses between 14-40 weeks of gestation and Group II had 16 patients suspected to have IUGR clinically.Results: In group I, there was a curvilinear relationship between TCD and BPD, TCD and HC, TCD and AC and TCD and FL with correlation coefficients being 0.9810, 0.9181, 0.9649 and 0.9513 respectively. In group II, TCD correlated with gestational age predicted by last menstrual period. The remaining biometric parameters in group-II predicted a fetus of much earlier grade. The study findings also suggested a gradual and steady change in ultrasonographic appearances of cerebellum with advancing gestation.Conclusions: Ultrasonographic measurement of TCD shows excellent correlation with advancing gestational age and with other previously established biometric parameters. TCD can serve as an independent and reliable indicator of gestational age and a standard against which aberrations in fetal growth may be compared

Simple vs ugly adnexal lesions: is ultrasonography alone good enough?

Background: Ultrasound (USG) is easily available and effective imaging modality for adnexal lesions. A simple looking lesion on ultrasound is usually benign and an ugly looking adnexal lesion is either benign or malignant. This study aims to evaluate the varied appearance of simple and ugly benign adnexal lesions on USG and to find out any additional role of colour Doppler in such suspected benign lesions. The confirmation of diagnosis was done either by follow up appearance of lesions on USG or by histopathological evaluation.Methods: A total of 55 consecutive female patients with age between 18 to 50 years were enrolled in this prospective cross sectional study. USG and colour Doppler for all the lesions were done. The patients found to have malignant lesions on histopathological examination, were later excluded from the analysis. Follow up USG was done for all the cases. Those cases wherein there was no resolution of lesions even after 08 weeks, were given an option to undergo laparoscopy as next management step.Results: Out of 50 benign adnexal masses, 88% masses were ovarian in origin and 12% were tubal masses. Ovarian masses included hemorrhagic cysts, endometriosis, simple cysts, serous cystadenomas and ovarian dermoid. All extra-ovarian masses were hydrosalpinx. Colour Doppler did not add any additional finding. Some of the patients underwent diagnostic laparoscopy followed by excision of masses in majority of them.Conclusions: Benign adnexal lesions can have varied appearance ranging from simple to ugly on USG. Ultrasonographic features of benign lesions on USG can be appreciated very well even without further use of colour Doppler or cross sectional imaging. Follow up USG remains key modality for benign adnexal masses in absence of MRI

Design and Implementation of 2D Spatial Filter for EEG and MRI Segmentation

The Electroencephalography (EEG) of brain field continues to be an attractive tool in clinical practice due to its real time depiction of brain function .The aim of this paper is to give a review of digital image segmentation technique .This paper study and implements the different types of 2D spatial filter(weighted, smoothening ,derivative) for EEG segmentation . Paper focuses on developing an automated system to enhance and recover the corrupted EEG signal images and MRI images with the help of 2D spatial filter and it also helps in early and accurate diagnosis of brain tumour. It ensures fast and reliable detection and formal resolution of deformed images by implementing noise addition and removal, edge detection, cropping, histogram adjustment, scale conversion as required by the image. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15053

Magnetic resonance imaging of post traumatic knee: injury pattern analysis in sports activities

Background: Musculoskeletal injuries of knee are commonly encountered in sportsmen during sports activities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for evaluation of traumatic knee injuries and arthroscopic interventions. By knowing the pattern and burden of surgically significant injuries in sportsmen, the artificial intelligence (AI) software may be developed accordingly so that surgically significant injuries may be identified by the young radiologists. Methods: It was a retrospective study on MRI for knee injuries in sportsmen. The digital data from Radiology department at a zonal level hospital was analysed. The MRI findings were correlated with the arthroscopic records available. For surgically insignificant injuries, the literature was referred for the typical MRI findings of the injuries. Results: Of 272 cases of MRI knee, 74.3% cases were detected to have acute traumatic injuries. Among various types of injuries found in this study, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear (55.9%) was the commonest injury followed by medial meniscal tear (40%). 40 (19.8%) cases were found to have surgically significant MRI findings which were subsequently corroborated with knee arthroscopy.Conclusions: Since majority of soft tissue injuries of knee constitute ACL and meniscal tears, the industries involved in developing AI software for soft tissue injuries of knee, should primarily focus on identification of ACL and meniscal injuries. The AI software may also be helpful for the young radiologists in early training days in MRI for knee injuries and may also help in big scale research projects of post traumatic MRI knees

Impact and outcome of cardiac diseases in pregnancy

Background: Present study done to study incidence, effect of pregnancy on cardiac disease and vice-versa and feto-maternal outcome in patients with cardiac disease in pregnancy at tertiary care hospital.Methods: It’s a retrospective observational study conducted in Department of OBGY at tertiary care hospital between 01 June 2019 to 31 May 2020. 28 cases of cardiac disease out of 8659 patients registered included in the study. Demographic data like age, parity, etiological factors of cardiac disease, mode of delivery, neonatal outcome noted from case records.Results: In study, 32% were unregistered cases and 10.7% had never sought any medical care before. Majority (53.6%) cases belonged to 20-25 years. Heart disease noted to be more in primipara (35.7%). 71.4% belonged to NYHA class 1+2 and had a relatively uneventful peripartum period. Majority (53.6%) patients had rheumatic valvular disease. Cases of Congenital heart disease were17.8%, pulmonary artery hypertension was 25%, Maternal mortality were 2(7.2%). 46.5% women delivered with caesarean section. PIH (18%) and anemia (7.2%) were most commonly associated conditions. 85.6% women delivered live newborns and full term, pre-term deliveries and IUGR were 71.4%, 17.8% and 10.7% respectively.Conclusions: Rheumatic origin is the most common cardiac disease associated with pregnancy. The availability of early diagnostic techniques and reference to tertiary care centre, timely admission and close monitoring of patient and delivery with multidisciplinary approach include specialized cardiologic care, high risk obstetric support and neonatology expertise can minimize feto-maternal morbidity and mortality. Pre-conceptional counselling, regular antenatal check-ups and contraceptive advice must be included in counselling part

How to Improve Food Security and Farming Systems by Using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)

According to a survey approximate 925 million people do not have enough food to eat. So it is a challenge to secure food as well as produce enough to fulfil all needs. A person can live without other necessities but cannot live without food. The food security refers to the ability of food systems to ensure that everyone has enough food to live a healthy life.  A household is considered food-secure when its occupants do not live in hunger or fear of starvation. There are many reasons behind this, due to poor farming system, export restrictions, panic buying, increased farming for use in bio-fuels, global population growth, climate change, loss of agricultural land to residential and industrial development, and growing consumer demand in largest populated country such as China and India are claimed to have pushed up the price of grain. Some other factors which also cause food shortage, the agricultural productivity; soil health, water security, and food quality in storage and distribution are identified as the primary determinants of food security. So in this paper we have discussed how to secure food and enhance farming system by using Wireless Sensors Networks (WSN). Keywords: WSN, Food Security, Developing Countries, Agriculture, Farming System, Management, IC

Design and Study of QWT FED Microstrip Patch Antenna at 6.5 Ghz Application

We design the QWT fed micro strip patch antenna at 6.5 GHz application. The first stage is to design square shaped patch Antenna and feeding is done with the QWT feed to match the impedance of 50 ohm. In the simple rectangular microstrip patch, two slots in the patch have been made. The two slots have been made along two corners of the patch. The parametric changes provide the result for 6.5 GHz applications. The frequency 6.5 GHz is chosen because the frequency gives extremely high performance i.e the return loss response exhibiting the characteristic three transformation zeros exceeds 40 dB

Implementation and Applications of Various Feeding Techniques Using CST Microwave StudioÂ

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