Pneumonia pada Anak

Pneumonia is the leading cause of death among children worldwide. It causes more death than any other diseases, even AIDS and malaria. One of five children under the age of five died of pneumonia and over two million children around the world died of it each year.Pneumonia generally caused by infection, lungs become inflamed and congested, reducing oxygen exchangeandleading to cough and breathlessness.. In developed countries, deaths from pneumonia have been reduced by improvements in living conditions, air quality and nutrition. In the developing world today, many deaths from pneumonia are also preventable by immunization.Key words: children, pneumonia, immunization

Inveksi Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) dan Pencegahannya pada Remaja dan Dewasa Muda

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a significant source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The primary risk factors for aquiring HPV are generally associated with sexual activity.  Evidence suggest that condoms provide some protection against infection and disease progression, but any genital contact is sufficient for HPV transmission.  Having more than one sexual partner often result in HPV infection.  All sexually active adolescents are at high risk for aquiring HPV.  Persistent infection with high-risk HPV types (e.g HPV 16 or 18) is considered necessary for the development cervical cancer.  Most infection are asymptomatic and are efficiently cleared by he immune system.  The lesions that caused by HPV can regress in adolescent and young adult women.  A small percentage of adolescents will develop precancerous lesions that may progress to invasive cervical cancer.  Adolescents should be given appropriate education about HPV and the dangers associated with infection.  Vaccination for HPV infection should be given for presexually active children and adolescents.Key words: human papilloma virus, adolescent, cervical cancer, vaccination.

HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA PADA PESERTA POSYANDU LANSIA DI KAMPUNG PUTALI DISTRIK EBUNGFAUW KABUPATEN JAYAPURA

Riset Kesehatan Dasar pada tahun 2018 tentang proporsi kolesterol total meningkat seiring meningkatnya usia, tertinggi pada kelompok usia 55-56 tahun. Proporsi kolesterol total yang tinggi lebih banyak ditemukan pada perempuan (9,9%) dibandingkan laki-laki (5,4%). Adanya transisi usia akan diikuti juga oleh transisi epidemiologi ke arah penyakit degeneratif, maka perlu dilakukan upaya untuk identifikasi dalam upaya mencegah, mengobati dan mengurangi risiko lansia terpapar oleh penyakit tersebut. Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kadar kolesterol lansia berdasarkan umur dan jenis kelamin. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis kadar kolesterol lansia berdasarkan umur dan jenis kelamin. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Posyandu Lansia Kampung Putali Distrik Ebungfauw Kabupaten Jayapura. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta Posyandu lansia dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 119 lansia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling sehingga terdapat 100 responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan uji distribusi frekuensi jenis kelamin, laki-laki mengalami hiperkolesterolemia sebesar 45,8% sedangkan perempuan sebanyak 61%. Berdasarkan usia, mayoritas responden mengalami hiperkolesterolemia yaitu sebanyak 56%. Usia 56-83 Tahun adalah usia yang paling tinggi mengalami hiperkolesterolemia. Kesimpulan mayoritas lansia mengalami hiperkolesterolemia dengan jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah perempuan dan usia terbanyak adalah 56 Tahun.

Analisis Jumlah Sel Eritrosit Darah Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Strain Wistar Sebelum dan Setelah Perlakuan Ekstrak Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus)

The aim of this research was to measure the differences amount of erythrocytes in the blood of the rat (Rattus norvegicus) strain wistar before and after been given of the extract of the red fruid (Pandanus conoideus).  This was a pre experiment with The One Group Pre Test – Post Test only design, the extract of red fruit (P. conoideus) was the  independent variable and the dependent variable was the amount erythrocyte in rat blood. After the acclimatisation program in 7 days, the blood of this 20 rats were taken to measure the erythrocytes. For the next 7 days, all of the rats were given the extract of red fruit per oral by the sonde 5m/bb.  The blood were taken again to measure the erythrocytes again, in the day after the last given of the extract of red fruit. The data were tabulated for normality test with Shapiro-wilk (SPSS v.24), homogeneity test, Levene test, and followed by Paired T-Test. The results were show that the mean of the erythrocyte before given the extract of red fruit was 5.54 x 106/mm3 and after that was 7.65 x 106/mm3.  Key words: R. novergicus, P. conoideus, erythrocyte

Pengaruh Pemberian Etanol Peroral terhadap Berat Testis Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus Strain Wistar)

Alcohol (ethanol) has long been used as liquor. In some areas in Indonesia, the use of ethanol is an insaperable part of family rites and traditional festivities.  However, due to its serious consequences, alcoholism becomes a chronic social problem. Ethanol effects the metabolism in body organs and tissues, including male reproductive organ. The objective of this study was to prove that ethanol comsumption may reduce the weight of testis. This study used Posttest Only Group Design with experimental animals of 30 male rats (Wistar strain Rattus norvegicus) that were subjected in five types of treatment, i.e,(1) feeding with aquades 2ml/day as control group (2) feeding with 10% 1 gr/Kg/day of ethanol, (3) feeding with 10% 3gr/Kg/day of ethanol, (4) feeding with 30% 1 gr/Kg/day of ethanol and (5) feeding with 30% 3 gr/Kg/day of ethanol. Treatment was given daily for 45 days. At the end of the study, on the day 46th, the rats was sacrified for examination. Sample of testis were taken for weight examination.  Data were analysed using Anova and when the difference was found, the analysis was followed with Least significant Difference at the level of significance of 95%. The result of this study showed that ethanol reduced the weight of testis compared to control. The results of Anova  test revealed that higher dosage and concentrations of ethanol resulted in significantly different decrease of the testis’s weight (p<0,05) compared to other dosage and other concetration. In conclusion, ethanol has effect in the reduction of the weight of the testis.Key words: ethanol, male reproduction, Rattus norvegicus, weight of testis

CURATION AND MANAGEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE THROUGH LIBRARIES

Libraries, museums and archives hold valuable collections in a variety of media, presenting a vast body of knowledge rooted in the history of human civilisation. These form the repository of the wisdom of great works by thinkers of past and the present. The holdings of these institutions are priceless heritage of the mankind as they preserve documents, ideas, and the oral and written records. To value the cultural heritage and to care for it as a treasure bequeathed to us by our ancestors is the major responsibility of libraries. The past records constitute a natural resource and are indispensable to the present generation as well as to the generations to come. Libraries preserve the documentary heritage resources for which they are primarily responsible. Any loss of such materials is simply irreplaceable. Therefore, preserving this intellectual, cultural heritage becomes not only the academic commitment but also the moral responsibility of the librarians/information scientists, who are in charge of these repositories. The high quality of the papers and the discussion represent the thinking and experience of experts in their particular fields. The contributed papers also relate to the methodology used in libraries in Asia to provide access to manuscripts and cultural heritage. The volume discusses best practices in Knowledge preservation and how to collaborate and preserve the culture. The book also deals with manuscript and archives issues in the digital era. The approach of this book is concise, comprehensively, covering all major aspects of preservation and conservation through libraries. The readership of the book is not just limited to library and information science professionals, but also for those involved in conservation, preservation, restoration or other related disciplines. The book will be useful for librarians, archivists and conservators. We thank the Sunan Kalijaga University, Special Libraries Association- Asian Chapter for their trust and their constant support, all the contributors for their submissions, the members of the Local and International Committee for their reviewing effort for making this publication possible

Laporan KKN Kelompok 01 SEMESTER GENAP TAHUN 2014/2015

Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) merupakan salah satu kegiatan pengabdian mahasiswa kepada masyarakat. Diadakannya KKN ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengalaman belajar, mengembangkan kompetensi dalam berkomunikasi dan berhubungan langsung dengan masyarakat setempat, serta memberdayakan masyarakat untuk mengelola potensi yang dimiliki guna meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat. KKN semester genap tahun 2014/2015 telah dilaksanakan oleh kelompok 01 di wilayah RW 01 Jlagran, Kelurahan Pringgokusuman, Kecamatan Gedong Tengen, Kabupaten Yogyakarta, Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Pelaksanaan KKN berlangsung selama dua bulan, yaitu terhitung mulai tanggal 28 Februari sampai dengan 30 April 2015. Mahasiswa secara langsung berinteraksi dengan masyarakat untuk mengaplikasikan ilmu dan pengetahuan yang telah di dapatkan dibangku kuliah, melalui program – program yang telah disusun baik kelompok maupun program – program individu. Dalam program yang termasuk dalam program kelompok, terbagi atas program fisik dan program nonfisik. Program fisik KKN, dikelompokkan menjadi 3 bagian, yaitu lingkungan, wirausaha dan pendidikan. Program – program yang termasuk dalam kelompok program lingkungan yaitu, pembentukan dan pengembangan posdaya, pembuatan tamanisasi holtikultura, kerja bakti bersih lingkungan, dan pembuatan profil RW melalui web dan media cetak. Program yang termasuk dalam kelompok wirausaha yaitu pelatihan pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan bank sampah. Sedangkan dalam dalam pendidikan yaitu penggalakan kesadaran masyarakat wajib belajar 12 tahun. Program non fisik dibagi menjadi kelompok wirausaha, pendidikan, dan kesehatan. Dalam kelompok wirausaha, terdapat program pelatihan usaha mandiri ibu – ibu PKK. Program kelompok pendidikan yaitu, lokakarya awal, partisipasi spesta demokrasi RW 01, festival peringan hari kartini, lokakarya akhir. Program dalam kelompok kesehatan yaitu, penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi remaja, penggalakan fresh Sunday for mom’s dan penggalakan program 3M. Berdasarkan keseluruhan program kelompok yang telah dilaksanakan, secara umum program – program dapat berjalan dengan baik dan lancar. Baik mahasiswa, masyarakat, maupun warga masyarakat setempat memperoleh manfaat dari program-program yang telah dilaksanakan