Configuración de fisuras en Y-FSZ

La microdureza Vickers de monocristales de 4.5 mol % de Y-PSZ ha sido estudiada hasta temperaturas de 1000QC. Se utilizaron dos clases de muestras: brutas de fabricación y sometidas a un tratamiento de recocido (envejecido) a 1600 "C durante 150 horas. Las partículas tetragonales se desarrollan en toda la muestra, alcanzan tamaños de hasta 1 micra durante el recocido y no se transforman en monoclínico durante el enfriamiento debido a que la temperatura de transformación (Ms) es inferior a la temperatura ambiente. Las indentaciones sobre planos (100) en muestras brutas de fabricación vienen acompañadas por fisuras para temperaturas menores de 600 "C. Por encima de esta temperatura la activación de dislocaciones se hace muy importante controlando el comportamiento mecánico del material. La fisuración es inexistente en muestras recocidas debido a la transformación tenaz

Uso de la espectroscopía Raman en la determinación de fases en Y-PSZ monocristalino

Se ha estudiado la estabilidad de la fase tetragonal en monocristales de Zr02 parcialmente estabilizados con 3,4; 4,7 y 6,3% mol de Y2O3 mediante espectroscopia Raman, tratados térmicamente a 1.600ºC hasta 1.000 horas. Estos resultados se han comparado con observaciones microestructurales realizadas mediante microscopía electrónica de transmisión, lo que ha permitido determinar el tiempo óptimo de envejecimiento y detectar el efecto debido al proceso de preparación de muestras.The phase stability of 3.4, 4.7, and 6.3% mol Y2O3 partially stabilized zirconia single crystals have been studied by Raman spectroscopy, with thermal treatment of length up to 1.000 hours. These results have been compared with the microstructural observations using transmission electron microscopy. This comparison has allowed us to determine the peakaged time for this alloy and the effect of sample preparation on the transformation

Estructura de dislocaciones en ZRO2 totalmente estabilizado deformado a alta temperatura

Se ha estudiado por microscopía electrónica de transmisión la microestructura de deformación a altas temperaturas (1.300-1.550°C) de monocristales de Zr02-Y203 totalmente estabilizados. La variación observada en la su-bestructura de dislocaciones corresponde a un cambio en el mecanismo que controla el estado estacionario de deformación plástica, gobernado por un proceso de subida a las temperaturas más altas.Dislocation structure in YjOj-stabilized Zr02 single crystals deformed at high temperature (1.300-1.550°C) has been studied by TEM. A change in the dislocation substructure has been observed, which can be correlated with the macroscopic creep law parameters. It suggests a change in the mechanism controlling the plastic behavior; dislocation climb is the primary mechanism of recovery at higher temperatures

Evaluación preclínica del Obtudent-FC. Ensayo de irritación pulpar en perros

Entre los biomateriales más utilizados en la práctica estomatológica se encuentran las resinas dentales, muchas de las cuales se confeccionan a base de sistemas poliméricos, que se colocan en contacto con el tejido inmediatamente después de mezclados, por lo cual existe la peculiaridad de que, uno o más componentes del mismo migren al tejido en cuestión, y provoque respuestas locales irritantes o tóxicas de índole sistémica. Ocupan un lugar preferente en este tipo de materiales los dimetilmetacrilatos aromáticos tipo Bis-GMA. Este es el caso del OBTUDENT-FC, producido por el Centro de Biomateriales de la Universidad de La Habana, resina fotopolimerizable para restauraciones dentales. La mayoría de los materiales dentales compuestos de sistemas poliméricos han demostrado efectos tóxicos cuando se ensayan en animales de experimentación, así como mediante otros estudios toxicológicos, por lo cual se realiza el presente estudio preclínico en perros Beagle adultos y sanos, a los cuales se les practicaron obturaciones con el material de referencia, así como con un material comercial conocido, y controles positivos y negativos, siendo evaluados los efectos tóxicos de los mismos en tres períodos de tiempo. El grado de toxicidad pulpar del OBTUDENT-FC se evalúa de muy ligero , coincidiendo con el de la resina comercial DEGUFILL, siendo sólo ligeramente superior a la del CONTROL NEGATIVO.Palabras Clave: Resinas dentales Bis-GMA, Obtudent-FC, Evaluación preclínica, Irritación pulpar, Hallazgos histomorfológicos, Toxicidad . </p

Peri-Implant Behavior of Sloped Shoulder Dental Implants Used for All-On-Four Protocols: An Histomorphometric Analysis in Dogs

This is the peer reviewed versión of the following article: "Peri-Implant Behavior of Sloped Shoulder Dental Implants Used for All-On-Four Protocols: An Histomorphometric Analysis in Dogs", which has been published in final form at [doi:10.3390/ma11010119],. This article May be used for non-comercial pipotes in accordance with Wiley Terms an Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.Odontologí

Solar decathlon latino América y Caribe. Cali 2015 (Colombia), Proyecto AURA

Solar Decathlon Latin America and the Caribbean 2015 will take place in the city of Cali, Colombia. Coming from North America and after the European and Asian editions, now the competition for sustainable housing arrives Latin America. ‘Solar Decathlon’ is an international competition inviting students around the world from universities specialized in Engineering, Architecture, Urban Design, Renewable Energies and related careers to participate on creating, building and operating Self-sustaining social solutions, run by solar power. In addition to the founding principles of the original Solar Decathlon, the SD LAC2015 Organization has decided to focus on the following four components, which will be fundamental to the proposals in order to adapt them to tropical climate and cultural conditions. The components are: 1. Social Housing: As social inequality is one of the most pressing issues in Latin America and the Caribbean, the Solar Decathlon should strive to prove that sustainable housing based on alternative energy sources can be accessible to the population at large, prioritizing dense urban areas where most of the population is living. 2. Density: Nowadays, most of the population lives in cities where building areas are increasingly scarce and expensive. Moreover, denser housing solutions can help minimize the environmental impact. Consequently, the SD LAC2015 will favour projects that optimize the architectural and urban footprint. 3. Rational Use of Environmental Resources: The vast majority of the Latin American population lives in the tropics, enjoying high solar radiation all year long and exceptional availability of water sources. 4. Regional Relevance: The SD LAC2015 embraces the goal of developing and promoting ideas, capacities and technologies that can be implemented for the benefit of the inhabitants of the LAC region. The actual construction of prototypes will take place in the ‘Universidad del Valle’ campus. The competition combines both theoretical and practical knowledge considering projects must be built on real scale and be tested on 10 different contests. The hisCali team, from the Sevilla University, will take part in competition together with the ‘University of Santiago de Cali’, and with the support of the IUACC and the official masters of Innovation and Sustainability, both from the Sevilla University.El Decatlón Solar para América Latina y el Caribe - SD LAC2015 – se llevará a cabo en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia, convirtiéndose en la primera sede de esta versión del concurso, tras la primigenia norteamericana y las sucesivas versiones europeas y asiáticas. "Solar Decathlon" es un concurso internacional que invita a los estudiantes de las universidades especializadas en arquitectura, diseño urbano, energías renovables y carreras afines a que participen en el diseño, la construcción y la operación de soluciones de vivienda auto-sostenibles y energéticamente eficientes para contribuir a la mitigación del cambio climático a través de la implantación de tecnologías limpias. Los proyectos que se presentan a este concurso deben seguir un esquema reglamentario específico que se adapta a las condiciones climáticas y culturales de la región presentando propuestas de viviendas sociales como soluciones de impacto positivo para la región. 1. Vivienda Social: Debido a las circunstancias de desigualdad social y económica que enfrenta la región de América Latina y del Caribe, SDLAC2015 se presenta como un espacio dinámico de elaboración de propuestas y construcción de soluciones reales que impacten de manera positiva a la comunidad. 2. Densidad: Como consecuencia del desplazamiento masivo de la población hacia la zona urbana, una de las características de diseño y distribución que debe tenerse en cuenta para las construcciones del futuro es la densidad. 3. Uso Racional de Recursos del Medio Ambiente: La mayoría de la población de América Latina y del Caribe vive en la zona tropical, enfrentando emisiones de radiación solar a lo largo del año y una disponibilidad excepcional de las fuentes de agua. 4. Relevancia Regional: La meta será desarrollar ideas y tecnologías que beneficien a los habitantes de la región. El campus de la Universidad del Valle, en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia, es el escenario escogido para llevar a cabo la construcción real de los prototipos diseñados por cada equipo participante que serán evaluados en 10 pruebas diferentes a lo largo de la competencia. A esta convocatoria de Solar Decathlon Latino América y Caribe 2015, se presenta el equipo hísCali, con profesores de áreas de conocimiento de la Universidad de Sevilla tales como Construcción, Urbanismo, Proyectos, Estructuras, Derecho, Economía, Matemática Aplicada y Bellas Artes, junto con la Universidad de Santiago de Cali y con el apoyo del IUACC y los másteres de Innovación y de Sostenibilidad, ambos asimismo de la Universidad de Sevilla

MAFB shapes human monocyte-derived macrophage response to SARS-CoV-2 and controls severe COVID-19 biomarker expression

22 p.-6 fig.1 graph. abst.Monocyte-derived macrophages, the major source of pathogenic macrophages in COVID-19, are oppositely instructed by macrophage CSF (M-CSF) or granulocyte macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), which promote the generation of antiinflammatory/immunosuppressive MAFB+ (M-MØ) or proinflammatory macrophages (GM-MØ), respectively. The transcriptional profile of prevailing macrophage subsets in severe COVID-19 led us to hypothesize that MAFB shapes the transcriptome of pulmonary macrophages driving severe COVID-19 pathogenesis. We have now assessed the role of MAFB in the response of monocyte-derived macrophages to SARS-CoV-2 through genetic and pharmacological approaches, and we demonstrate that MAFB regulated the expression of the genes that define pulmonary pathogenic macrophages in severe COVID-19. Indeed, SARS-CoV-2 potentiated the expression of MAFB and MAFB-regulated genes in M-MØ and GM-MØ, where MAFB upregulated the expression of profibrotic and neutrophil-attracting factors. Thus, MAFB determines the transcriptome and functions of the monocyte-derived macrophage subsets that underlie pulmonary pathogenesis in severe COVID-19 and controls the expression of potentially useful biomarkers for COVID-19 severity.This work was supported by grant PID2020-114323RB-I00 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación to ALC; “Ayudas FUNDACIÓN BBVA a equipos de investigación científica SARS-CoV-2 y COVID-19” to MAV and ALC; Dirección General de Innovación e Investigación Tecnológica de la Comunidad de Madrid (RETARACOVID, P2022/BMD-7274) to ALC, APK, EFR, and RD; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant PI20/00316 to APK, grant PI2100989 to RD, grant PI22/00428 to EFR); Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (RICORS RD21/0002/0034) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund “A way to achieve Europe” (ERDF) and PRTR to APK; European Commission Horizon 2020 FP (Project VIRUSCAN FETPROACT-2016: ID 731868); Horizon Europe FP (Project EPIC-CROWN-2 ID: 101046084); and Fundación Caixa-Health Research (Project StopEbola HR18-00469) to RD. This research was also funded by the European Commission – NextGenerationEU (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC’s Global Health Platform (PTI Salud Global). MSF was funded by a Formación de Personal Investigador predoctoral fellowship from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grant PRE2018-083396). ERV was funded by a Rio-Hortega grant CM19/00149 from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and cofunded by the ERDF. SFDCO was funded by the PREDINMUN-COVID Grant (Fondo Supera COVID-19 from Banco de Santander and CRUE) and PDW by PI19/00096.Peer reviewe

Detection of dengue virus serotype 2 in aedes aegypti in Quintana Roo, Mexico, 2011

Abstract. In October 2011, the State Health Department announced that several laboratory-confirmed cases of dengue had occurred among residents in two neighborhoods of Benito Juarez, Quintana Roo State, Mexico. To identify the dengue virus serotype(s) temporally and spatially associated with the cases, entomologic-based virus surveillance was initiated in October 2011 in both neighborhoods. Adult mosquitoes were collected from 88 houses by CDCbackpack aspirator, and all female Aedes aegypti L. (n = 419) were individually homogenized and assayed in pools of as many as 10 by reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using dengue virus-specific primers. Five (12%) of 41 pools were positive for dengue virus RNA. The individual mosquitoes that comprised the pools were analyzed separately by RT-PCR using dengue virus serotype-specific primers. Six mosquitoes were positive for dengue virus serotype-2 (DENV-2) RNA, three of which were collected in the same house. The mean number of female Ae. aegypti collected in each house was 4.76 ± 6.19. The overall dengue virus-infection rate in female Ae. aegypti was 1.4%. Interestingly, most (60%) of mosquito females were collected only from 15 (17%) houses. In summary, we provide evidence of recent DENV-2 transmission in Quintana Roo State

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Normothermic regional perfusion vs. super-rapid recovery in controlled donation after circulatory death liver transplantation

[Background & Aims] Although there is increasing interest in its use, definitive evidence demonstrating a benefit for postmortem normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) in controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) liver transplantation is lacking. The aim of this study was to compare results of cDCD liver transplants performed with postmortem NRP vs. super-rapid recovery (SRR), the current standard for cDCD.[Methods] This was an observational cohort study including all cDCD liver transplants performed in Spain between June 2012 and December 2016, with follow-up ending in December 2017. Each donor hospital determined whether organ recovery was performed using NRP or SRR. The propensity scores technique based on the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance covariates across study groups; logistic and Cox regression models were used for binary and time-to-event outcomes.[Results] During the study period, there were 95 cDCD liver transplants performed with postmortem NRP and 117 with SRR. The median donor age was 56 years (interquartile range 45–65 years). After IPTW analysis, baseline covariates were balanced, with all absolute standardised differences <0.15. IPTW-adjusted risks were significantly improved among NRP livers for overall biliary complications (odds ratio 0.14; 95% CI 0.06–0.35, p <0.001), ischaemic type biliary lesions (odds ratio 0.11; 95% CI 0.02–0.57; p = 0.008), and graft loss (hazard ratio 0.39; 95% CI 0.20–0.78; p = 0.008).[Conclusions] The use of postmortem NRP in cDCD liver transplantation appears to reduce postoperative biliary complications, ischaemic type biliary lesions and graft loss, and allows for the transplantation of livers even from cDCD donors of advanced age.[Lay summary] This is a propensity-matched nationwide observational cohort study performed using livers recovered from donors undergoing cardiac arrest provoked by the intentional withdrawal of life support (controlled donation after circulatory death, cDCD). Approximately half of the livers were recovered after a period of postmortem in situ normothermic regional perfusion, which restored warm oxygenated blood to the abdominal organs, whereas the remainder were recovered after rapid preservation with a cold solution. The study results suggest that the use of postmortem normothermic regional perfusion helps reduce rates of post-transplant biliary complications and graft loss and allows for the successful transplantation of livers from older cDCD donors.Peer reviewe