Synthesis new heterocyclic compounds derived from 2-aminobenzothiazole and assessing their biological activities

This work involved two parts: the first part included synthesis of new Schiff bases from condensation of 2-aminobenzothiazole with different aldehydes in acidic medium, while and the second part included the synthesis of Oxazolidinones from reaction of the prepared Schiff bases with glycine to produce new heterocyclic. Compounds. The structure of prepared compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, FT-IR techniques and their biological activity was assessed

MoS2 nanosheets-modified screen-printed electrode for the simultaneous detection of carmoisine and tartrazine

Molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MoS2 NSs) were prepared using a solvothermal synthesis approach. The synthesized MoS2 nanosheets were used to modify a screen-printed electrode (MoS2 NSs / SPE), which was then utilized as the working electrode for the voltammetric analysis of carmoisine. The MoS2 NSs / SPE demonstrated enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of carmoisine. The oxidation peak currents of carmoisine were found to be linearly proportional to its concentration over a range of 0.1 to 400.0 μM, with a detection limit as low as 0.03 μM under optimized conditions. The MoS2 NSs / SPE also demonstrated effective performance in detecting carmoisine even when tartrazine was present, indicating its potential for simultaneous determination of both compounds. The oxidation peak potentials of the two azo dyes were sufficiently separated by 200 mV, making the MoS2 NSs / SPE suitable for the simultaneous detection of carmoisine and tartrazine using differential pulse voltammetry

Voltammetric determination of sumatriptan in the presence of naproxen using a modified screen printed electrode

Background and purpose: Sumatriptan is used to alleviate symptoms of migraine headaches, particularly during acute attacks. Naproxen is a medication that provides relief from pain, inflammation, and fever. Therefore, determination of them is important. Experimental approach: In the present work, CoMoO4 nanos¬heets were synthesized in a basic and easy way. A screen-printed graphite electrode's surface was altered using the as-prepared CoMoO4 nanosheets' high electroactivity to create a CoMoO4 nanosheets-modified screen-printed electrode (CoMoO4 NSs-SPE), which was then employed for sumatriptan's electrochemical oxidation. Due to the superior electron transfer characteristics and catalytic activity of the produced CoMoO4 nanosheets, the results demonstrated a notable improvement in sumatriptan's current responses. This study examined the electrochemical behavior of sumatriptan on the CoMoO4 NSs-SPE utilizing a number of methods, including as chronoamperometry, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Key results: With a high sensitivity of 0.0718 μA/μM and a good correlation value of 0.9998, a linear calibration curve was obtained over a broad concentration range of 0.02-600.0 μM, suggesting a strong linear connection between the concentration and the response. Based on a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, the limit of detection for sumatriptan was determined to be 0.01 μM, suggesting a high degree of sensitivity for the detection technique. DPV results showed that the CoMoO4 nanosheets-modified screen-printed electrode (CoMoO4 NSs-SPE) could detect naproxen and sumatriptan at the same time. Conclusion: The created sensor's usefulness and efficacy in real-world applications were demonstrated when it was successfully used to identify the target analytes in actual samples

Association between triglyceride-glucose index and risk of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) is a reliable alternative marker for insulin resistance. Since insulin resistance is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the TyG index and CKD using the systematic review method and meta-analysis. Material and Methods: The required sources were searched using the databases Cochrane, Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar Search Engine without a time limit. STATA 14 software was conducted for data analysis, and tests with p-values lower than 0.05 (P < 0.05) were considered statistically significant. Results: Findings from 20 research with a total of 277986 samples demonstrated that high TyG index increased the risk of CKD in the total population, female patients, and male patients by 37% (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.5), 38% (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.61), and 31% (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.50), respectively. Furthermore, high TyG levels in individuals younger than 55 and those aged 55 or higher increased the risk of CKD by 54% (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.36, 1.74) and 23% (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.32), respectively. Nevertheless, Australia (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.56, 1.81) indicated the strongest and Singapore (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.38) showed the weakest relationship between the TyG index and the risk of CKD. However, higher TyG indices increased the risk of CKD in cohort and cross-sectional studies by 35% (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.51) and 41% (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.29, 1.55), respectively. Conclusion: A high TyG index increases the risk of CKD, and women and individuals younger than 55 are the high-risk groups. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024544037) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1829) website

The relationship between metformin administration and age-related macular degeneration; a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Introduction: Vision loss due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major and growing health issue. Given that no definitive treatment is available for AMD, this study aims to evaluate the association between metformin use and AMD risk using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Materials and Methods: In this study, databases including ProQuest, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar search engines were searched without time restriction until April 20, 2024, based on PRISMA statement guidelines. Data were analyzed using STATA 14 software at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Overall, metformin administration reduced the risk of AMD (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.80, 0.94). Concerning the dosage, a metformin dose of 1-270 g per 2 years (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.90, 0.96) and 271-600 g per 2 years (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.89, 0.94) mitigated the risk of AMD. Metformin use in women increased the risk of AMD (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.18). However, no significant relationship was noticed between metformin use and AMD risk in men (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.73, 1.01). In addition, metformin was associated with a lower risk of AMD in case-control (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.89, 0.97) and cohort (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.95) studies. Likewise, metformin use was associated with a lower risk of AMD in the age groups of 50-59 years (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.58) and 70-79 years (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84, 0.97). Conclusion: Metformin administration lowered the risk of AMD by 14%. Moreover, female gender was identified as a risk factor for AMD development. However, further studies are required on this subject to reach a definite conclusion. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024539904) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1824) website