The Post-Pandemic Changes of Dark Tourism Industry

Dark tourism is a segment of tourism that has been growing in recent decades and is strongly associated with tragedy and mystery. As a result, 2020 was strongly marked by the pandemic of the new coronavirus (COVID-19). This paper presents a reflection on the role of dark tourism in the pandemic and post-pandemic period and analyses impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism industry. The paper discusses the global context of the pandemic situation that has an important impact on re-directing and tracing eventually new tourism trajectories of the (post)pandemic time. The shift that occurred in pandemic time are like catalysts for re-enforcement and raised interest into slow movements and ‘new normal’ tourism. Instead of seeking to ‘go back to business as usual’, the author argues to reconsider the trajectories that emerged during the time of the pandemic and to envisage other approaches towards more sustainable tourism

METAL PROCESSING ENTERPRISES AS THE MAIN THREAT TO ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN PANEVEŽYS

The purpose o f the article was to demonstrate the threat of metal processing to urban environmental quality and to reveal the peculiarities o f this kind o f pollution. Geochemical data o f topsoil mapping in Panevezys were used for this aim. There has been analysed the input of 16 enterprises involved in this activity to pollution o f Panevezys by Cu, Zn, Pb, Sn, Mo, Ni, Mn, Cr, Ag, Co, as well as Ba, Sr, As, P, U, B, Ga, Ti, V, Zr, Y, Sc. The content o f most elements was determined by DC Arc ES in topsoil fractio

Cultural Tourism and Cities: Kaunas Case

A feature of the modern society is the city which tries to express itself by means of social and physical environment. One of the means of expression are events whose activities engage local residents, visitors, guests, tourists, and, of course, distant spectators by means of smart global technologies. Cultural activities manifest by implementing cultural projects of various areas, starting from one-time local events, and ending with large-scale international projects. Cultural tourism is a great opportunity of urban and regional tourism development. Implementation of cultural events in cities can have impact on cultural tourism development and its planning, and can be one of the very important economic as well as sociocultural impact of tourism that manifests by created infrastructure, increasing supply of services and entertainment, and lively cultural life in cities. The work is relevant because it reveals for the first time how mega cultural events in cities are or can be an effect for cultural tourism development in cities

EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN PANEVĖŽYS ACCORDING TO CONTAMINATION LEVEL OF DUG WELLS

Part of inhabitants of Panevezys, living in the city and near LiUdyne municipal waste landfill, still consumes water from dug wells. The aim was to investigate whether they are much polluted by toxic chemical elements and what is the main reason of their pollution. Geochemical monitoring data of dug wells in 3 industrial and 2 residential districts, as well as near LiUdyne municipal waste landfill were used. Water samples were analysed by AAS for V, Co, Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb, while sediment samples - by DC arc ES and XRF for total content of wider spectrum o f elements and by AAS for speciation o f the above mentioned 6 elements. Water quality was controlled in comparison with limit values of water for consuming, while the danger o f sediment pollution - according to recommended total contamination index levels for sediments and hygienic norms for mobile forms in soil. Sediments from dug wells can be effectively used as indirect inditator of their water pollution over longer period. Contamination from point sources in Panevezys is not the main reason of dug well pollution, the leading role belongs to local pollution in their sanitary zones. Therefore good care must be taken o f them

Silurian bentonites in Lithuania: correlations based on sanidine phenocryst composition and graptolite biozonation – interpretation of volcanic source regions

Integrated correlation of bentonites (altered volcanic ashes) and graptolite biozonation is presented. Detailed study of two Lithuanian drill core sections extended previous knowledge of the occurrence and composition of bentonites to the south. Identification of graptolite species allowed bentonites to be assigned their proper stratigraphical position. Silurian bentonites in Lithuania are mostly characterized by wide and very wide XRD 201 reflections of the main component of sanidine phenocrysts. Only fourteen of the 69 samples studied contained sanidine with a sharp reflection, which gave the best correlation potential. In the Lithuanian sections one bentonite was found in the Rhuddanian, five bentonites were recognized in the Aeronian, 17 bentonites in the Telychian, 26 in the Sheinwoodian, 10 in the Homerian and six in the Ludlow. All bentonites found in Lithuania are characterized by the main component of sanidine. A large number of Lithuanian bentonites are not known in Latvia and Estonia, indicating that volcanic ashes reached the East Baltic area from two source regions – the Central European and Norwegian Caledonides

CHANGES OF ECOLOGICAL-GEOCHEMICAL STATE OF TOPSOIL AND RIVER SEDIMENTS IN VILNIUS

The changes of environmental quality were revealed according to temporal differences of additive contamination indices calculated for topsoil and sediments of N eris and V okė r ivers i n V ilnius. T opsoil contamination indices were calculated on the basis of Ag, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, V and Zn contents for 2 different periods (1985 and 1996-2002) and their comparison was realised on 237.86 sq. km territory of the first sampling. The areas, where topsoil ecological-geochemical state has worsened have been determined. Part of them with unallowable topsoil pollution level indicates the quarters, where population health risk increase is possible. Monitoring is necessary there, also health protection measures. The tendency of improvement of ecologicalgeochemical state of river sediments is observed, but potential sources of secondary pollution in sediments can be hazardous for downstream segments

Specialių žinių taikymo problemos tiriant nusikalstamų darbų saugos pažeidimų įvykius Lietuvoje.

In the article, there are analysed aspects of the appointments of main work safety technical examinations as well as aspects of tasks to carry out examination of objects connected with work safety, presentation and usage of the results in practice in Lithuania. Statistical data are analysed and presented about the 303 work safety technical examinations and conclusions of the specialist, drown up during the period of time from 2001–2004 by Technical Examination Section of Lithuanian Forensic Center as well as documents of procedural decisions concerning application of special knowledge. The main trends are highlighted on the basis of the conducted examinations. Besides, the problems of application of special knowledge are determined and discussed. Furthermore, impact of the new Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Lithuania and the new forensic law of the Republic of Lithuania upon appointment of the work safety examinations and presentation of the conclusions of specialist are analysed. Proposals and conclusions are phrased in terms of the researched items. In the article it is stated that presentation and usage of the results in practice of the appointments of work safety technical examinations and tasks to carry out examination of the objects connected with work safety in Lithuania should be improved as they incompletely correspond to the contemporary level and requirements of the law enforcement. Remarkably uneven application of special knowledge according to administrative-territorial partition is determined. Moreover, in the article it is stated that enforcement of the new Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Lithuania and change of the pre-trial investigation subject from Prosecutor’s Office to Police in the cases of violation of work safety rules, determined significant changes in the legal practice of special knowledge applications. In some cases the aforementioned changes are followed by the marked negative tendencies...Straipsnyje nagrinėjami pagrindiniai darbų saugos techninių ekspertizių skyrimo bei užduočių atlikti objektų, susijusių su darbų sauga, tyrimą pateikimo ir jų rezultatų panaudojimo praktikos Lietuvoje aspektai. Susistemintai išanalizuoti ir pateikti Lietuvos teismo ekspertizės centro Techninių ekspertizių skyriuje 2001–2004 m. atliktų darbų saugos techninių ekspertizių ir pateiktų specialisto išvadų statistikos duomenys. Remiantis atliktų tyrimų rezultatais išryškintos pagrindinės tendencijos. Išskiriamos bei aptariamos pagrindinės specialių žinių taikymo problemos. Taip pat nagrinėjama, kokią įtaką tyrinėjamų darbų saugos ekspertizių skyrimui bei specialisto išvadų pateikimui turėjo naujas Lietuvos Respublikos baudžiamojo proceso kodeksas ir Lietuvos Respublikos teismo ekspertizės įstatymas. Tiriamais klausimais suformuluoti pasiūlymai ir išvados. Konstatuojama, kad darbų saugos techninių ekspertizių skyrimo ir užduočių atlikti objektų tyrimą pateikimo ir jų rezultatų panaudojimo praktika Lietuvoje nevisiškai atitinka šiuolaikinį lygį ir teisėsaugos poreikius, todėl yra tobulintina. Specialių žinių taikymo teisinėje praktikoje, tiriant nusikalstamus darbų saugos teisės aktų reikalavimų pažeidimus, efektyvumui gerinti būtina neatidėliotinai spręsti iškilusias tiek teorinio, tiek praktinio pobūdžio problemas, ypač ikiteisminio tyrimo stadijoje

Specialių žinių taikymas tiriant nusikalstamus darbų saugos taisyklių pažeidimus.

In the article, the problems, which arose during the period of integration of the Republic of Lithuania into the structures of European Union are analysed Some of these problems during the investigation of criminal work safety rules violations require urgent solution based on special knowledge arising. There are analysed the specific features of the limits of applying and usage of special knowledge while investigating criminal acts when the requirements of work safety law acts were violated. The examination activity and the facts describing the development of Technical Examination Section of Examination Center of the Lithuanian Court were presented and discussed there in. The conclusions were drawn on the discussed issues. It is stated that during the period of integration of the Republic of Lithuania into the structures of European Union and harmonization of legal basis regulating work safety and the investigation of violations of work safety rules, legal and technical nature special knowledge usage problems are discussed.Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos kai kurios aktualiausios specialių žinių taikymo tiriant nusikalstamus darbų saugos taisyklių pažeidimus problemos, kilusios Lietuvos Respublikos integracijos į Europos Sąjungos struktūras laikotarpiu. Išanalizuota specialių žinių taikymo ribų ir jų panaudojimo tiriant nusikalstamas veikas darbų saugos teisės aktų reikalavimų pažeidimų atvejais specifika. Pateikti ir aptarti Lietuvos teismo ekspertizės centro (LTEC) Techninių ekspertizių skyriaus ekspertinę veiklą ir jos raidą apibūdinantys duomenys. Tiriamais klausimais suformuluotos išvados. Konstatuojama, kad Lietuvos Respublikai integruojantis į Europos Sąjungos struktūras bei derinant teisės aktus, reglamentuojančius darbų saugą ir nusikalstamų darbų saugos taisyklių pažeidimų tyrimą, neatidėliotinai spręstinos teisinio ir techninio pobūdžio specialių žinių taikymo problemos. Reikšminiai žodžiai: darbų sauga; specialios žinios; nusikalstama veika; darbų saugos taisyklės; pavojingas veiksnys; kenksmingas veiksnys

Pristiograptus (Graptoloidea) des biozones à perneri, radians et lundgreni (Silurien) de Lithuanie

Deux formes nouvelles de Pristiograptus dubius, appelées ici variétés "A" et "B", sont décrites et illustrées. Toutes deux ont été découvertes dans des échantillons de carottes dans un intervalle rapporté aux biozones à perneri, radians et lundgreni du Wenlock. Les carottes proviennent des forages Šiupyliai-69, Parovėja-9, Likėnai-396, Paežeriai-222 et Sutkai-87 de Lithuanie centrale et septentrionale. Les graptolites rencontrés en association : Cyrtograptus perneri BOUČEK, C. radians TÖRNQUIST, C. lundgreni TULLBERG, Monograptus flemingii flemingii (SALTER), M. testis testis (BARRANDE), Monoclimacis flumendosae (GORTANI) et Pristiograptus pseudodubius (BOUČEK) (= P. parvus), sont tous caractéristiques des biozones à perneri, radians et lundgreni du Wenlock. Deux espèces de Pristiograptus sont connues dans cet intervalle stratigraphique : P. dubius et P. lodenicensis. Chez P. dubius le développement (importance et morphologie) des lèvres aperturales des thèques le long du rhabdosome permet de le distinguer d'autres taxons autrement très voisins. La morphologie des thèques chez P. lodenicensis est distincte de celle d'un Pristiograptus typique dans la mesure où la lèvre aperturale présente une dépression médiane et s'arrondit latéralement en petits lobes.Two new forms of Pristiograptus dubius, here designated as varieties "A" and "B", are described and figured. Both were found in core samples representing the perneri through lundgreni biozones of the Wenlock epoch. The cores are from boreholes Šiupyliai-69, Parovėja-9, Likėnai-396, Paežeriai-222 and Sutkai-87 in central and northern Lithuania. The associated graptolites Cyrtograptus perneri BOUČEK, C. radians TÖRNQUIST, C. lundgreni TULLBERG, Monograptus flemingii flemingii (SALTER), M. testis testis (BARRANDE), Monoclimacis flumendosae (GORTANI) and Pristiograptus pseudodubius (BOUČEK) (= P. parvus) are all indicative of the perneri, radians and lundgreni biozones of the Wenlock. Two species of Pristiograptus occur in this time-stratigraphic interval: P. dubius and P. lodenicensis. In P. dubius the degree and manner of extension of the thecal apertural lip (thecal hood) onto the succeeding theca distinguish it from otherwise very similar taxa. The thecal morphology of P. lodenicensis differs from that of a typical Pristiograptus in that the apertural lip has a central depression and is rounded into small lobes laterally

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TILE GLAZE AS POTENTIAL SOURCE OF SOIL CONTAMINATION

The paper deals with the chemical composition of coloured glaze of 16 tiles from restored furnace of Biržai castle. It demonstrates that glaze is enriched with different elements compared to soil and therefore can be one of the multiple contamination sources of soil, especially in the old urban quarters. High variability of element contents in glaze is predetermined by its colour. However, Bi, Sb, Ag, Pb, Sn, Cu are elements-indicators of coloured glaze chemical composition. 1 g of coloured glaze added to 1 kg of soil causes at least medium level of local contamination