Pacific whiting : resource availability, market use and economic development potential : executive summary of reports on pacific whiting

"The decade of change challenging Oregon's commercial fishing industry includes the potential for development of a new fishery that could generate $86 million in income to coastal communities and up to$114 million coastwide if catches of Pacific whiting were landed and processed onshore. At the same time, the industry is also facing the loss of one of its most important and profitable fisheries, the catching of Pacific whiting for delivery to processing ships from foreign countries such as the U.S.S.R. and Japan. Both of these developments involve a small, two-pound dark gray, soft-textured fish, called Pacific whiting, or hakethe most abundant fish off the West Coast. More than half of the fish off the West Coast are whiting, making it the region's largest ocean biomass. Responding to the direction provided by the 1989 Oregon Legislature to assure the development of a Pacific whiting fishery for Oregon shore-based production as part of the state's economy, a joint public and private investigative project was begun under the direction of the Oregon Coastal Zone Management Association, Inc. (OCZMA). Resulting from that effort, this executive summary examines the feasibility of the development of a Pacific whiting fishery for Oregon." (From Preface

The allocation of health-producing resources in the Pacific Northwest

Published March 1974. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

Growth, balance, and distribution of burden in Oregon's state-local tax system

Published January 1984. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

Growth, balance, and progressivity in Oregon's state-local tax system, 1967-1983

Published October 1984. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

Contribution of the Oregon wheat industry to Oregon's economy

Published August 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

The fishing industry and Pacific coastal communities : understanding the assessment of economic impacts

People interested in economic stability or economic development in coastal communities are often interest­ed in estimating the impact of changes or proposed changes on the economy. Such changes may result from plans, policies, or projects of public agencies, or from marketing strategies of private businesses. In coastal communities where fisheries are important, changes in fish availability due to regulatory or natural causes, closures of fish processing plants, and the development of fishing vessel facilities are examples of typical changes with important impacts on local economies. Local citizens are also interested in forecasting changes in business activity, employment, population, and public service demands. Economic input/output (1/0) models are often used to estimate the impact of resource changes or to calculate the contributions of an industry to local economies. This publication is designed both as an introduction to input/output models and as a guide to the proper use of economic impact terminology. The use of economic jargon is minimized, and a glossary is included on page 9. This publication grew out of concerns about the lack of understanding and improper use of input/output (1/0) models. This lack of understanding or misuse of 1/0 models is especially troublesome in situations where groups with opposing views come up with very different estimates of economic impacts. In an attempt to clarify the use of 1/0 models, the Pacific Sea Grant College Program and the Pacific Fishery Management Council held a workshop in February 1986 to discuss 1/0 models. Participants included resource economists, fishing industry representatives, and fisheries managers. This publication is one of the products of that workshop

The Delphi Delirium Management Algorithms. A practical tool for clinicians, the result of a modified Delphi expert consensus approach

Delirium is common in hospitalised patients, and there is currently no specific treatment. Identifying and treating underlying somatic causes of delirium is the first priority once delirium is diagnosed. Several international guidelines provide clinicians with an evidence-based approach to screening, diagnosis and symptomatic treatment. However, current guidelines do not offer a structured approach to identification of underlying causes. A panel of 37 internationally recognised delirium experts from diverse medical backgrounds worked together in a modified Delphi approach via an online platform. Consensus was reached after five voting rounds. The final product of this project is a set of three delirium management algorithms (the Delirium Delphi Algorithms), one for ward patients, one for patients after cardiac surgery and one for patients in the intensive care unit.</p

NK-like homeodomain proteins activate NOTCH3-signaling in leukemic T-cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Homeodomain proteins control fundamental cellular processes in development and in cancer if deregulated. Three members of the NK-like subfamily of homeobox genes (NKLs), TLX1, TLX3 and NKX2-5, are implicated in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). They are activated by particular chromosomal aberrations. However, their precise function in leukemogenesis is still unclear. Here we screened further NKLs in 24 T-ALL cell lines and identified the common expression of MSX2. The subsequent aim of this study was to analyze the role of MSX2 in T-cell differentiation which may be disturbed by oncogenic NKLs.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Specific gene activity was examined by quantitative real-time PCR, and globally by expression profiling. Proteins were analyzed by western blot, immuno-cytology and immuno-precipitation. For overexpression studies cell lines were transduced by lentiviruses.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Quantification of MSX2 mRNA in primary hematopoietic cells demonstrated higher levels in CD34+ stem cells as compared to peripheral blood cells and mature CD3+ T-cells. Furthermore, analysis of MSX2 expression levels in T-cell lines after treatment with core thymic factors confirmed their involvement in regulation. These results indicated that MSX2 represents an hematopoietic NKL family member which is downregulated during T-cell development and may functionally substituted by oncogenic NKLs. For functional analysis JURKAT cells were lentivirally transduced, overexpressing either MSX2 or oncogenic TLX1 and NKX2-5, respectively. These cells displayed transcriptional activation of NOTCH3-signaling, including NOTCH3 and HEY1 as analyzed by gene expression profiling and quantitative RT-PCR, and consistently attenuated sensitivity to gamma-secretase inhibitor as analyzed by MTT-assays. Furthermore, in addition to MSX2, both TLX1 and NKX2-5 proteins interacted with NOTCH-pathway repressors, SPEN/MINT/SHARP and TLE1/GRG1, representing a potential mechanism for (de)regulation. Finally, elevated expression of NOTCH3 and HEY1 was detected in primary TLX1/3 positive T-ALL cells corresponding to the cell line data.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Identification and analysis of MSX2 in hematopoietic cells implicates a modulatory role via NOTCH3-signaling in early T-cell differentiation. Our data suggest that reduction of NOTCH3-signaling by physiological downregulation of MSX2 expression during T-cell development is abrogated by ectopic expression of oncogenic NKLs, substituting MSX2 function.</p

Bioavailability of Macro and Micronutrients Across Global Topsoils: Main Drivers and Global Change Impacts

Understanding the chemical composition of our planet\u27s crust was one of the biggest questions of the 20th century. More than 100 years later, we are still far from understanding the global patterns in the bioavailability and spatial coupling of elements in topsoils worldwide, despite their importance for the productivity and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we measured the bioavailability and coupling of thirteen macro- and micronutrients and phytotoxic elements in topsoils (3–8 cm) from a range of terrestrial ecosystems across all continents (∼10,000 observations) and in response to global change manipulations (∼5,000 observations). For this, we incubated between 1 and 4 pairs of anionic and cationic exchange membranes per site for a mean period of 53 days. The most bioavailable elements (Ca, Mg, and K) were also amongst the most abundant in the crust. Patterns of bioavailability were biome-dependent and controlled by soil properties such as pH, organic matter content and texture, plant cover, and climate. However, global change simulations resulted in important alterations in the bioavailability of elements. Elements were highly coupled, and coupling was predictable by the atomic properties of elements, particularly mass, mass to charge ratio, and second ionization energy. Deviations from the predictable coupling-atomic mass relationship were attributed to global change and agriculture. Our work illustrates the tight links between the bioavailability and coupling of topsoil elements and environmental context, human activities, and atomic properties of elements, thus deeply enhancing our integrated understanding of the biogeochemical connections that underlie the productivity and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems in a changing world

Oligodendrocytes: biology and pathology

Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS). They are the end product of a cell lineage which has to undergo a complex and precisely timed program of proliferation, migration, differentiation, and myelination to finally produce the insulating sheath of axons. Due to this complex differentiation program, and due to their unique metabolism/physiology, oligodendrocytes count among the most vulnerable cells of the CNS. In this review, we first describe the different steps eventually culminating in the formation of mature oligodendrocytes and myelin sheaths, as they were revealed by studies in rodents. We will then show differences and similarities of human oligodendrocyte development. Finally, we will lay out the different pathways leading to oligodendrocyte and myelin loss in human CNS diseases, and we will reveal the different principles leading to the restoration of myelin sheaths or to a failure to do so