23 research outputs found

    Positive reframing in somatoform and functional disorder - supporting the patients in understanding the sickness

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    Modern psychiatry with its current classification of diseases and symptom-oriented modern pharmacotherapy ousted the concept of classical German psychiatry genesis of diseases and replaces it with the diagnosis of physiological models of disease. Active participation of the patient in the treatment needs a full understanding of the disease. There are two psychotherapeutic techniques to achieve a new perspective and to develop a new attitude: positive reframing (4) and paradoxical intention (1, 3)

    The need for psychological crisis counseling immediately after announcement of death

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    ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° настоящата Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° Π΅ Π΄Π° сС Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ нСобходимостта ΠΎΡ‚ своСврСмСнна психологична ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰, нСпосрСдствСно слСд ΡΡŠΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π° Π·Π° ΡΠΌΡŠΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΈ Π΄Π° сС прСдстави СфСктивността ΠΉ Π·Π° Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡŠΡ€Π±Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ. Π Π°Π·Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈ са 170 ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π° с Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈ, Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π² Π΄Π²Π΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΈ: Π³Ρ€. А (Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈ слСд ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡŠΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠ²Π°Π½Π΅) ΠΈ Π³Ρ€. Π‘ (Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈ). РСгистрирани са прСТивяванията ΠΈΠΌ Π² Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ Π² края Π½Π° психологичната Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ прСдставят нСобходимостта ΠΎΡ‚ психологично консултиранС ΠΈ Π² Π΄Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΈ, с ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π½ прСвСс ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ Π³Ρ€. Π‘.The article targets at giving a proof for the necessity of redundant psychological assistance after announcement of death and its effectiveness in coping with grief. 170 cases of relatives of deceased people were studied separated into two groups: Group A (relatives of people who died after prolonged illness) and Group B (relatives of people who died after an accident). Their reactions and emotions were registered at the beginning and the end of a session with a therapist. The results show necessity for psychological therapy in both groups, especially for the people in Group B

    Acute poisonings with neuroleptics in clinic of toxicology of military Medical academy Varna/Bulgaria registered for 20 year period

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    Objective: This retrospective study was conducted to follow out acute intoxications with neuroleptics in Varna region, to assess the frequency and proportion depending on other drug and non-pharmacological poisoning.Methods: The objects of the study are 193 patients with acute neuroleptic intoxication treated in the Clinic of toxicology - VMA-MBAL-Varna. The study is retrospective and covers a period of 20 years (1991-2010).Results: Incidence of acute poisoning with neuroleptics is 7.5% of all drug poisoning and 2.5% of general poisoning. Poisoning occurs commonly in women and the majority of poisonings are in people of working age.Conclusion: In recent years, there is a trend for an increase in the absolute number and the proportion of poisonings with neuroleptics. Lethality in these poisonings is not high and is 0.4 percent

    Retrobulbar optic neuritis and cystoid macular edema as a first manifestation of lyme disease

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    Lyme disease is a multi-system disorder caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdoferi. Eye manifestations are a rare involvement. We report two cases of patients who developed a retrobulbar optic neuritis and a cystoid macular edema as a sole clinical presenting in Lyme disease.A 42-year-old female presented with left eye decreased visual acuity and painful ocular movement. Dilated funduscopy and neurological examination were normal. A diagnosis of left eye retrobulbar optic neuritis was made. The brain and spinal cord MRI showed typical lesions characteristic of MS. Serological tests for Lyme disease revealed positive results for IgM ELISA and Western blot. The possible serologically proven Lyme disease was diagnosed. Visual acuity returned to normal following a course of high-dose steroids and intravenous antibiotic, after by oral antibiotic. A 28-year-old male presented with left eye blurred vision and intermittent blurring vision in his right eye. Dilated funduscopy revealed bilateral cystoid macular edema (left more than right). He was positive for Lyme serology, IgM ELISA and Western blot, and intravenous antibiotic therapy was commenced, followed by oral antibiotic. Visual acuity was restored and fuduscopy was normal.In summary, although Lyme disease is an uncommon cause of these neuro-ophthalmic complications, our two patients highlight the importance of considering this disorder as a differential diagnosis and to initiate an early adequate therapy

    Malaria - contemporary problem in shipping and maritime tourism

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    Among the diseases associated with maritime traveling and tourism, malaria continues to pose a major health treat due to its wide distribution in tropical regions and severe and life-threatening clinical course. For the European countries and Bulgaria the major obstructions in the control of malaria and other imported parasitic diseases are the rising number of travels and increased immigration from countries with endemic distribution. Occupational risk of contracting malaria for Bulgarian and foreign ship crews continues to be the most important problem for the Varna region. In a globally connected world, the control of imported malaria and the prevention of its local distribution require both active control and continuous training of general practitioners, ground and naval administration in the constantly changing aspects of the disease and effective collaboration between all of them

    Manageable droplet infections in the Dobrich region - past, present and future

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    Π’ΡŠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅: Π’ края Π½Π° Π₯Π†Π₯ ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° Π₯Π₯ Π²Π΅ΠΊ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° Π·Π° ΡΠΌΡŠΡ€Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ‚Π° Π² свСта са ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ болСсти. НаучнитС постиТСния Π² Π±ΠΎΡ€Π±Π°Ρ‚Π° с ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ заболявания Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ…Π° Π΄ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· 1980 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ изпълнСниС Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π° Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈ - ΠΌΠΎΡ€Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚, Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΠ²Π° са ваксино-ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ управляСми, Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ са въвСТдани ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π° Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ Π½Π°Π΄Π·ΠΎΡ€, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ Π²ΡŠΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ Π·Π° своСврСмСнни ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ повлияванС Π½Π° заболСваСмостта ΠΎΡ‚ тях.Π¦Π΅Π» ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ: ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡƒΡ‡Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° рСгистрираната ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π° ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½Π° ΠΈ управляСмата Π²ΡŠΠ·Π΄ΡƒΡˆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° заболяСмост Π² Π”ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ° област Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° 1995- 2012 Π³ΠΎΠ΄.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈ Π½Π° Π Π—Π˜, ΠœΠ—, ΠΠ¦Π—ΠŸΠ‘, Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡƒΡ‡Π²Π°Π½Π΅, Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, статистичСски ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ: ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° СпидСмиологичния Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π²Π°Ρ‚ заболяСмост, ΡΠΌΡŠΡ€Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚, Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚, заболяСмост ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡŠΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΈ, Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡŠΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ (1995-2012 Π³.), Ρ‚ΡŠΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎ влияниСто Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΡŠΠ·Π΄ΡƒΡˆΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΅ Π±Π°Π²Π΅Π½ процСс, ΡΠ²ΡŠΡ€Π·Π°Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ с Π²ΡŠΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ‚Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ с Π΄ΡŠΡ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² областта Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ.Изводи: ΠžΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π° Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Π° заболяСмост Π² област Π”ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡ Π·Π° проучвания 18-годишСн ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ (1995- 2012 Π³.) Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ срСднитС стойности Π·Π° страната с ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° няколко Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ (1996 Π³., 2001 Π³., 2002 Π³., 2003 Π³., 2004 Π³.). УправляСмитС Π²ΡŠΠ·Π΄ΡƒΡˆΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ - ΠΌΠΎΡ€Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚, ΠΈ Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΎΠ»Π° са с ниска заболяСмост Π΄ΠΎ липсваща Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠ°Π²Π°.Introduction: In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century the main cause of mortality in the world was infectious diseases. Scientific advances in the fight against infectious diseases led to the eradication of smallpox in 1980 and implementation of international programs for the eradication of others - measles, mumps, congenital rubella and others. These are vaccine-preventable infections (the socalled manageable infections), for which objective criteria for epidemiological surveillance have been introduced, that allow for timely adjustments in immunization programs and to influence their morbidity.Purpose and tasks: To investigate the registered total infectious and manageable droplet morbidity in the Dobrich region for the 1995-2012 period.Materials and Methods: Reports, analysis of RHI (Regional Health Inspectorate), MH (Ministry of Health), NCIPD (National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases), epidemiological study, epidemiological analysis, statistical methods.Results: We observed the main indicators of epidemiological analysis, which include morbidity, mortality, lethality and incidence by age groups, for a long period (years 1995-2012), since the impact of immunotherapy in droplet infections is a slow process, related to age as well as to government immunization policies.Conclusions: The total infectious morbidity in Dobrich for the studied 18 years period (1995- 2012) was around or below the national average with exception of a few years (1996, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004). The manageable droplet infections - measles, mumps, and rubella have low or no morbidit

    Quality of the sea water the Dobrich region and health control

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    Π£Π²ΠΎΠ΄: ΠžΡ‚ 2008 Π³. Π²Π»Π΅Π·Π΅ Π² сила Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π·Π° Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π° Π½Π° общСствСния интСрСс Π·Π° устройство Π½Π° ЧСрноморското ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ΅. Π‘ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈ ограничСния Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΡŠΠ² ΠΏΡŠΡ‚ сС въвСТда самостоятСлСн ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ статут Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡƒΡ€Π΅Π΄Π±Π° Π·Π° чувствитСлната Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ†Π°. ΠšΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°ΠΆΠ½Π° Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΌΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ Π±Ρ€Π΅Π³Π° Π΅ ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ†Π° - ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½Π° Π΄ΡŠΡ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π° собствСност. Π•Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΎ морскитС Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡ€Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ морскитС ΠΏΠ»Π°ΠΆΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈ сухозСмна част са ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ Π½Π° Π·Π΄Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ» ΠΎΡ‚ Π Π—Π˜ (Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π΄Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈ инспСкции.)Π¦Π΅Π» ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ: ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡƒΡ‡Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° качСствата Π½Π° морскитС Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ЧСрноморското ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π”ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ° област - Π‘Π°Π»Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ, АлбСна, ΠšΡ€Π°Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎ, ΠšΠ°Π²Π°Ρ€Π½Π°, Русалка, Π¨Π°Π±Π»Π°, Π”ΡƒΡ€Π°Π½ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π°ΠΊ, Π·Π° намаляванС Π½Π° риска Π·Π° Π·Π΄Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° насСлСниСто.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: ΠœΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡŠΡ‚ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π° къпанС Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΡŠΡ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π² НарСдба 5 Π·Π° ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ качСството Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π° къпанС (Π”Π’, Π±Ρ€. 53/2008 Π³.): Π‘Π”Π‘ ENISO7899-1 Π·Π° β€žΡ‡Ρ€Π΅Π²Π½ΠΈ Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΈ` ΠΈ Π‘Π”Π‘ ENISO 9308-3 Π·Π° β€žΠ΅ΡˆΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈ`. Π‘ΠΏΠ°Π·Π΅Π½ΠΈ са изискванията Π·Π° ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»Π½Π° чСстота Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ½Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ са Π²Π·Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ с гСографски ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π΅. Π—Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌ опрСдСлянС Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π·Π²Π°Π½Π° GPS.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ: Π₯арактСристикитС Π½Π° ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ½Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ 1 Π΄ΠΎ 20 Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° 2008-2013 Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ: гСографско Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½, Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° Π·Π° къпанС, Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŠΠΏ Π΄ΠΎ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π°, характСристика Π½Π° Π΄ΡŠΠ½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ, срСдна Π΄ΡŠΠ»Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°, посСщаСмост, Π·Π°ΠΌΡŠΡ€ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π°, ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ спортовС, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° Π½Π° морската Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π²Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈ, Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΌΡŠΡ€ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅, Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Ρ€. Π‘ΡŠΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ чСрноморски ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ: Π¨Π°Π±Π»Π°, ΠšΠ°Π²Π°Ρ€Π½Π°, Π‘Π°Π»Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ. Π’Π·Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½ΠΈ са 880 броя морски ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈ Π·Π° 6 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ (Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° 2008-2013) ΠΎΡ‚ 20 Π·ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π·Π° къпанС с ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ½Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° морски Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ сС нСстандартни ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈ морски Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ срСдно 17.04%, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΉ-висок относитСлСн дял 32.4% Π·Π° 2011 Π³. ΠΈ 31.69% ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· 2009 Π³., слСд ΠΊΠΎΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ спада рязко Π΄ΠΎ 0.70% Π·Π° 2012 ΠΈ 4.92% Π·Π° 2013 Π³.Изводи: ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ‚Π° ΠΎΡ‚ Π·Π΄Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π» β€žΠ΅ΡˆΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈ` са установСни Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ всички ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° 2008 Π΄ΠΎ 2011 Π³., a Π² послСднитС Π΄Π²Π΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ (2012-2013) ΠΈΠΌΠ° Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π² 6 ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚Π°: Π”ΡƒΡ€Π°Π½ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π°ΠΊ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€ 2 ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· 2013 Π³., Π‘ΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ†-Π’ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· 2013 Π³., Π’ΡƒΠ·Π»Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· 2013 Π³., Π‘Π°Π»Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ Π”Π²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ†Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· 2012 ΠΈ 2013 Π³., Π‘Π°Π»Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ Нов ΠΏΠ»Π°ΠΆ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· 2013 Π³. ΠΈ Π ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· 2013 Π³.Introduction: In 2008 the Law on Protection of Public Interest regarding the development of the Black Sea coast came into force. For the first time, with planned restrictions, a separate legal status is introduced r the sensitive area of the coastal strip. The beach boundary between the sea and the coast is a strip - explicit state property. Therefore, marine waters and territorial sea, as well as beaches and land parts are subject to the health control of RHI /Regional Health Inspections/.Aim: A study of the quality of sea water along the Black Sea coast in the Dobrich region- Balchik, Albena, Kranevo, Kavarna, Rusalka, Shabla, Durankulak, to reduce the risk to public health.Materials and Methods: Monitoring of bathing waters is made under the indicators included in Ordinance 5 for the quality management of bathing water (SG, issue 53 / 2008): BS EN ISO7899-1 for `intestinal enterococci` and BS EN ISO 9308-3 for `E.coli` The requirements for minimum frequency sampling were observed. Samples were taken from the designated with geographical coordinates points. GPS was used for their exact determination.Results: The characteristics of points for sampling from 1 to 20 2008-2013 were analyzed by: geografic location, terrain, bathing area, access to the area, characteristics of the seabed, average depth, attendance, pollution, water sports practice, sea water temperature, rainfall, point sources of pollution. Three Black Sea municipalities were investigated: Shabla, Kavarna and Balchik. The number of taken and analyzed samples for a 6-year /2008-2013/ period from 20 bathing areas each with one point for sampling of sea water was 880. Non-standard samples of sea waters were found from an average of 17.04%, the highest relative percentage of 32.14% was for 2011 and 31.69% - for 2009. After that, it has declined rapidly to 0.70% for 2012 and 4.92% for 2013.Conclusions: Deviations from health norms by indicator `Escherichia coli` are found in almost all points in the period 2008 to 2011, and in the last two years / 2012-2013/ separate deviations are found in 6 points: Durankulak North 2 over the year 2013, Bozhurets-Topola in 2013, in Albena - 2013, Balchik Palace - 2012 and 2013, Balchik - New Beach - in 2013 and Robinson - in 2013

    Drinking water in the black sea municipalities in the Dobrich region

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    Π£Π²ΠΎΠ΄: Най-чСсто срСщанитС ΠΈ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ разпространСни Π·Π΄Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈ рисковС, ΡΠ²ΡŠΡ€Π·Π°Π½ΠΈ с ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, са Π² зависимост ΠΎΡ‚ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈΡ‚Π΅ условия, ΠΎΡ‚ СстСствСнитС ΠΈ Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ химичСски вСщСства Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ болСстотворни Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ, вируси ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² нСя.Π¦Π΅Π» ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ: Π”Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠΌ качСствата Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π° Π·Π° ΠΏΠΈΠ΅Π½Π΅ Π² чСрноморскитС ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π° Π”ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ° област: Π‘Π°Π»Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ, ΠšΠ°Π²Π°Ρ€Π½Π°, Π¨Π°Π±Π»Π°, Π·Π° 6 годишСн ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ 2008-2013 Π³.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ½Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΈ изслСдванС ΠΏΠΎ Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΡ€Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° консуматора, съгласно НарСдба 9 Π·Π° качСството Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π°, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° Π·Π° ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ, (ΠΎΠ±Π½. Π”Π’, Π±Ρ€.30 ΠΎΡ‚ 2001 Π³.). Π”Π°Π½Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡΡŠΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Π·ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π° водоснабдяванС Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ЧСрноморското ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ΅: Π¨Π°Π±Π»Π°, ΠšΠ°Π²Π°Ρ€Π½Π°, Π‘Π°Π»Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ: НСстандартнитС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ са Π² ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΡ‚ 6% Π·Π° 2008 Π³. Π·Π° Π‘Π°Π»Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ Π΄ΠΎ 70% Π·Π° ΠšΠ°Π²Π°Ρ€Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· 2011 Π³. НСстандартнитС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠšΠ°Π²Π°Ρ€Π½Π° са с Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ½ΠΈ отклонСния ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π» Π½ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π² 6 насСлСни мСста, Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π° Π¨Π°Π±Π»Π° - Π² 2 насСлСни мСста, ΠΊΠΎΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π²Π° влияниС Π½Π° общия ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π» Π·Π° нСотговарящи Π½Π° стандарта ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ° Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ЧСрноморското ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ΅ Π¨Π°Π±Π»Π°, ΠšΠ°Π²Π°Ρ€Π½Π° ΠΈ Π‘Π°Π»Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ 40 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, със 110 ΠΊΠΌ дълТина Π½Π° ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ.Изводи: ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ‚Π° ΠΎΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π° Π‘Π°Π»Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ са ΠΎΡ‚ 6% Π·Π° 2009 Π³. Π΄ΠΎ 13% ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· 2012 ΠΈ 2013 Π³., Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π° Π¨Π°Π±Π»Π° отклонСнията са Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΡΠ΄ΡŠΠΊΠ° Π½Π° 31% Π·Π° 2009 Π³. Π΄ΠΎ 12% Π·Π° 2013 Π³., Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠšΠ°Π²Π°Ρ€Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚ 25.4% Π·Π° 2009 Π΄ΠΎ 70% ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· 2011 Π³. ΠΈ 38% ΠΈ 22% Π·Π° 2012 ΠΈ 2013 Π³.Introduction: The most common and widespread health risks associated with drinking water are dependent upon geological conditions, natural and anthropogenic chemicals above certain levels,as well as upon pathogenic bacteria, viruses and parasites in it. Aim: To investigate the quality of drinking water in the coast municipalities in the Dobrich region: Balchik, Kavarna and Shabla for a 6-year monitoring period (2008-2013).Materials and Methods: Data from monitoring joint programs in areas which supply water for the Black Sea coast municipalities: Shabla, Kavarna, Balchik with total beam sampling and testing for chemical and microbiological parameters of drinking water at the tap of the consumer, according to Ordinance 9 regarding the quality of drinking water and such for household purposes (Ren. SG issue 30/2001).Results: Non-standard samples by municipalities are in a wide range from 6% in 2008 for Balchik to 70% for Kavarna in 2011. Non-standard samples in Kavarna municipality are with permanent deviations in the indicator nitrates in 6 settlements, in the municipality of Shabla-in two settlements, which affects the overall indicator of non-standard values for microbiological and chemical parameters. The water supply network in the municipalities along the Black Sea coast: Shabla, Kavarna and Balchik is more than 40 years old, covering a 110 km length of the coast.Conclusions: Deviations from the norm in Balchik municipality are 6% for 2009, up to 13% in 2012 and 2013. In Shabla municipality deviations are in the range from 31% for 2009 to 12% in 2013. Kavarna municipality registered deviations from 25.4% in 2009 to 70% in 2011 and 38% and 22% for 2012 and 2013

    Dissemination of anthrax in humans in stationary anthrax outbreaks in Dobrudzha region

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    БолСстта антракс Π΅ Π·ΠΎΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π°, която сС разпространява Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π½Π° Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π·Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡƒΠΌΡ€Π΅Π»ΠΈ домашни ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈ. По Ρ…ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π° сС разпространява Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚ със Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π·Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈ, Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π·Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Π°, мСсо ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈ, ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈ досСг с Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠ°.Π¦Π΅Π»: Π”Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠΌ зависимостта ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ-гСографскитС условия Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈ разпространСниСто Π½Π° антракса ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π° Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° 1991-2013 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² област Π”ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ: Π”Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° рСгистрация Π½Π° Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ заболявания Π² Π”ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡ ΠΈ страната.ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: ЧастичСн Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, картографски ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ, статистичСски ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ: Π‘ΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ разпространС Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° антракса зависи ΠΎΡ‚ стСпСнта Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡŠΠ΄ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ Π² Π΄Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ споритС. Π—Π° ΡΡŠΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΠ²Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ оцСляванСто Π½Π° Π±Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ»Π° Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° влияниС ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ влаТността, a ΠΏΠΎ-скоро Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ съСдинСния, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π° слуТат Π·Π° ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎ благоприятСн субстрат.Изводи: Π§Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²ΠΈ Π² ДобрудТанския ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉ, с Π½Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠ²Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° хумус Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½ΠΈ количСства, слабо Π°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ с ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ вСщСства са подходящи Π·Π° Π΄ΡŠΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡˆΠ½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ ΡΡŠΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° инвазиоспособни спори, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ антраксни. Заболяванията ΠΎΡ‚ антракс ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π° Π² област Π”ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡ са рСгистрирани Π² 9 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, ΠΎΡ‚ проучвания 23-годишСн ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄, Π² 5 ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, със засСгнати 11 насСлСни мСста.Anthrax is a zoonotic disease, which is spread mainly by carcasses of infected and dead domestic and wild animals. In people it is spread by contact with infected animals, contaminated soil, meat and objects which were in contact with the body.Aim: To investigate the relationship between geographic conditions of the soil and the spread of anthrax in humans for the period 1991-2013 year in the Dobrich region.Materials: We have used data from the official registration of communicable diseases in the Dobrich region and in the country.Methods: We have used partial epidemiological analysis, cartographic methods, statistical methods. Results: The specific distribution of anthrax depends on the extent of livestock farming in a given area and the nature of the soils, where spores fall. The existence and survival of the bacillus in the soil is influenced not so much by the temperature and humidity, but rather by the presence of organic compounds that serve as favorable microbial substrate.Conclusions: Black soil in the Dobrudzha region, with the accumulation of humus in significant quantities, being slightly alkaline or neutral and containing many other organic substances are suitable for longterm storage of invasive spores, including anthrax. Anthrax in humans in Dobrich were registered in nine years, from the studied 23-year period in 5 municipalities, with 11 affected settlements
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