International science conference RESpect report

Report is dedicated to aspects of conceiving the number of scientific magazine Acta Montanistica Slovaca, which purpose wasto publish specific key reports from the sixth year of international science conference RESpect 2011. The main aspect in the decisionprocess was to cover the conference agenda, complexity of the global problematic understanding, the subject of examination actualityand the results achievement level. The choice at the same time points on the technological, evaluative, environmental, economicaland application aspects of the RES usage, with accent on the Middle Europe region conditions

Technical analysis of utilization suitability of various wind rotors types for compressors power driving

Conception is from the converting of wind energy, which flows across the wind turbine in mechanic work needed for compressor working. The wind motor one part of energy transform into mechanical work, part of energy is unused and part of energy of stead flow is transformed into eddy after wind rotor.The aim was rendering of technical analysis for equipment, which would use the wind with parameters for chosen area and whole unit would supply power in peak demand. Unit consists of wind turbine, which pushes compressor. Compressor pumps air into the compressed air storage. The air is used for power producing in time of peak demand

Alternatives and implication in process of environmental impact assessment

EIA is an interactive, rule-based expert system for the environmental impact assessment. It is designed for a screening level assessment of development projects at a pre-feasibility stage. Typical problems for the evaluation include: resettlement; watershed degradation; encroachment upon precious ecosystems; encroachment on historical/cultural values; watershed erosion; reservoir siltation; impairment of navigation; changes in groundwater hydrology, waterlogging; seepage and evaporation losses; migration of valuable fish species; inundation of mineral resources/forests; other inundation losses and adverse effects. It is important to prevent environmental pollution when carrying out large-scale development projects, such as artificial change of landscapes and building of certain structures that may cause a tremendous impact on the environment. In accordance with Cities Environmental Impact Assessment Departments it is necessary to provide project organisers with a necessary advice and instructions concerning the environmental impact assessment a survey to predict and evaluate environmental impact to be conducted by project organisers. Prior to offering the advice and instructions, cities need to hear the opinions of residents of the areas concerned, mayors of related municipalities and other opinion leaders, including specialists, to reflect their views in the environmental preservation. The first aspect in any quality assessment is to determine the representativeness of data both in terms of physical siting and data collected. It must be recognised the environment is a dynamic fluid; quality therefore varies over space and time. There will be locations in any community that experience poorer quality than recorded at a monitoring station. Likewise other sites will have a better quality. Most communities have only a single monitoring site. Therefore, the air quality monitors are sited to provide a representative estimate of the community exposure to contaminants

Research and development as contribution of the Renewable Energy Sources Centre to the wind energy utilization in Slovakia

The expected development of renewable energy sources utilization was not reached in last years in Slovakia. This is caused by some barriers. These barriers decrease the easiness of investments into the Renewable energy sources utilization. We recognize specific barriers for each of renewable energy sources and general barriers for all renewable energy sources. Activities of the Renewable Energy Sources Centre help to eliminate both specific and general barriers in Slovakia. The main activities are: a realization of research projects, working out expertises and feasibility studies, information of public about principals and specifics of the wind energy utilization. How the Renewable Energy Sources Centre encourages of the utilization wind energy can be demonstrated on one of the research projects: The designing a stable standpoint with a sufficient storage tank of wind energy, possibly of compressed air. The wind energy serves as a primary resource when it powers the compressor, which fills the pneumatic accumulator (storage tank of compressed air). The compressed air is at a time of peak endurance consumed from pneumatic accumulators for the work of pneumatic engine, which powers the generator and the produced electric energy is being supplied to the public network

Design of vacuum thermal insulation fitting in solar heating applications

The presented paper deals with designs of the vacuum thermal insulation fitting in solar heating applications. Fitting designs, identified by the  authors of this paper, reflects the construction problem of a flat vacuum solar collector caused by the conduction of heat gained with solar  collectors to the collector casing through thermal conductive connection located across the interface between casing and outer piping. As this heat further leaks into the surrounding environment, heat losses of the solar collector is higher and therefore thermal performance of the whole solar system is reduced. The solar collector element in the form of a vacuum  thermal insulation fitting allows a connection of the solar collector with  outer hydraulic circuit of the solar system without creating thermal  bridges while ensuring vacuum tightness of the collector casing. A part in the evaluation process of the proposed design was a vacuum thermal  insulation fitting modelled in CAD environment followed by heat transfer analysis under several operation scenarios (normal operation, extreme  operation, etc.). Subsequently, a functional prototype was manufactured for measurements and verifications of the desired characteristics of  fitting under different operating conditions. All the results of  measurements and simulations demonstrated not only the ability of fitting to ensure vacuum tightness of the solar collector but also the ability of reducing overheating of the collector casing as well

TESES rules as a tool of analysis for chosen OZE projects

Inevitability or in other words the need of energies extraction by other means than the present ones, leads us to furtheralternatives. The article is trying to show the importance of legislative by implementation of new technological solutions in using OZE.The impact of these limitations will be shown on two examples, which are limited by the mentioned legislative politics of SR

International science conference RESPECT report to support the renewable energy sources position in the context of specific

Selected articles from the international scientific conference RESPECT 2008 are introduced. The main aspect in the selection processwas to cover the conference agenda, complexity of the global understanding of this area of research, and the achieved results. The choiceat the same time points on the technological, evaluative, environmental, economical and application aspects of the RES usage, withthe emphasis on conditions typical for the Central Europe

Utilization of photovoltaic panels in urban build-up areas grid on

Photovoltaic systems belong to the most perspective alternative sources of energy. We expect that during a relatively short period of time, the photovoltaic systems will slowly cover 5 to 10 % of the whole consumption of the electricity. One of the conditions of integration to European Community is the rising of the part of alternative sources in the production of energy. Besides another technologies, its also possible to reach it with an installation of the photovoltaic systems in already-existed building-up area. The photovoltaic systems Grid on are used especially in places with the advanced net of electric lines in big cities. The invertors developed especially for the photovoltaic systems "Grid on" have the effeciency higher than 90 % and they are absolute safe against the bias voltage.From the entire number of days of an year in Slovakia the sun shines from 1300 to 2200 hours, in Koice its 2100 hours. An average amount of energy falling down by one day is 3,3 kW.h.m-2. An average effective power of one m2 of the photovoltaic panels is 110 W.m-2 of the standard illuminance 1000 W.m-2 and the solar spectrum AM 1,5. Annually its possible to make from the photovoltaic panel (1 m2) 120,45 kW.h. Average amount of the solar energy shape to the south-orient area in Koice is 101,5 kW.h.m-2. In Koice is an ideal inclination of the absorption area of the photovoltaic panels from horizontal plains from 58° to 65° for the year-around operation. At optimal conditions its possible by integrating photovoltaic panels with the construction of the balcony barrier from one block of flats about 10 MW.h per year. If we utilise the all areas applicable for the installation of photovoltaic panels (building exteriors, roofs, shady component,..), we able to cast about a few multiple of these value just for one block of flat.Today, the cost of the photovoltaic systems is many times higher than the cost of the electric energy. But the cost consequently a new technology of production of the primary materials is allways falling