LC-MS Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of the Hydro-alcoholic Extract of Melissa Officinalis L. from Algeria

The present work focuses on evaluation of the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the hydro-methanolic extract of Melissa officinalis from Algeria. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis allowed the identification of six compounds: caffeic acid, caftaric acid, hydroxyjasmonic acid glucoside, caftaric acid glucoside, rosmarinic acid and sagerinic acid. The in-vitro antioxidant activity of the hydro-methanolic extract was evaluated by using four different methods including: radical scavenging assay (DPPH), scavenging activity (ABTS), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, and ferric reducing power assay. The extract exhibited a relatively strong antioxidant activity compared to the synthetic antioxidants. The highest radical scavenging activity was registered using DPPH and ABTS methods, IC50= 20.53±2.64 μg/mL and 22.50±0.67 μg/mL, respectively. These results suggest that Melissa officinalis L. could be considered a potential source of natural antioxidants with potential interest in the agrochemical and pharmaceutical industries

Cellular investigation on the role Of Osmotic Pressure in Limiting the Toxic Effects of Pesticidesin Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)

International audienceSoil salinity is considered a major limiting factor in plant development, given the importance of cereals as an essential nutritional material worldwide. The present study is interested in demonstrating the effects of the salt stress / herbicide interaction on the roots of a plant model: durum wheat (Triticum durum) of the WAHA variety.The results obtained show that wheat is a plant sensitive to the action of NaCl. However, we have observed morphophysiological and metabolic disturbances in seeds subjected to saline stress in increasing doses, after germination.The measurement of the enzymatic activity shows a stimulation of the Catalase activity (CAT) accompanied by a production of hydrogen peroxide at the origin of oxidative stress, this increase is proportional to the degree of stress induced. Also, this stress induced the release of electrolytes.In parallel, we were interested in the toxicity of glyphosate. The penetration of the herbicide inside the plant has led to remarkable morpho-physiological and biochemical disturbances.Regarding the NaCl / Glyphosate interaction, we note a clear improvement in the majority of the measured parameters, this can be considered as an antagonism effect between the two stresses allowing better root growth

Erratum to: Neurobehavioral deficits and brain oxidative stress induced by chronic low exposure of persistent organic pollutants mixture in adult female rat

Erratum to: Neurobehavioral deficits and brain oxidative stress induced by chronic low exposure of persistent organic pollutants mixture in adult female ra

Impairment of mitochondrial integrity and redox status in brain regions during a low-dose long-term exposition of rats to pyrethrino < ds: the preventive effect of quercetin

International audiencePyrethrino < ds are synthetic pesticides widely used in agriculture and farms to protect crops from weeds, insects, fungi, and molds. Increased and uncontrolled use of these pollutants can have harmful effects on human health via consumption of contaminated food products. In the present study, deltamethrin (DLT = 3.72 mg/kg) and Bifenthrin (BF = 2.6 mg/kg) were used during a long-term exposition in the rats to assess their effect on mitochondrial integrity and function in different brain areas (hippocampus, striatum, cortex, and cerebellum). The results of this study have shown that chronic treatment of rats by both DLT and BF, on their own or in a mixture, has induced a significant increase in mitochondrial MDA, but when quercetin (Que) was co-administered with pesticides, this enhancement has been prevented in the almost of treated rats compared to solvent and control groups. In hippocampus area, GSH has significantly increased in all treated rats, except for BF and DLT-Que.-treated groups. In striatum, GSH has been depleted in the BF and DLT-treated groups compared to control and solvent groups; in contrast, when Que. was associated with pesticides, the rate of this tripeptide has been maintained at normal levels. In the cortex and cerebellum, GSH has been depleted significantly in all treated animals but has increased in DLT-Que. and mixture-Que.-treated groups in the cerebral cortex, at the same time; it has been maintained at normal levels in BF-Que.-treated groups in the cerebellum compared to control and solvent rats. On the other side, the results of this study have shown a loss of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in all brain regions of pesticide-treated rats, but such a fall in enzymatic activities has been prevented by Que. when it was co-administered to rats with pesticides at the dose of 5 mg/kg, except in the cerebellum. In addition, this study has shown mitochondria's swelling in almost all the brain areas with exception of the cerebellum, providing information about a loss of mitochondrial membrane integrity in brain neurons of rats exposed to pyrethrino < ds. Furthermore, preventive administration of Que., in association with pesticides (5 mg/kg) or their mixture (10 mg/kg), has prevented mitochondria swelling in almost all of the analyzed brain tissues