Justiça Socioambiental: Múltiplas Dimensões e Perspectivas

The dossier "Socioenvironmental Justice: Multiple Dimensions and Perspectives" addresses socioenvironmental justice as a legal-political concept that transcends the intersection between social justice and environmental protection. It seeks to ensure the equitable distribution of the benefits and burdens of natural resource exploitation while protecting the rights of vulnerable populations. The dossier includes interdisciplinary studies on topics such as eucalyptus monoculture, the impacts of the climate crisis on vulnerable communities, and the quilombola struggle for recognition. This work aims to promote more just and sustainable public policies.O dossiê "Justiça Socioambiental: Múltiplas Dimensões e Perspectivas" aborda a justiça socioambiental como um conceito jurídico-político que transcende a interseção entre justiça social e proteção ambiental. Ele busca garantir a distribuição equitativa dos benefícios e ônus da exploração de recursos naturais, além de proteger os direitos das populações vulneráveis. O dossiê inclui estudos interdisciplinares sobre temas como a monocultura do eucalipto, os impactos da crise climática em comunidades vulneráveis e a luta quilombola por reconhecimento. Esse trabalho visa promover políticas públicas mais justas e sustentáveis

Fruit and seed biometry of cambuí (Myrciaria tenella O. Berg) = Biometria de fruto e semente de cambuí (Myrciaria tenella O. Berg)

The cambuí tree (Myrciaria tenella O. Berg) is native to Brazil and its fruits are harvested by extraction for fresh consumption in the state of Sergipe (Brazil). Because of the regional importance of the species, this work aims to characterize the cambuí fruits and seeds. The fruits were harvested mature from native trees in the Reserva do Caju Experimental Field, on Itaporanga d’Ajuda (Sergipe, Brazil), belonging to Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros. Two hundred fruits and seeds were biometrically analyzed. In addition, we evaluated the fruit, pulp, and seed color based on RHS Color Chart. Two different skin colors were found: 1. yellow [orange - red (group 32A)] with yellow pulp [yellow - orange (group 17A)]; and 2. purple [violet -blue (group 93A)] with red pulp [red - purple (group 60A)]. The seeds have only one color, green [yellow-green (group 152A)] with dark stripes [Brown (group 200C)]. The fruits mean diameter was 9.23 mm.fruit-1, and average width 8.50 mm.fruit-1. The seeds mean diameter was 5.34 mm.seed-1, mean width 6.52 mm.seed-1 and thickness 5.08 mm.seed-1. The cambuí is a little red fruit. The biometry had a high variability as expected, because it is a native species without any type of management.=Resumo - O cambuí (Myrciaria tenella O. Berg) é nativo do Brasil e os frutos são colhidos por extrativismo para consumo in natura no estado de Sergipe (Brasil). Por causa da importância regional da espécie, objetivou-se com este trabalho caracterizar os frutos e sementes de cambuí. Os frutos foram colhidos maduros provenientes de plantas nativas do Campo Experimental Reserva do Caju, no município de Itaporanga d’Ajuda (Sergipe, Brasil) pertencente a Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros. Foram analisados 200 frutos e sementes biometricamente. Além disso, caracterizou-se a cor da fruta, da polpa, e da semente com base na cartela de cores RHS. Foram identificados duas cores diferentes para a fruta: 1. de cor amarela [laranja - vermelho (grupo32A)], com polpa amarela [amarelo - laranja (grupo 17A)], e 2. com cor roxa [violeta - azul (grupo 93A)], com polpa vermelha [vermelho - roxo (grupo 60A)]. As sementes foram de uma só cor, verde [verde-amarelo (grupo 152A)], com listras escuras [Marrom (grupo 200C)]. O diâmetro médio dos frutos foi de 9,23 mm.fruto-1, e a média da largura 8,50 mm.fruto-1. O diâmetro médio das sementes foi de 5,34 mm.semente-1, 6,52 mm.semente-1 para a largura, e a espessura média de 5,08 mm.semente-1. O cambuí é um pequeno fruto vermelho. A biometria de sementes de cambuí são altamente variáveis, sendo justificado por seruma espécie nativa

Genetic structure and diversity of the neem germplasm bank from Brazil Northeast

Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is a tree species with known value to agriculture. Our aim was to evaluate, using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, the genetic diversity of 54 accessions from Germplasm Bank (GBN) of Embrapa Coastal Tablelands (Sergipe, Brazil). The accessions were analyzed using a model-based Bayesian procedure (Structure), molecular variance analysis (AMOVA) and Jaccard coefficient was estimated. The marker data indicated that GBN have three independent genetic groups, confirmed by genetic structure and genetic variability, enabling the formulation of appropriate strategies for management and use of GBN.Keywords: Azadirachta indica, Azadirachta excelsa, genetic resource, variabilityAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(20), pp. 2822-282

Pre-hidratación en semillas de Moringa oleifera Lam. bajo estrés salino

La Moringa oleifera pertenece a la familia Moringaceae y presenta diferentes usos en la agricultura familiar. Con el objetivo de establecer plantaciones en áreas con problemas de salinidad en el Estado de Sergipe (Brasil), el objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto del remojo de las semillas de M. oleifera en etapa de germinación como una forma de superar el estrés salino. Para el estudio, se emplearon dos lotes de semillas, con 0 y 3 meses de almacenamiento. Ambos lotes de semillas fueron sometidas a dos tiempos de remojo en agua (0 y 24 horas). Después del tratamiento las semillas fueron colocadas sobre papel de germinación y regadas con solución salina (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 y 250 mol.m-3). Los tratamientos fueron mantenidos en cámara de germinación a 25°C y luz continua. Las variables analizadas fueron: porcentaje, el índice de velocidad de germinación, la longitud y la materia seca de las plántulas. El tratamiento con inmersión en agua durante 24 horas fue eficaz para promover los promedios más altos para el vigor de las semillas de moringa.The Moringa oleifera belongs to the Moringaceae family and presents different uses meanly for family farming. Aiming to establish plantations in areas of family agriculture of the Sergipe State (Brasil), the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-soaking on M. oleifera seeds as a way to overcome salinity stress at first stages of development aiming the planting in marginal areas subjected to salinity. For the test we used two batches of seeds, with 0 and 3 months of storage. Both seed batches were treated for two times of pre-soaking in water (0 and 24 hours). After the treatment the seeds were placed on germination paper soaked 2.5 times with saline solutions (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 250 mol.m-3) and kept into germination chamber at 25°C and continuous light. The variables analyzed were percentage, speed of germination index, length and dry matter of seedlings. The treatment with submersion in water for 24 hours was effective to promote higher average values for vigor on Moringa seeds.Mérida, Mexic

Fruit and seed biometry of cambuí (Myciaria tenella O. Berg)

The cambuí tree (Myciaria tenella O. Berg) is native to Brazil and the fruits are harvested by extraction for fresh consumption in state of Sergipe (Brazil). Because of the regional importance of the species, this work aims to characterize the cambuí fruits and seeds. The fruits were harvested mature from the Reserva do Caju Experimental Field, on Itaporanga d'Ajuda (Sergipe, Brazil), belonging to Embrapa Coastal Tablelands. We analyzed biometrically 200 fruits and seeds. In addition, we evaluated the fruit, pulp, and seed color based on RHS Color Chart. We found two different fruits skin colors: 1. yellow [orange - red (group 32A)] with yellow pulp [yellow - orange (group 17A)]; and 2. purple [violet - blue (group 93A)] with red pulp [red - purple (group 60A)]. The seeds have only one color, green [yellow-green (group 152A)] with dark stripes [Brown (group 200C)]. The fruits mean diameter was 9.23 mm/fruit, and mean width 8.50 mm/fruit. The seeds mean diameter was 5.34 mm/seed, mean width 6.52 mm/seed and thickness 5.08 mm/seed. The cambuí seeds are highly variable as previsously expected, because it is a native species without any type of management