23 research outputs found
Pattern and Presentation of Vitreo-Retinal Diseases: An Analysis of Retrospective Data at a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Nepal
Purpose: We examined patients presenting in a tertiary eye hospital in
Nepal, focusing on information relevant to screening and management
programs for vitreo-retinal (VR) disease.
Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional study.
Methods: We reviewed all patients presenting for the first time to the
VR-clinic over 1 year. We quantified patient demography, symptoms and
duration, systemic diseases, ophthalmological examinations, diagnostic
investigations, and final diagnoses.
Results: Of the 1905 cases, 1148 were male (60.3%). The 25th percentile
of ages was 29 and 38 years for male and female, respectively; thus,
female presented later (P < 0.0001). Hypertension was the commonest
systemic disease (40.8%), followed by diabetes (32.5%). Age-related
macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) affected 447
eyes (11.8%) and 416 eyes (10.9%), respectively. Male and female AMD
and DR patients did not differ in age or disease duration. Similarly, age or
disease duration for DR did not correlate with severity. Asymmetry of
disease severity between eyes with AMD and DR was largest in patients
with 1 normal eye. Presenting acuity was asymmetric between eyes
(P < 0.0001) with people more often reporting once their right eyes
had acuity of 6/18 or worse.
Conclusions: The screening of blood pressure and glucose levels combined
with fundus photography could prevent many from progressing to
life-changing visual impairment and blindness. Later reporting by
females began at childbearing age; therefore, education and ocular
screening could be usefully coupled in reproductive health programs.
Clubbing VR disease screening with other established health programs
like diabetes control program, hypertension clinics, school health program,
and so on, would provide economical and sustainable approach
Intra- and inter-rater agreement between an ophthalmologist and mid-level ophthalmic personnel to diagnose retinal diseases based on fundus photographs at a primary eye center in Nepal: the Bhaktapur Retina Study
Population awareness of diabetic eye disease and age related macular degeneration in Nepal: the Bhaktapur Retina Study
Clinico-microbiological Profile and Visual outcome in Traumatic Endophthalmitis following Pars Plana Vitrectomy at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre of Nepal
Introduction: Endophthalmitis is a potentially devastating ocular complication of perforating eye injury where prompt intervention can save some vision. This study aims to explore the clinico-microbiologic profile and visual outcome following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in traumatic endophthalmitis.
Methods: This is a retrospective interventional case series study conducted at a tertiary eye care centre of Nepal. A total of 49 consecutive cases (49 eyes) of endophthalmitis following PEI, who underwent PPV from January 2007 to June 2010 were included in the study. Â
Results: Mean age was 14.7 years (S.D. 14.27). Twenty seven patients (55%) were of age group below 10 years. Male to female ratio was 2.75:1. Mean duration of presentation was 8.9 days. Nineteen eyes (36.73%) had injuries with wooden sticks, followed by injury with metallic objects in 16 patients (32.56%). PEI involving zone I was found in 31 eyes (63.25%). The retained intraocular foreign body was found in seven patients (14.2%). The post operative vision improved in almost 24 cases (49%) with visual recovery of 20/200 and better in six cases (12.24%). The vitreous culture was positive in five cases (12.8%) with predominant streptococcus pneumonia in four cases (10.25%). Â
Conclusions: Children were the mostly affected group with males outnumbering females. Wooden sticks and metallic objects were the commonest insulting agents. Despite the late presentation and predominant zone I injury, eye could be salvaged in majority with visual recovery of 20/200 and better in six cases (12.24%).
Keywords: endophthalmitis; intra-ocular foreign body; perforating eye injury; vitrectomy .
Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane in Young Patient: A Rare Case Presentation
Epiretinal membrane is avascular fibrous tissue which is adhered to the internal layers of retina in the
macular area. Patient may be asymptomatic or present with blurring of vision and metamorphopsia.
The idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane is more often seen in elderly but it could be present in young
patients in association with other vitreo-retinal diseases and following intraocular surgery. The
idiopathic Eperetinal Membrane in young patients are rare. Here we present a thirty one year healthy
women presented with idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane who gained full visual recovery following
the pars plana vitrectomy, membrane peeling and gas for its rarity.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Keywords: epiretinal membrane; idiopathic; young women
Risk Stratification on Systemic Target Organ Involvement Associated with Hypertensive Retinopathy
etiological Pattern o FBlePHaroPtosis among Patients Presenting in teacHing HosPital
The purpose of this study was to find out the etiological pattern of blepharoptosis among patients
presenting in BPKLCOS, T.U. Teaching Hospital.
This was a hospital based descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted from February 2003 to
July 2004. A total of 125 patients with ptosis were evaluated. 78 cases (62.4%) were congenital and 47
cases (37.6 %) were acquired. Congenital simple ptosis and congenital complicated ptosis comprised
of 58% and 42% respectively. Among the acquired cause, ptosis due to trauma was the commonest
32%, followed by third cranial nerve palsy 25.5%, myasthenia gravis 17%, aponeurotic 10.7%,
chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia 8.5% etc. Aetiology-wise, myogenic ptosis was the
commonest (65.6%) which was followed by neurogenic (16.8%), traumatic (12%) and aponeurotic
ptosis (5.6%). Congenital ptosis is more common than acquired ptosis. Myogenic ptosis is the most
predominant type of ptosis. Among the congenital ptosis, congenital simple ptosis is more common
than congenital complicated ptosis. Among the acquired cases trauma, third cranial nerve palsy
and myasthenia gravis are the major attendees.
Key Words: Blepharoptosis, congenital, acquired, myogenic, neurogenic, aponeurotic
Prevalence, pattern and risk factors of retinal vein occlusion in an elderly population in Nepal: the Bhaktapur retina study
Abstract Background This study aims to explore the prevalence, pattern and risk factors of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in an elderly population of Nepal. Method One thousand eight hundred sixty subjects of age 60 years and above were enrolled in a population-based, cross-sectional study. Detailed history, visual acuity, anterior segment and posterior segment examinations were done. Blood pressure, non-fasting blood sugar, body mass index and abdominal girth were measured. Retinal vein occlusions were further divided into branch retinal (BRVO), hemi-retinal and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Result Age ranged from 60 to 95 years with a mean of 69.64 ± 7.31 years. Overall population prevalence for RVO was 2.95% (95% Confidence interval (CI): 2.23–3.83), BRVO 2.74% (95% CI: 2.05–3.58) and CRVO 0.21% (95% CI: 0.06–0.55). BRVO was seen in 51 subjects (92.73%) and CRVO in 4 (7.27%). Among the total RVO, unilateral and bilateral involvement was 85.45% and 14.55%, respectively. Among the subjects with BRVO and CRVO, 37.25% and 50% had low vision, respectively. The risk of RVO increased with ageing and was more among males. There was an increased risk of RVO among those with hypertension, and with diabetes and hypertension. There was also an increased risk of RVO among subjects with hypermetropia, those with pseudophakia and those who were smokers and consumed alcohol. Conclusion Retinal vein occlusion is a common retinal vascular disorder in the elderly population of Nepal. The main risk factors for RVO were increasing age and hypertension