Characterization of CN films by X-ray emission measurements

The local atomic bonding structure of carbon nitride films synthesized by the reactive ionized cluster beam method using X-ray emission spectra (XES) was examined. An ionized cluster beam system was used to prepare the carbon nitride films. The composition of carbon nitride films was measured with Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy techniques and the N/C ratio was found to be approximately 0.25. The XES measurements of the carbon nitride films showed a predominant proportion of sp bonded carbon and nitrogen atoms

Characterization of CN films by X-ray emission measurements

The local atomic bonding structure of carbon nitride films synthesized by the reactive ionized cluster beam method using X-ray emission spectra (XES) was examined. An ionized cluster beam system was used to prepare the carbon nitride films. The composition of carbon nitride films was measured with Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy techniques and the N/C ratio was found to be approximately 0.25. The XES measurements of the carbon nitride films showed a predominant proportion of sp bonded carbon and nitrogen atoms

Safety of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Major Gastrointestinal Surgery: A Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study

Background Significant safety concerns remain surrounding the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) following gastrointestinal surgery, leading to wide variation in their use. This study aimed to determine the safety profile of NSAIDs after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods Consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency abdominal surgery with a minimum one-night stay during a 3-month study period were eligible for inclusion. The administration of any NSAID within 3 days following surgery was the main independent variable. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day postoperative major complication rate, as defined by the Clavien–Dindo classification (Clavien–Dindo III–V). Propensity matching with multivariable logistic regression was used to produce odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals. Results From 9264 patients, 23.9 % (n = 2212) received postoperative NSAIDs. The overall major complication rate was 11.5 % (n = 1067). Following propensity matching and adjustment, use of NSAIDs were not significantly associated with any increase in major complications (OR 0.90, 0.60–1.34, p = 0.560). Conclusions Early use of postoperative NSAIDs was not associated with an increase in major complications following gastrointestinal surgery