1,515 research outputs found
Uncertainties in the --decay nuclear matrix elements
The nuclear matrix elements of the neutrinoless double beta decay
() of most nuclei with known -decay rates are
systematically evaluated using the Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation
(QRPA) and Renormalized QRPA (RQRPA). The experimental -decay
rate is used to adjust the most relevant parameter, the strength of the
particle-particle interaction. With such procedure the values become
essentially independent on single-particle basis size, the axial vector
quenching factor, etc. Theoretical arguments in favor of the adopted way of
determining the interaction parameters are presented. It is suggested that most
of the spread among the published 's can be ascribed to the choices
of implicit and explicit parameters, inherent to the QRPA method.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure. Contribution to MEDEX'05, Corfu, Greece, September
26 - 29, 2005. A short version of nucl-th/0503063, to be published in Czech.
J. Phy
Short-range correlations and neutrinoless double beta decay
In this work we report on the effects of short-range correlations upon the
matrix elements of neutrinoless double beta decay. We focus on the calculation
of the matrix elements of the neutrino-mass mode of neutrinoless double beta
decays of 48Ca and 76Ge. The nuclear-structure components of the calculation,
that is the participant nuclear wave functions, have been calculated in the
shell-model scheme for 48Ca and in the proton-neutron quasiparticle
random-phase approximation (pnQRPA) scheme for 76Ge. We compare the traditional
approach of using the Jastrow correlation function with the more complete
scheme of the unitary correlation operator method (UCOM). Our results indicate
that the Jastrow method vastly exaggerates the effects of short-range
correlations on the neutrinoless double beta decay nuclear matrix elements.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Physics Letters B (2007
Approximation of conformal mappings using conformally equivalent triangular lattices
Consider discrete conformal maps defined on the basis of two conformally
equivalent triangle meshes, that is edge lengths are related by scale factors
associated to the vertices. Given a smooth conformal map , we show that it
can be approximated by such discrete conformal maps . In
particular, let be an infinite regular triangulation of the plane with
congruent triangles and only acute angles (i.e.\ ). We scale this
tiling by and approximate a compact subset of the domain of
with a portion of it. For small enough we prove that there exists a
conformally equivalent triangle mesh whose scale factors are given by
on the boundary. Furthermore we show that the corresponding discrete
conformal maps converge to uniformly in with error of
order .Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures; v2 typos corrected, revised introduction, some
proofs extende
Exploring ultra-high-intensity wakefields in carbon nanotube arrays: An effective plasma-density approach
Nuclear matrix element for two neutrino double beta decay from 136Xe
The nuclear matrix element for the two neutrino double beta decay (DBD) of
136Xe was evaluated by FSQP (Fermi Surface Quasi Particle model), where
experimental GT strengths measured by the charge exchange reaction and those by
the beta decay rates were used. The 2 neutrino DBD matrix element is given by
the sum of products of the single beta matrix elements via low-lying (Fermi
Surface) quasi-particle states in the intermediate nucleus. 136Xe is the
semi-magic nucleus with the closed neutron-shell, and the beta + transitions
are almost blocked. Thus the 2 neutrino DBD is much suppressed. The evaluated 2
neutrino DBD matrix element is consistent with the observed value.Comment: 7 pages 6 figure
Mobilising Expertise and Resources to Close the Radiotherapy Gap in Cancer Care.
Closing the gap in cancer care within low- and middle-income countries and in indigenous and geographically isolated populations in high-income countries requires investment and innovation. This is particularly true for radiotherapy, for which the global disparity is one of the largest in healthcare today. New models and paradigms and non-traditional collaborations have been proposed to improve global equity in cancer control. We describe recent initiatives from within the radiation oncology community to increase access to treatment, build the low- and middle-income countries\u27 radiation oncology workforce, mobilise more professionals from within high-income countries and raise awareness of the global need for equitable cancer care
Fully-Renormalized QRPA fulfills Ikeda sum rule exactly
The renormalized quasiparticle-RPA is reformulated for even-even nuclei using
restrictions imposed by the commutativity of the phonon creation operator with
the total particle number operator. This new version, Fully-Renormalized QRPA
(FR-QRPA), is free from the spurious low-energy solutions. Analytical proof is
given that the Ikeda sum rule is fullfiled within the FR-QRPA.Comment: 9 page
Resilience and the End(s) of the Politics of Adaptation
This closing article focuses on the problematic of the politics of adaptation and suggests that resilience appears to be increasingly exhausted as a governmental or analytical framing. The article is in three sections. The first provides an overview of the problems facing adaptation today, especially where ‘top-down’ or ‘engineering’ approaches to resilience are considered to be artificial or ‘coercive’. The second section analyses alternative approaches to adaptation, from the bottom-up, often relying on the engagement of local communities, aided by the rolling out of ubiquitous computational technologies, like the Internet of Things. In closing, I suggest that resilience as a policy framework of adaptation appears to be drawing to a close as it lacks an adequate agential or transformative aspect: it is always too oriented to adapting to feedbacks and modulating around sustaining what exists
Tunneling-assisted impact ionization fronts in semiconductors
We propose a novel type of ionization front in layered semiconductor
structures. The propagation is due to the interplay of band-to-band tunneling
and impact ionization. Our numerical simulations show that the front can be
triggered when an extremely sharp voltage ramp () is
applied in reverse direction to a Si structure that is connected in
series with an external load. The triggering occurs after a delay of 0.7 to 0.8
ns. The maximal electrical field at the front edge exceeds .
The front velocity is 40 times faster than the saturated drift velocity
. The front passes through the base with a thickness of
within approximately 30 ps, filling it with dense electron-hole plasma. This
passage is accompanied by a voltage drop from 8 kV to dozens of volts. In this
way a voltage pulse with a ramp up to can be applied to the
load. The possibility to form a kilovolt pulse with such a voltage rise rate
sets new frontiers in pulse power electronics.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
Time--delay autosynchronization of the spatio-temporal dynamics in resonant tunneling diodes
The double barrier resonant tunneling diode exhibits complex spatio-temporal
patterns including low-dimensional chaos when operated in an active external
circuit. We demonstrate how autosynchronization by time--delayed feedback
control can be used to select and stabilize specific current density patterns
in a noninvasive way. We compare the efficiency of different control schemes
involving feedback in either local spatial or global degrees of freedom. The
numerically obtained Floquet exponents are explained by analytical results from
linear stability analysis.Comment: 10 pages, 16 figure
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