Co-existence of tetragonal and monoclinic phases and multiferroic properties for x <= 0.30 in the (1-x)Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O-3-(x)BiFeO3 system

Compositions with x <= 0.30 in the system (1- x)Pb(Zro(0.52)Ti(0.48))O-3-(x)BiFeO3 were synthesized by sol-gel method. Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction data reveals tetragonal structure (P4mm) for x <= 0.05 and monoclinic (Cm) phase along with the existence of tetragonal phase for 0.10 <= x <= 0.25 and monoclinic phase for x = 0.30. Transformation of E(2TO) and E + B1 vibrational modes in the range 210-250 cm(-1) (present for x <= 0.25) into A' + A `' modes at similar to 236 cm(-1) for x = 0.30, and occurrence of new vibrational modes A' and A `' in Raman spectra for x >= 0.10 unambiguously support the presence of monoclinic phase. Occurrence of remnant polarisation and enhanced magnetization with concentration of BiFeO3 indicates superior multiferroic properties. Variation of magneto-capacitance with applied magnetic field is a strong evidence of magneto-electric multiferroic coupling in these materials. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Investigation of structural, dielectric, and magnetic properties of hard and soft mixed ferrite composites

Barium ferrite (hard ferrite) and manganese nickel zinc ferrite (soft ferrite) were successfully synthesized by citrate gel combustion technique. They were used to form the composites by mixing them properly in required compositions (x)BaFe12O19-(1-x)Mn0.2Ni0.4Zn0.4Fe2O4 (0 <= x <= 1). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to investigate the different structural and morphological parameters of pure and mixed ferrite composites. XRD and SEM results confirmed the coexistence of both phases in the composite material. Moreover, it has been observed that the composites were constituted by nanosized particles. Structure of pure soft ferrite was found to be cubic and that of pure hard ferrite was hexagonal. Dielectric constant (epsilon' and epsilon '') and dielectric loss (tan delta) were analyzed as a function of frequency and composition and the behaviour is explained on the basis of Maxwell-Wagner model. It was observed that the dielectric loss decreases with the increase of hard ferrite content in the composite material. Magnetic measurements suggest the exchange coupling between the magnetizations of soft and hard ferrite grains. It has been observed that the coercivity increases with the increase of the volume of the hard phase in the composite material after an optimal value

Preparation and characterization chemistry of nano-crystalline Ni-Cu-Zn ferrite

In submitted research; nanocrystalline powders having elements Ni0.5Cu0.25Zn0.25Fe2 xInxO4 with varied amounts of indium ( x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) were grown-up by modified citrate to nitrate alchemy. The realism of single phase cubic spinel creation of the synthesized ferrite samples was studied by the DTA-TGA, XRD, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, VSM and dielectric measurements. SEM was applied to inspect the morphological variations and EDX was used to determine the compositional mass ratios. The studies on the dielectric constant (epsilon'), dielectric loss (epsilon `'), loss tangent (tan delta), ac conductivity (sigma(ac)), resistive and reactive parts of the impedance analysis (Z' and Z `') at room temperature were also carried out. The saturation magnetizations (Ms) were determined using the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Ms. decreased with the increase In3+ doping content, as Fe3+ of 5(mu B) ions are replaced by In3+ of 5 mu(B) ions. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved