Geometrical characterization of polymeric matrices by means of dielectric spectroscopy measurements

The dielectric behavior of water-imbibed highly porous polymeric matrices with randomly oriented interconnected pores has been investigated by means of dielectric relaxation spectroscopy in the frequency range from 1 kHz to 2 GHz. The confinement of an aqueous phase into mesoscopic regions (from 10 nm to 100 mm in size) inside the porous material results in the appearance of a new relaxation process due to the interfacial orientational polarization of the aqueous phase at the polymer interface. Within the framework of the effective medium theory approximation, based on the local porosity theory, the analysis of the dielectric spectra allows us to obtain the geometrical characterization of the system, as far as the pore distribution and the degree of pore inter-connectivity are concerned. We have investigated four different porous polymeric media prepared by different polymeric materials, with different size and shape of the pores and different degrees of interconnection. For each of them, we have derived two characteristic functions, the local porosity distribution mu(phi) and the local percolation probability lambda(phi), which completely characterize their geometrical properties, as far as the porosity is concerned. In particular, the knowledge of the percolation probability lambda(phi) represents a key parameter in the optimization of polymeric matrices for applications such as tissue engineering in order to meet the appropriate requirement for cell attachment, cell proliferation, tissue regeneration and nutrient flow and in the field chromatography, solid phase synthesis and scavenging

Geometric characterization of polymeric porous materials by means of dielectric spectroscopy measurements

The application of dielec. spectroscopy in the characterization of porous polymeric material is described. The methods enjoys easiness of execution and the possibility of studying a wide range of different porous materials in the swollen state. In this study its application in the investigation of the porous structure of morphol. very different porous materials is shown.The application of dielec. spectroscopy in the characterization of porous polymeric material is described. The methods enjoys easiness of execution and the possibility of studying a wide range of different porous materials in the swollen state. In this study its application in the investigation of the porous structure of morphol. very different porous materials is shown

Porous gelatin hydrogels by gas-in-liquid foam templating

In the present work, porous gelatin scaffolds were prepared by insufflating an inert gas ( argon) inside a concentrated solution of gelatin in the presence of a suitable polymeric surfactant in association with sodium dodecyl sulfate. The implementation of such an approach involved the design and manufacturing of a specially dedicated reactor. Foams were prepared at a temperature of 50 degrees C and then let gel at 4 degrees C. After purification, they were auto-cross-linked with EDC and freeze-dried. The scaffolds synthesised with this technique present a morphology characterised by pores of spherical symmetry highly interconnected by a plurality of interconnections and, as a consequence, are particularly suited for cell culturing. The dosage of the volume of the insufflated gas permits to modulate the scaffold pore and interconnect dimensions. In this way matrices characterised by void and interconnect average diameters ranging from 250 to 360 mu m and from 80 to 150 mu m, respectively, can be successfully obtained