Skills and capabilities for a sustainable and circular economy: The changing role of design

Implementing practices for a circular economy transforms the way companies do business, notably in the manufacturing industry. However, a circular economy requires a transformation of both production and consumption systems; the standard approach for creation, fabrication, and commerce of products is challenged. Authors repeatedly call for the development of new proficiencies to attend to system transformations, but these so far have not been described for design and engineering. Given that the design of a product directly influences the way a value chain will be managed, building circular, globally sustainable value chains inevitably signifies a fundamental change in the practice of design. Comprehensive analyses were conducted on case studies from a variety of multinational enterprises that are transforming their product strategies for climate change. Changes in design processes were identified, revealing a growing necessity for industry to employ new proficiencies that support closure of material loops. This paper contributes to existing literature by depicting successful practices being implemented in industry. A variety of new capabilities are key to design for a sustainable future; these range from deeper knowledge of material composition to rich understanding of social behaviour. Resulting from this research, learning goals are proposed to serve as guidance for manufacturing companies seeking to tackle climate change. Conclusions aim to encourage researchers and academics to respond to emerging needs by re-thinking education in design and engineering

MORPHOLOGY AND INTERNAL ARCHITECTURE OF A CHANGING CONTINENTAL SHELF: GULF OF MORROSQUILLO

La adquisición de 50 perfles batimétricos con sus correspondientes transectos de alta resolución (ecosonda de transducto­res de 200 y 12 kHz) colectados en el marco del proyecto Eaft-Colciencias: "Geomorfología de la plataforma somera del Departamento de Córdoba y del Golfo de Morrosquillo", permitió mapear la morfología (batimetría, pendiente, aspecto y relieve) y arquitectura estratigráfca del subfondo de la plataforma continental interna (profundidades < 10m) del Gol­fo de Morrosquillo. Visualizada a partir de un mapa batimétrico elaborado con base en registros digitales de 200 kHz, la morfología de la plataforma interna del Golfo se presenta en su mayor extensión como una superfcie cóncava hacia arriba, predominantemente erosional, que alcanza las profundidades de 10 m a distancias entre 2 y 3.5 km de la línea de costa actual. En algunas zonas localizadas (por ejemplo en el sector noreste del área de estudio), los registros disponibles evidencian importantes anomalías positivas de relieve, aparentemente correspondientes a volcanes de lodo recientes con cúspides bien conservadas y diámetros del orden de las decenas de metros; estas anomalías podrían corresponder también a escarpes asociados a fallas con actividad reciente. Los registros de ecosonda de 12 kHz ofrecen una resolución vertical entre 30 y 80 cm y penetraron en muchos sectores hasta 5m por debajo de la superfcie del fondo, evidenciando numerosos rasgos erosionales y depositacionales cubiertos, incluyendo escarpes, discordancias angulares y paleocanales colmatados. Estas geoformas del fondo y subfondo evidencian una dinámica Holocena activa en extremo, con componentes tectónica y eustática importantes.   Palabras Clave: Plataforma continental, geofísica de alta resolución, Holoceno, Geomorfología de costas.      Acquisition of 50 bathymetry and high resolution profles (echosounder transducers of 200 and 12 Khz respectively) col-lected under the EAFIT-COLCIENCIAS project "Geomorphology of the shallow shelf of Departamento de Cordoba and Golfo de Morrosquillo" allowed mapping the morphology and stratigraphic architecture of the inner shelf (depths < 10 m) seafoor and sub-seafoor under Gulf of Morrosquillo. The morphology of the inner shelf, as depicted on a bathymetry map based on 200 kHz soundings, appears broadly as a concave up, largely erosive surface that reaches the 10 m isobath at distances of 2 and 3.5 km from the shoreline. At several localized sites (such as in the NE of the study area), echosounder data provide evidence of positive terrain anomalies, apparently corresponding to recent mud volcanoes of well preserved tops tens of meters across, or recently faulted. The 12 kHz records, which offer a vertical resolution of 30 to 80 cm, were able to penetrate 5 m below the seafoor at various places, and allowed recognition of several buried erosional and deposi-tional features including scarps, angular unconformities, and flled paleochannels. These seafoor and subseafoor features are evidence of an extremely active Holocene dynamics, with important eustatic and tectonic components.   Keywords: Continental shelf, high resolution Geophysics, Holocene, coastal geomorphology.               &nbsp

MORPHOLOGY AND INTERNAL ARCHITECTURE OF A CHANGING CONTINENTAL SHELF: GULF OF MORROSQUILLO

La adquisición de 50 perfles batimétricos con sus correspondientes transectos de alta resolución (ecosonda de transducto­res de 200 y 12 kHz) colectados en el marco del proyecto Eaft-Colciencias: "Geomorfología de la plataforma somera del Departamento de Córdoba y del Golfo de Morrosquillo", permitió mapear la morfología (batimetría, pendiente, aspecto y relieve) y arquitectura estratigráfca del subfondo de la plataforma continental interna (profundidades < 10m) del Gol­fo de Morrosquillo. Visualizada a partir de un mapa batimétrico elaborado con base en registros digitales de 200 kHz, la morfología de la plataforma interna del Golfo se presenta en su mayor extensión como una superfcie cóncava hacia arriba, predominantemente erosional, que alcanza las profundidades de 10 m a distancias entre 2 y 3.5 km de la línea de costa actual. En algunas zonas localizadas (por ejemplo en el sector noreste del área de estudio), los registros disponibles evidencian importantes anomalías positivas de relieve, aparentemente correspondientes a volcanes de lodo recientes con cúspides bien conservadas y diámetros del orden de las decenas de metros; estas anomalías podrían corresponder también a escarpes asociados a fallas con actividad reciente. Los registros de ecosonda de 12 kHz ofrecen una resolución vertical entre 30 y 80 cm y penetraron en muchos sectores hasta 5m por debajo de la superfcie del fondo, evidenciando numerosos rasgos erosionales y depositacionales cubiertos, incluyendo escarpes, discordancias angulares y paleocanales colmatados. Estas geoformas del fondo y subfondo evidencian una dinámica Holocena activa en extremo, con componentes tectónica y eustática importantes.   Palabras Clave: Plataforma continental, geofísica de alta resolución, Holoceno, Geomorfología de costas.      Acquisition of 50 bathymetry and high resolution profles (echosounder transducers of 200 and 12 Khz respectively) col-lected under the EAFIT-COLCIENCIAS project "Geomorphology of the shallow shelf of Departamento de Cordoba and Golfo de Morrosquillo" allowed mapping the morphology and stratigraphic architecture of the inner shelf (depths < 10 m) seafoor and sub-seafoor under Gulf of Morrosquillo. The morphology of the inner shelf, as depicted on a bathymetry map based on 200 kHz soundings, appears broadly as a concave up, largely erosive surface that reaches the 10 m isobath at distances of 2 and 3.5 km from the shoreline. At several localized sites (such as in the NE of the study area), echosounder data provide evidence of positive terrain anomalies, apparently corresponding to recent mud volcanoes of well preserved tops tens of meters across, or recently faulted. The 12 kHz records, which offer a vertical resolution of 30 to 80 cm, were able to penetrate 5 m below the seafoor at various places, and allowed recognition of several buried erosional and deposi-tional features including scarps, angular unconformities, and flled paleochannels. These seafoor and subseafoor features are evidence of an extremely active Holocene dynamics, with important eustatic and tectonic components.   Keywords: Continental shelf, high resolution Geophysics, Holocene, coastal geomorphology.               &nbsp

Velocity-space sensitivity of the time-of-flight neutron spectrometer at JET

The velocity-space sensitivities of fast-ion diagnostics are often described by so-called weight functions. Recently, we formulated weight functions showing the velocity-space sensitivity of the often dominant beam-target part of neutron energy spectra. These weight functions for neutron emission spectrometry (NES) are independent of the particular NES diagnostic. Here we apply these NES weight functions to the time-of-flight spectrometer TOFOR at JET. By taking the instrumental response function of TOFOR into account, we calculate time-of-flight NES weight functions that enable us to directly determine the velocity-space sensitivity of a given part of a measured time-of-flight spectrum from TOFOR

Measurement of the mass difference between top quark and antiquark in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

Peer reviewe

O cuidado em saúde mental pelos agentes comunitários de saúde: o que aprendem em seu cotidiano de trabalho?

Este trabalho visa descrever o conhecimento em saúde mental construído pelo agente comunitário de saúde, concomitante à produção de cuidado em saúde mental. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, cujo referencial teórico é o Construcionismo Social. Os dados foram produzidos em grupos focais, analisados e elencados nas seguintes categorias temáticas: “A gente precisa orientar as famílias”, que agrupa os entidos relacionados à construção do cuidado às famílias que convivem com o sofrimento mental; “Só de você parar e ouvir...”, onde se descrevem os repertórios relacionados ao uso de tecnologias relacionais de cuidado; “Nós sabemos disso, porque nós andamos ali”, que delineia as estratégias para construção de saberes e, finalmente, a categoria que descreve os sentidos do medo do louco: “A gente tem medo daquilo que a gente vê”. Conclui-se que os conhecimentos construídos no cotidiano de trabalho dos agentes comunitários de saúde, quando refletidos e sistematizados, são potentes para a produção de práticas de cuidado condizentes com o paradigma psicossocial de atenção a pessoas e famílias em sofrimento mental

Comportamento de poedeiras criadas a diferentes densidades e tamanhos de grupo em ambiente enriquecido

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar diferenças comportamentais entre poedeiras criadas sob diferentes densidades e tamanhos de grupo, em condições de ambiente enriquecido. Foram utilizadas poedeiras Isa Brown com idade entre 30 e 32 semanas alojadas em galpões de escala reduzida e distorcida. As aves foram criadas durante 28 dias, em baias com cama de maravalha, poleiro e ninho. Foram avaliados dois tamanhos de grupos (6 e 12 aves) e duas densidades de criação (774 e 1.440 cm² por ave), em arranjo fatorial com três repetições. Em amostras de vídeo de 15 min, foram registrados as frequências e os tempos de expressão dos comportamentos: arrumar penas, banho de areia, bater asas, beber água, bicar, coçar a cabeça, ciscar, comer, empoleirar, esticar perna, perseguir, sentar e visitar o ninho. Foram observados efeitos significativos dos tratamentos e da interação entre eles. O grupo de seis aves manifestou aumento da frequência de comportamentos que indicam maior frustração das aves, independentemente da densidade. O tamanho de grupo é o fator mais importante para o bem-estar das aves

Relationship of edge localized mode burst times with divertor flux loop signal phase in JET

A phase relationship is identified between sequential edge localized modes (ELMs) occurrence times in a set of H-mode tokamak plasmas to the voltage measured in full flux azimuthal loops in the divertor region. We focus on plasmas in the Joint European Torus where a steady H-mode is sustained over several seconds, during which ELMs are observed in the Be II emission at the divertor. The ELMs analysed arise from intrinsic ELMing, in that there is no deliberate intent to control the ELMing process by external means. We use ELM timings derived from the Be II signal to perform direct time domain analysis of the full flux loop VLD2 and VLD3 signals, which provide a high cadence global measurement proportional to the voltage induced by changes in poloidal magnetic flux. Specifically, we examine how the time interval between pairs of successive ELMs is linked to the time-evolving phase of the full flux loop signals. Each ELM produces a clear early pulse in the full flux loop signals, whose peak time is used to condition our analysis. The arrival time of the following ELM, relative to this pulse, is found to fall into one of two categories: (i) prompt ELMs, which are directly paced by the initial response seen in the flux loop signals; and (ii) all other ELMs, which occur after the initial response of the full flux loop signals has decayed in amplitude. The times at which ELMs in category (ii) occur, relative to the first ELM of the pair, are clustered at times when the instantaneous phase of the full flux loop signal is close to its value at the time of the first ELM

Measurements of the ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) differential cross sections in pp collisions at s=7TeV

Differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum pTpT are presented for the production of ϒ(nS)ϒ(nS) (n = 1, 2, 3) states decaying into a pair of muons. Data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9View the MathML sourcefb−1 in pp collisions at View the MathML sources=7TeV were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The analysis selects events with dimuon rapidity |y|<1.2|y|<1.2 and dimuon transverse momentum in the range View the MathML source10<pT<100GeV. The measurements show a transition from an exponential to a power-law behavior at View the MathML sourcepT≈20GeV for the three ϒ states. Above that transition, the ϒ(3S)ϒ(3S) spectrum is significantly harder than that of the ϒ(1S)ϒ(1S). The ratios of the ϒ(3S)ϒ(3S) and ϒ(2S)ϒ(2S) differential cross sections to the ϒ(1S)ϒ(1S) cross section show a rise as pTpT increases at low pTpT, then become flatter at higher pTpT

Search for W ' -> tb in proton-proton collisions at root s=8 TeV

Peer reviewe