An Over-Massive Black Hole in the Compact Lenticular Galaxy NGC1277

All massive galaxies likely have supermassive black holes at their centers, and the masses of the black holes are known to correlate with properties of the host galaxy bulge component. Several explanations have been proposed for the existence of these locally-established empirical relationships; they include the non-causal, statistical process of galaxy-galaxy merging, direct feedback between the black hole and its host galaxy, or galaxy-galaxy merging and the subsequent violent relaxation and dissipation. The empirical scaling relations are thus important for distinguishing between various theoretical models of galaxy evolution, and they further form the basis for all black hole mass measurements at large distances. In particular, observations have shown that the mass of the black hole is typically 0.1% of the stellar bulge mass of the galaxy. The small galaxy NGC4486B currently has the largest published fraction of its mass in a black hole at 11%. Here we report observations of the stellar kinematics of NGC 1277, which is a compact, disky galaxy with a mass of 1.2 x 10^11 Msun. From the data, we determine that the mass of the central black hole is 1.7 x 10^10 Msun, or 59% its bulge mass. Five other compact galaxies have properties similar to NGC 1277 and therefore may also contain over-sized black holes. It is not yet known if these galaxies represent a tail of a distribution, or if disk-dominated galaxies fail to follow the normal black hole mass scaling relations.Comment: 7 pages. 6 figures. Nature. Animation at http://www.mpia.de/~bosch/blackholes.htm

An Experimental Study of Coconut Shell with Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregates and Cement to Concrete

High building material costs and demand can be a significant disadvantage for builders and contractors. The cost of raw materials such as wood, steel, and concrete is always growing, increasing the cost of projects. Due to the high demand for certain materials, they can be difficult to get on time, causing project delays. This is especially true when working on large-scale projects with short deadlines. This research presents an idea to minimize the problem by partially replacing the cement and coarse aggregates with sugarcane bagasse ash and coconut shell. The study has 3 main objectives: (1) To determine the effects of workability (slump cone test) and durability (water absorption test) of concrete when Coconut Shell and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash are used as partial replacements of cement and coarse aggregates after 7, 14, and 28 days of curing.The samples were tested using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) and the outcomes of the experiment revealed that CS and SCBA have a positive result on the properties of standard concrete

Geo-social gradients in predicted COVID-19 prevalence in Great Britain: results from 1 960 242 users of the COVID-19 Symptoms Study app

Understanding the geographical distribution of COVID-19 through the general population is key to the provision of adequate healthcare services. Using self-reported data from 1 960 242 unique users in Great Britain (GB) of the COVID-19 Symptom Study app, we estimated that, concurrent to the GB government sanctioning lockdown, COVID-19 was distributed across GB, with evidence of ’urban hotspots’. We found a geo-social gradient associated with predicted disease prevalence suggesting urban areas and areas of higher deprivation are most affected. Our results demonstrate use of self-reported symptoms data to provide focus on geographical areas with identified risk factors

Geo-social gradients in predicted COVID-19 prevalence in Great Britain: results from 1 960 242 users of the COVID-19 Symptoms Study app

Understanding the geographical distribution of COVID-19 through the general population is key to the provision of adequate healthcare services. Using self-reported data from 1 960 242 unique users in Great Britain (GB) of the COVID-19 Symptom Study app, we estimated that, concurrent to the GB government sanctioning lockdown, COVID-19 was distributed across GB, with evidence of ’urban hotspots’. We found a geo-social gradient associated with predicted disease prevalence suggesting urban areas and areas of higher deprivation are most affected. Our results demonstrate use of self-reported symptoms data to provide focus on geographical areas with identified risk factors

Probable delirium is a presenting symptom of COVID-19 in frail, older adults: a cohort study of 322 hospitalised and 535 community-based older adults

BACKGROUND: Frailty, increased vulnerability to physiological stressors, is associated with adverse outcomes. COVID-19 exhibits a more severe disease course in older, comorbid adults. Awareness of atypical presentations is critical to facilitate early identification. OBJECTIVE: To assess how frailty affects presenting COVID-19 symptoms in older adults. DESIGN: Observational cohort study of hospitalised older patients and self-report data for community-based older adults. SETTINGS: Admissions to St Thomas’ Hospital, London with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Community-based data for older adults using the COVID Symptom Study mobile application. SUBJECTS: Hospital cohort: patients aged 65 and over (n = 322); unscheduled hospital admission between 1 March 2020 and 5 May 2020; COVID-19 confirmed by RT-PCR of nasopharyngeal swab. Community-based cohort: participants aged 65 and over enrolled in the COVID Symptom Study (n = 535); reported test-positive for COVID-19 from 24 March (application launch) to 8 May 2020. METHODS: Multivariable logistic regression analysis performed on age-matched samples from hospital and community-based cohorts to ascertain association of frailty with symptoms of confirmed COVID-19. RESULTS: Hospital cohort: significantly higher prevalence of probable delirium in the frail sample, with no difference in fever or cough. Community-based cohort: significantly higher prevalence of possible delirium in frailer, older adults and fatigue and shortness of breath. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study demonstrating higher prevalence of probable delirium as a COVID-19 symptom in older adults with frailty compared to other older adults. This emphasises need for systematic frailty assessment and screening for delirium in acutely ill older patients in hospital and community settings. Clinicians should suspect COVID-19 in frail adults with delirium

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of a novel trypsin inhibitor from seeds of Copaifera langsdorffii

A novel trypsin inhibitor isolated from seeds of Copaifera langsdorffii was purified to homogeneity and crystallized. Crystals suitable for X-ray analysis were grown using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method at 291 K in sodium acetate buffer at pH values near 4.3 using PEG 4000 as precipitant. The crystals presented symmetry compatible with the space group P4(1)2(1)2 or P4(3)2(1)2, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 58.71, c = 93.75 Angstrom, and diffracted to 1.83 Angstrom resolution at the synchrotron source.5791316131

Borella, G. (Ed.), Colin Ward: Architettura del dissenso. Forme e pratiche alternative dello spazio urbano

Scheepstype: Tjalk. In augustus 1964 is dit schip op kavel F 34 aan de Lisdoddeweg bij het ploegen ontdekt en aansluitend verkend. In 1972 is het schip opgegraven en systematisch onderzocht. Het gaat om een stevig gebouwd, platboomd schip uit het midden van de zeventiende eeuw met een lengte van ongeveer 13,5 m en een breedte van 4 m. Een tjalk is een karveel gebouwd vrachtschip, met ronde boegen en een hoekig kim. Tjalken hadden een mast met spriet- of gaffeltuig en zijzwaarden. In de woonruimte van het schip bevonden zich een stookplaats, twee kooien en bergruimtes. De woonruimte was door een schot van het laadruim gescheiden. De kooien bevonden zich aan bakboord en aan stuurboord. De kooi aan bakboord was voorzien van een opbergkastje. De stookplaats bestond uit een rechthoekige houten kist, gevuld met zand met daarop een vloerplaat van gele bakstenen. De achterwand werd gevormd door een gietijzeren plaat. Een houten schouw zorgde voor de rookafvoer. In het schip zijn delen van de inventaris aangetroffen, onder andere enkele borden, kookpotten, een steelpan en een steengoed kruik maar ook gereedschap, diverse schoenen en laarzen en een zakbijbeltje

Ethnic Media and Identity Construction: The Representation of Women in the An Ethnic Newspaper in South Africa

Media are powerful agents of socialisation. Through representation, media helps in constructing and reproducing gender identities. The representation of how women are constructed by the media has travelled due to globalization. The 2006 Global Media Monitoring Project reveals that women are under-represented in news. The media are therefore construed as constructing gender subjectivity. For example, women are literally absent in news, politics and economics and hardly ever appear as spokespersons or as field experts. These subjective representations are often framed though the lenses of the media producers and are influenced by the political economy of the media. Media are therefore seen as representing a distorted version of women. Gallagher (2004), however states that in South Africa, the process of changing gender in the newsroom has started and media audiences, texts and institutions have changed, largely due to the persistent gender advocacy. Based on this, this paper sets out to investigate how Indian women are represented in a South African newspaper targeted at a cross-national ethnic readership. A qualitative methodology was used to analyse content and photographs appearing in ten consecutive publications of the newspaper. Themes emanating from the literature review were used to analyse newspaper content. The major findings of the investigation indicate that representations of the South African Indian woman has undoubtedly expanded, taking into account new roles and offering new identities, however certain stereotypical identities continue to prevail. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2013.v2n8p69

The dependence of dijet production on photon virtuality in ep collisions at HERA

The dependence of dijet production on the virtuality of the exchanged photon, Q^2, has been studied by measuring dijet cross sections in the range 0 < Q^2 < 2000 GeV^2 with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 38.6 pb^-1. Dijet cross sections were measured for jets with transverse energy E_T^jet > 7.5 and 6.5 GeV and pseudorapidities in the photon-proton centre-of-mass frame in the range -3 < eta^jet <0. The variable xg^obs, a measure of the photon momentum entering the hard process, was used to enhance the sensitivity of the measurement to the photon structure. The Q^2 dependence of the ratio of low- to high-xg^obs events was measured. Next-to-leading-order QCD predictions were found to generally underestimate the low-xg^obs contribution relative to that at high xg^obs. Monte Carlo models based on leading-logarithmic parton-showers, using a partonic structure for the photon which falls smoothly with increasing Q^2, provide a qualitative description of the data.Comment: 35 pages, 6 eps figures, submitted to Eur.Phys.J.