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Not AvailableTo minimize large-scale mortality of tissue culture raised grape plantlets during acclimatization, different mycorrhizal fungi viz., Glomus, Gigaspora, Aculospora, Enterophosphora, Scutellospora and a mixed strain were tried as biological hardening agents. Thirty-day-old in vitro rooted grape plantlets of cv. Pusa Seedless showed maximum root colonization with Glomus mossae, while Pusa Urvashi responded best with the mixed strain. Mycorrhizal plantlets were found to be faster in growth and possessed high shoot and root fresh and dry weights. The vines of the treated plants contained higher sugars and phenols, while the leaves had higher chlorophyll. Of the different nutrients analysed, P, Mg and Zn contents in the leaf were significantly higher compared to control. Mycorrhization resulted in higher plantlet survival, i.e. over 85.0% compared to 55.0% in non-mycorrhizal control.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableTissue culture has paved way for the rapid clonal multiplication in different horticultural plants. However, large-scale mortality of plantlets raised through this technique occur during acclimatization phase (Stage-IV), i.e. glasshouse hardening and later at field transfer. To ameliorate this problem in grape, an attempt was made to use different arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) strains, which could be inoculated to the roots of such plants to avoid the fungal attack especially those causing rots. Thirty-day-old, in vitro rooted plants of grape cv. Pusa Urvashi and Pusa Navrang were subjected to root colonization with five arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) strains viz. Glomus mossae, G. manihotis, G. deserticola, Gigaspora gigantia and Acaulospora laevis along with an un-inoculated control. Mycorrhizal plantlets showed improved vegetative growth, high shoot and root fresh and dry weight, leaf area, chlorophyll, sugars and phenol contents. Respiration rates were significantly reduced while photosynthetic rates were enhanced upto two times in AMF treated plants. The foliar tissues in treated plants showed improved nutrient contents especially for the P, Mg, Zn and Mn. Among the AM strains, G. mossae showed good (42.5%) root colonization for Pusa Urvashi, while G. manihotis was most responsive for Pusa Navrang. Though some of the strains did not give good colonization but drastically reduced the microbial attack. High plantlet survival was noted for the mycorrhizal plants after glasshouse and field transfer.Not Availabl