5 research outputs found
Enlarging the operational range of a gasoline HCCI engine by controlling the coolant temperature
The Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI)
engine combustion uses heat energy from trapped exhaust
gases enhanced by the piston compression heating to auto
ignite a premixed air/gasoline mixture. As the HCCI
combustion is controlled by the charge temperature,
composition and pressure, it therefore, prevents the use of a
direct control mechanism such as in the spark and diesel
combustion. Using a large amount of trapped residual gas
(TRG), is seen as one of the ways to achieve and control
HCCI in a certain operating range. By varying the amount of
TRG in the fresh air/fuel mixture (inside the cylinder), the
charge mixture temperature, composition and pressure can
be controlled and hence, the auto ignition timing and heat
release rate.
The controlled auto ignition (HCCI) engine concept has the
potential to be highly efficient and to produce low NOx,
carbon dioxide and particulate matter emissions. It has
however been found that the TRG promoted HCCI
combustion mainly depends on the quantity and quality of
TRG, that on the other hand depend on the combustion
quality of the previous cycle, valve timing, engine load and
speed. In that way, the operating range in terms of engine
load and speed, for a naturally aspirated HCCI engine, is
restricted by a misfire at low load and by fierce (knocking)
combustion at high load.
One possible approach to extend the operating range of the
HCCI combustion is to influence quality of the TRG by
adjusting the coolant temperature. The engine coolant
temperature influences the in-cylinder heat transfer process,
which in turn influences the charge mixture temperature and
therefore the HCCI combustion process itself.
The aim of this paper is to present tests and results obtained
on the single cylinder research engine, equipped with a
Fully Variable Valve Train (FVVT) run over a range of
coolant temperature in the HCCI combustion mode and
fuelled with gasoline fuel. The results obtained suggest that
with reducing the coolant temperature, the high load limit
can be extended up to 14%, while with increasing the
coolant temperature the low load limit can be extended up to
28%
An automotive engine charge-air intake conditioner system: analysis of fuel economy benefits in a gasoline engine application
A combination of analytical techniques has been used to quantify the potential fuel economy benefits of an automotive engine charge-air intake conditioner system applied to a spark-ignited gasoline engine. This system employs a compressor, intercooler, and expander to provide increased charge density with the possibility of reducing charge-air temperature below sink temperature. This reduction in charge-air temperature provides the potential for improved knock resistance at full load; thereby allowing the possibility of increasing compression ratio with corresponding benefits in thermodynamic cycle efficiency and part-load fuel economy. The four linked and interfaced models comprised a first-law thermodynamic model of the charge-air conditioner system, a one-dimensional engine cycle simulation, a two-zone combustion model, and a knock criterion model. An analysis was carried out under full load at 3000 r/min and showed that a charge-air conditioner system - with compressor, intercooler, and expander efficiencies of 0.8 - allowed the compression ratio to be increased by approximately half a ratio, which gave up to 1.5 per cent reduction in brake specific fuel consumption at 2000 r/min 2 bar brake mean effective pressure when compared with a conventional pressure charger intercooler system with no expander
An automotive engine charge-air intake conditioner system: thermodynamic analysis of performance characteristics
A first law thermodynamic model has been developed and used to characterize the performance of an automotive engine charge-air intake conditioner system. This system employs a compressor, intercooler, and expander to provide increased charge density with the possibility of reducing, the charge-air temperature below the sink temperature. The model was validated against experimental measurements. The variation of system effectiveness with compressor, intercooler, and expander efficiency was quantified and system operating limits were identified. While the expander was found to have a greater effect than the compressor, the performance of the system was shown to be most dependent upon intercooler effectiveness
The impact on engine performance of controlled auto ignition versus spark ignition with two methods of load control
This paper presents and discusses results taken from Lotus’ Research Active Valve Train (AVT) engine, in which advanced
combustion strategies can easily be investigated because of a the functionality of its Fully Variable Valve Train. In particular,
Controlled Auto Ignition can readily be initiated and controlled by a method of early exhaust valve closure and late inlet valve
opening to trap exhaust gas residuals within the cylinder from one cycle to the next.
The paper looks at the impact on fuel consumption and emissions (engine out BSNOx, BSTHC and BSCO) of Controlled Auto
Ignition versus Spark Ignition with load control either by conventional variable density throttling or by Early Inlet Valve Closure with
variable lift.
The points analysed are commonly used emissions comparison points: 1300rpm 2.95bar BMEP, 1500rpm 2.62bar BMEP, 2000rpm
2bar BMEP and 2500rpm 2.62bar BMEP
Enlarging the Operational Range of a Gasoline HCCI Engine By Controlling the Coolant Temperature
The Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI)
engine combustion uses heat energy from trapped exhaust
gases enhanced by the piston compression heating to auto
ignite a premixed air/gasoline mixture. As the HCCI
combustion is controlled by the charge temperature,
composition and pressure, it therefore, prevents the use of a
direct control mechanism such as in the spark and diesel
combustion. Using a large amount of trapped residual gas
(TRG), is seen as one of the ways to achieve and control
HCCI in a certain operating range. By varying the amount of
TRG in the fresh air/fuel mixture (inside the cylinder), the
charge mixture temperature, composition and pressure can
be controlled and hence, the auto ignition timing and heat
release rate.
The controlled auto ignition (HCCI) engine concept has the
potential to be highly efficient and to produce low NOx,
carbon dioxide and particulate matter emissions. It has
however been found that the TRG promoted HCCI
combustion mainly depends on the quantity and quality of
TRG, that on the other hand depend on the combustion
quality of the previous cycle, valve timing, engine load and
speed. In that way, the operating range in terms of engine
load and speed, for a naturally aspirated HCCI engine, is
restricted by a misfire at low load and by fierce (knocking)
combustion at high load.
One possible approach to extend the operating range of the
HCCI combustion is to influence quality of the TRG by
adjusting the coolant temperature. The engine coolant
temperature influences the in-cylinder heat transfer process,
which in turn influences the charge mixture temperature and
therefore the HCCI combustion process itself.
The aim of this paper is to present tests and results obtained
on the single cylinder research engine, equipped with a
Fully Variable Valve Train (FVVT) run over a range of
coolant temperature in the HCCI combustion mode and
fuelled with gasoline fuel. The results obtained suggest that
with reducing the coolant temperature, the high load limit
can be extended up to 14%, while with increasing the
coolant temperature the low load limit can be extended up to
28%