The responses of fruit fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the South Pacific area to male attractants

Specimens of Dacini were collected in traps containing male attractants in north-east Australia and 26 islands of the South Pacific area. The resulting species-attractant records are given for 79 species, which fit into 2 groups on the basis of their response to attractants: (1) species attracted to the cue-lure type of attractant (cue-lure and Willison's lure); (2) species attracted to methyl eugenol. No species was attracted to both types of attractants. Species of the genus Callantra and of both the Strumeta and Dacus groups of subgenera of the genus Dacus were attracted to the cue-lure type of attractant. Only species of the Strumeta group of subgenera were attracted to methyl eugenol

Revision of the Australian Tephritini (Diptera : Tephritidae)

The Australian fauna of Tephritini, a major tribe of the subfamily Tephritinae (Tephritidae), is revised for the first time; 23 genera and 77 species are treated. A further nine species are discussed but not named. Fourteen genera are revised and the following nine new genera described: Collessomyia, Cooronga, Hyalopeza, Liepana, Paraactinoptera, Parahyalopeza, Paraspathulina, Peneparoxyna and Quasicooronga. Twenty-four species are revised and the following 53 new species described: Campiglossa transversa, C. turneri, C. vaga, C. whitei, Collessomyia setiger, Cooronga mcalpinei, Dioxyna hyalina, Hyalopeza schneiderae, Liepana helichrysii, L. latifrons, Oedaspis apicalis, O. apiciclara, O. austrina, O . continua, O. gallicola, O. goodenia, O. mouldsi, O. olearia, O. perkinsi, O. semihyalina, O. serrata, O. trimaculata, O . whitei, Paraactinoptera collessi, Parahyalopeza bushi, Paraspathulina apicomacula, P. eremostigma, Paroxyna infrequens, Peneparoxyna minuta, Platensina trimaculata, Quasicooronga connecta, Q. disconnecta, Rhabdochaeta queenslandica, R. wedelia, Tephritis brunnea, T. bushi, T. distigmata, T. furcata, T. hesperia, T. pantosticta, T. phaeostigma, T. prolixa, T. protrusa, T. pumila, T. quasiprolixa, T. tasmaniae, T. trupanea, Trupanea bifida, T. heronensis, T. notata, T. prolata, T. pusilla and T. queenslandensis. Keys to genera and species are presented. Information is given on host plants and geographic distributions. The genera Chrysotrypanea Malloch and Oedaspoides Hendel are newly synonymised with Oedaspis Loew

The Bactrocera (Notodacus) xanthodes (Broun) Species Complex (Diptera: Tephritidae): Comparison of 18S rRNA Sequences from Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu Specimens Suggest Two Distinct Strains

Preliminary data suggest that fly specimens from Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu presently classified as Bactrocera (Notodacus) xanthodes (Broun) show significant divergence at the 18S ribosomal RNA gene level. Sequencing data indicate that the Vanuatu specimen may be considered a strain separate from that on Fiji and Tonga

New species of Dacinae (Diptera: Trypetidae) from the South Pacific area

Thirty-two new species of the genus Dacus are described and figured. New species are described from the following islands: Territory of Papua and New Guinea (Papua, New Guinea, New Britain, New Ireland, Lihir Island, Bougainville Island); New Hebrides (Efate Island, Malelmla Island); New Caledonia

Behavioural strategies of fruit flies of the genus Dacus (Diptera: Tephritidae) significant in mating and host-plant relationships

Adults of Dacus spp. feed on plant surface bacteria. The responses of D. tryoni (Froggatt) and D. cacuminatus (Hering) to some components of bacterial odours and to cue-lure were tested in a field-cage olfactometer, in studies in south-eastern Queensland. One component of bacterial emission, 2-butanone, attracted D. tryoni (a species responding to cue-lure) but not D. cacuminatus (a species responding to methyl eugenol) and is suggested as the attractive portion of the cue-lure molecule. Sexually mature males and immature females of D. tryoni responded to 2-butanone, cue-lure and bacterial odours in field-cage tests. Females fed on sugar and water required protein hydrolysate to produce eggs, but males were fertile with or without protein. These different nutrient requirements, and the fact that males and females possess different crop colour and bacterial contents when feeding in the same host-plant, indicate that the sexes feed on different substrates. Consequently, the strong bacterial attractant cues in the host-tree may be a feeding attractant to females and a sex attractant to males. It is proposed that 2-butanone is an important rendezvous stimulant in nature, bringing the mature male flies into the feeding and oviposition sites (host-trees) of the developing females for mating encounters

Bamboo-shoot fruit flies of Asia (Diptera: Tephritidae: Ceratitidinae)

The bamboo-shoot breeding Gastrozonini (Ceratitidinae) of Asia are reviewed, with 86 species recognized in 17 genera. One new genus and five new species are proposed: Cyrtostola gen. nov., Acroceratitis hardyi sp. nov., Acroceratitis tenmalaica sp. nov., Chaetellipsis kinabaluensis sp. nov., Chaetellipsis maculosa sp. nov., Paragastrozona trivittata sp. nov. Twenty-four species are placed as new synonyms: Acroceratitis clavifera (Hering), A. cognata Hardy and A. gladiella (Munro) [all of A. ceratitina (Bezzi)]; A. flava Premlata and Awtar Singh [of A. separata (Bezzi)]; A. maculata Premlata and Awtar Singh [of A. tomentosa Hardy]; A. similis Hardy [of A. siamensis (Munro)]; Acrotaeniostola helvenaca Ito [of A. sexvittata Hendel]; A. hoenei Hering [of A. scutellaris (Matsumura)]; A. quadrifasciata (Enderlein) [of A. quinaria (Coquillett)]; Carpophthorella luteiseta (Bezzi) [of C. capillata (Bezzi)]; Chaetellipsis atrata Hardy and C. occipitalis (Zia) [both of C. paradoxa Bezzi]; Galbifascia quadripunctata Hardy [of G. sexpunctata Hardy]; Gastrozona solitaria Hering [of G. proterva Hering]; Phaeospilodes atrifacies Hering, P. poeciloptera Kertész and P. torquata Hering [all of P. fenestella (Coquillett)]; P. fritilla Hardy [of Acroceratitis distincta (Zia)]; Prospilocosmia octavia Munro, P. punctata Shiraki and P. p. kotoshoensis Shiraki [all of Spilocosmia bakeri Bezzi]; Taeniostola apicata Hering and T. connecta Hendel [both of T. vittigera Bezzi]; T. melli Hering [of Paragastrozona vulgaris (Zia)]. Acrotaeniostola scutellaris (Matsumura) is accepted as a distinct species and Carpophthorella magnifica Hendel is removed from synonymy. Fifteen other species are placed in new combinations: Acrotaeniostola morosa (Hering), Chaetellipsis alternata (Zia), C. bivittata (Hardy), C. pretiosa (Hering), Cyrtostola limbata (Hendel), Dietheria gracilis (Bezzi), Paragastrozona apicemaculata (Hering), P. fukienica (Hering), P. orbata (Hering), P. vulgaris (Zia), Paraxarnuta extorris (Hering), P. interrupta (Hardy), Phaeospila dissimilis (Zia), P. megaspilota (Hardy), Phaeospilodes paragoga (Hering). Lectotypes are designated for Acroceratitis striata (Froggatt) and Phaeospilodes bambusae Hering. Three further species and four synonyms are noted in an appendix