On a possibility of inelasticity partial coefficient K sub gamma determination in pi C and pi Pb interactions at 10 to the 14th power eV (experiment PAMIR 1)

The investigation of hadron-nuclear interactions in Pamir experiment is carried out by means of X-ray emulsion chambers of two types: carbon (C) and lead (Pb). While comparing the results from the chambers of both types it was found a discrepancy in n sub h and E sub h(1)R values. The observed discrepancy in C and Pb chambers is connected with the difference in values of effective coefficients of energy transfer to the soft component K sub eff for C and Pb chambers

New device for air disinfection with a shielded UV radiation and ozone

Received: February 1st, 2021 ; Accepted: May 2nd, 2021 ; Published: May 7th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] air disinfection has become particularly relevant recently because of the Covid-19 pandemics. A shielded device for air and surface disinfection with UV radiation and ozone has been developed. It contains 28 low intensity (11 W) UV lamps (254 nm) in a specially designed three-dimensional grid to provide a large flow cross-sectional area and long path for the air particles to be irradiated. The device can be used in medical institutions, veterinary clinics, manufacturing plants, public premises, poultry, and livestock farms. It does not generate air-ions and ozone concentrations do not exceed the allowed 8-hour average values. The large number of UV lamps and powerful fans ensure air disinfection in large rooms in a relatively short time (400 m3 h -1 ). Simultaneously, the floor surface under the appliance is disinfected. Disinfection efficiency tests demonstrated 99.9999% reduction for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas phage Φ6 aerosols within a single transfer through the system (10 seconds of treatment). The housing of the device protects from direct UV radiation; therefore, people can be in the room during the operation of the device

COGNITIVE MECHANISMS OF HUMOR: ON THE ISSUE OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC FEATURES OF PERCEPTION OF A FOREIGN-LANGUAGE ANECDOTES

The direction of this research is to study the influence mechanisms of the personal psychological characteristics and his conceptual sphere on the perception of a text created in a foreign cultural space. In this study attempts to identify the emotional component in the perception of an anecdote by a foreign language consciousness in its comparison with the perception of native speakers of Russian linguoculture. The role of emotions as a mechanism organizing the perception of the text is considered, special attention is paid to the interiorization of the emotional and semantic dominant of a foreign humorous text.Направлением данного исследования является изучение механизмов влияния индивидуально-психологических особенностей человека и его концептосферы на восприятие текста, созданного в иноязычном культурном пространстве. В работе предпринимается попытка выявить эмоциональную составляющую при восприятии анекдота иноязычным сознанием в его сравнении с восприятием родными носителями русской лингвокультуры. Рассматривается роль эмоций как механизм, организующий восприятие текста, уделяется особое внимание интериоризации эмоционально-смысловой доминанты иноязычного юмористического текста

Analysis of the football players’ actual nutrition

Objective: to assess the actual nutrition of football players according to their personal daily energy expenditures.Materials and methods: the study of the actual nutrition of the athletes of the division II football team was carried out at the training camp. A total of 23 athletes participated in this study, including 3 goalkeepers, 3 attackers, 7 defenders, and 10 midfielders. The average age of the team is 24.2 ± 0.3 years. The collection of information on actual nutrition was carried out in two ways: using a 24­-hour dietary recall method for at least 2 days and frequency meal analysis method. The amount of food consumed was determined using lists that include information on portions and meals. The chemical composition and energy value of the diets were evaluated using two databases of Russian food composition tables. Energy expenditures were calculated using the heart rate monitoring.Results: study results show that the energy value of football players’daily ration averaged 2560.6 ± 150.6 kcal, while the average energy expenditure was 4100.0 ± 51.3 kcal/day. The study revealed high levels of fat (42 %) and EFA (14,8 %) consumption in terms of dietary intake, while the proportion of energy from carbohydrates was insufficient, only 43.1 %. Moreover, the athletes obtain 17.5 % of their energy intake from added sugar. In addition, the study revealed insufficient intake of vitamins A and B1 among 86 % of athletes, B2 — 79 %, niacin — 65 % and vitamin C — 72 %. Analysis of the daily intake of minerals revealed an insufficient calcium content in the 38 % of football players’ diets, magnesium — in 62 %, and low calcium to phosphorus ratio — in 44 % of diets.Conclusion: the data obtained showed a nutritional imbalance of the football players, both in intake of calories and in the nutrient consumption. 50 % of the athletes surveyed have insufficient protein intake, 80 % of those surveyed had high levels of fat and EFA consumption. The study revealed a high prevalence of genetic polymorphism associated with impaired bone mineralization. Considering that high performance sport requires a special approach to each athlete, taking into account his individual needs, the functional state of the body, genetic characteristics, the training phases, each athlete needs a personal diet, which will include certain products, vitamin and mineral supplements, and will definitely be adjusted in the future

THE DETERMINATION OF AMORPHOUS PHASE CONTENT IN MULTIPHASE SAMPLE BY THE X-RAY DIFFRACTION DATA

The method based on Least Square Algorithm for modeling the X-ray pattern as a sum of crystal and amorphous parts is proposed to determine the quantity of amorphous component in the pharmaceutical. It was measured at the specially prepared samples that the error of the method is less than 5%

Association of myeloid-derived suppressor cells with hematopoietic recovery after high-dose chemotherapy in multiple myeloma

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play an important role in the immune response regulation in many pathologies, primarily in malignant tumors, but their role in the hematopoietic stem cell engraftment and the hematopoietic recovery after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation remains practically unexplored. This study is aimed at studying the correlation between the number of MDSC subpopulations and blood parameters at the stage of hematopoietic recovery after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Circulating MDSCs were assessed at the stage of leukopenia recovery (absolute leukocyte count in peripheral blood (PB) > 1 x 109/L) by flow cytometry. The number of transplanted CD34+CD45+ hematopoietic stem cells was 4.38 x 106/kg (IQR (3.1—5.6) x 106/kg). The duration of recovery from leukopenia varied from 8 to 18 days (Me 12 days). The number of MDSCs at the engraftment was not associated with the number of CD34+ cells/kg in the graft. The relative number of monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs, CD14+HLA-DRlow/-) directly correlated with the number of monocytes at the stage of recovery from leukopenia (R = 0.417, p = 0.002). Granulocytic MDSCs (PMN-MDSCs, Lin-HLA-DR-CD33+CD66b+) were characterized by an inverse correlation with the number of monocytes (R = -0.493, p = 0.0003) while the association with the absolute number of neutrophils was weak (R = 0.273, p = 0.048). The number of lymphocytes at the stage of recovery from leukopenia had an inverse correlation with PMN-MDSCs (R = -0.347, p = 0.014) and did not correlate with M-MDSCs. When analyzing the duration of leukopenia, an inverse correlation with this indicator was revealed for the percentage and absolute number of M-MDSCs (R = -0.347, p = 0.018 and R = -0.469, p = 0.0008, respectively). Multiple regression analysis showed dependence of the lymphopenia duration on the proportion of circulating M-MDSCs (p = 0.014) and the number of transplanted CD34+ cells/kg (p = 0.032). According to the data of multivariate analysis of variance, the number of transplanted CD34+ cells/kg and the number of M-MDSCs were significant factors for the duration of leukopenia. At the same time, such clinical parameters as the depth of response and minimal residual disease status before high-dose chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, as well as the MM stage, did not affect the duration of hematopoietic recovery. Thus, the obtained results indicate the association of a higher number of M-MDSCs with a shorter duration of leukopenia after high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation and indicate a positive role of M-MDSCs in hematopoietic recovery in the early post-transplant period in patients with MM

Production of immunoregulatory molecules by induced erythroblasts at various stages of cell differentiation

Introduction. Bone marrow erythroblasts produce a wide range of cytokines with opposite biological effects. This may be due to a change in the spectrum of production of immunoregulatory mediators during differentiation and small qualitative and quantitative differences in the spectrum of cytokines produced at each stage of differentiation, which may be important for the regulation of hemo- and immunopoiesis.   The aim. To study the spectrum of production of mediators by erythroblasts at different stages of differentiation.   Methods. Erythroblasts were obtained from CD34+ bone marrow cells of healthy donors in the presence of recombinant cytokines. Phenotype assessment was performed using flow cytometry for erythroid (CD45, CD71, CD235a, CD44) and lymphoid markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD19). Blocking of erythroblast differentiation at different stages was carried out using specific blocking monoclonal antibodies to melanocortin receptors (MCR) of types 1, 2 and 5. Cytokine analysis in conditioned erythroblast media was performed using the Bio-Plex Pro Human Cytokine 48-Plex Screening Panel (Bio-Rad Laboratories, USA). Cytokine production was analyzed using the CytokineExplore online tool.   Results. The resulting erythroblasts are divided into positive and negative populations according to the CD45 marker, carry markers of erythroid cells CD71, CD235a and do not express linear markers of lymphoid cells. In type 1 MCR blockage, polychromatophilic erythroblasts predominate, in type 2 MCR blockage, basophilic erythroblasts predominate, and in type 5 MCR blockage, orthochromatophilic erythroblasts accumulate. According to the production of cytokines, it was shown that when using any of the blocking antibodies, we obtain cells that differ qualitatively and quantitatively in a number of mediators from the initial population of induced erythroblasts.   Conclusion. Thus, we have shown qualitative and quantitative differences in the production of mediators by erythroblasts depending on the stage of differentiation, which can lead to different regulatory effects

Healthcare delivery for HIV-positive people with tuberculosis in Europe

Background In a 2013 survey, we reported distinct discrepancies in delivery of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV services in eastern Europe (EE) vs. western Europe (WE). Objectives To verify the differences in TB and HIV services in EE vs. WE. Methods Twenty-three sites completed a survey in 2018 (EE, 14; WE, nine; 88% response rate). Results were compared across as well as within the two regions. When possible, results were compared with the 2013 survey. Results Delivery of healthcare was significantly less integrated in EE: provision of TB and HIV services at one site (36% in EE vs. 89% in WE; P = 0.034), and continued TB follow-up in one location (42% vs. 100%; P = 0.007). Although access to TB diagnostics, standard TB and HIV drugs was generally good, fewer sites in EE reported unlimited access to rifabutin/multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) drugs, HIV integrase inhibitors and opioid substitution therapy (OST). Compared with 2013, routine usage of GeneXpert was more common in EE in 2018 (54% vs. 92%; P = 0.073), as was access to moxifloxacin (46% vs. 91%; P = 0.033), linezolid (31% vs. 64%; P = 0.217), and bedaquiline (0% vs. 25%; P = 0.217). Integration of TB and HIV services (46% vs. 39%; P = 1.000) and provision of OST to patients with opioid dependency (54% vs. 46%; P = 0.695) remained unchanged. Conclusion Delivery of TB and HIV healthcare, including integration of TB and HIV care and access to MDR-TB drugs, still differs between WE and EE, as well as between individual EE sites

Biased diffusion in a piecewise linear random potential

We study the biased diffusion of particles moving in one direction under the action of a constant force in the presence of a piecewise linear random potential. Using the overdamped equation of motion, we represent the first and second moments of the particle position as inverse Laplace transforms. By applying to these transforms the ordinary and the modified Tauberian theorem, we determine the short- and long-time behavior of the mean-square displacement of particles. Our results show that while at short times the biased diffusion is always ballistic, at long times it can be either normal or anomalous. We formulate the conditions for normal and anomalous behavior and derive the laws of biased diffusion in both these cases.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

Synthesis and characterisation of new MO(OH)2 (M = Zr, Hf) oxyhydroxides and related Li2MO3 salts

Two new solid MO(OH)2 (M = Zr, Hf) oxyhydroxides have been synthesised by an ion-exchange reaction from Li2MO3 (M = Zr, Hf) precursors obtained by a citrate combustion technique. The crystal structure of the oxyhydroxides has been solved by direct methods and refined using Rietveld full profile fitting based on X-ray powder diffraction data. Both oxyhydroxides crystallize in a P21/c monoclinic unit cell and have a structure resembling that of the related salts. Detailed characterisation of the fine-structure features and chemical bonding in precursors and oxyhydroxide powders has been performed using vibrational spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, pair distribution function analysis and quantum-chemical modelling