MSW mediated neutrino decay and the solar neutrino problem

We investigate the solar neutrino problem assuming simultaneous presence of MSW transitions in the sun and neutrino decay on the way from sun to earth. We do a global $\chi^2$-analysis of the data on total rates in Cl, Ga and Superkamiokande (SK) experiments and the SK day-night spectrum data and determine the changes in the allowed region in the \dm - \tan^2\theta plane in presence of decay. We also discuss the implications for unstable neutrinos in the SNO experiment.Comment: Final version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Haplotype analysis of HLA-A, -B antigens and -DRB 1 alleles in south Indian HIV-1-infected patients with and without pulmonary tuberculosis

We have shown earlier the association of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A11 with resistance and HLA-B40 and -DR2 with susceptibility to HIV and HIV-TB. In the present study, we have attempted to find out the HLA-DR2 subtypes and the possible HLA-A/-B/-DRB1 haplotype combinations that are associated with susceptibility or resistance to HIV and HIV with pulmonary tuberculosis (HIV + PTB + ). HLA-DR2 subtyping was carried out by polymerase chain reaction-based sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe method. Overrepresentation of HLA-DRB1*1501 in HIV-positive PTB-negative (HIV + PTB–) patients ( P = 0.004, P c = 0.06) and -DRB1*1502 in HIV-positive PTB-positive (HIV + PTB + ) patients ( P = 0.019) was observed as compared to healthy controls. Haplotype analysis revealed an increased frequency of HLA-A2-DRB1*1501 haplotype in HIV + PTB– patients ( P = 0.008) and HLA-A2-DRB1*1502 among HIV + PTB + patients ( P = 0.01) compared to healthy controls. The haplotypes B40-DRB1*1501 and B40-DRB1*04 were found to be moderately increased in HIV + PTB– and HIV + PTB + patients ( P < 0.05). The study suggests that HLA-A2-DRB1*1501 haplotype may be associated with HIV infection while HLAA2- DRB1*1502 haplotype might be associated with susceptibility to PTB in HIV patients. Moreover, HLAB40- DRB1*1501 and HLA-B40-DRB1*04 haplotypes may be associated with susceptibility to HIV infection and to PTB in HIV patients