Pengaruh Berbagai Pupuk Organik terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Padi di Lahan Pasang Surut

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis pupuk organik yang terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil padi di lahan pasang surut. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 5 bulan dimulai dari persemaian pada tanggal 9 September 2012 hingga panen pada tanggal 28 Januari 2013. Penelitian dilaksanakan di daerah Sui Kakap Kecamatan Sui Kakap Kabupaten Kubu Raya pada tanah alluvial. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen lapangan pola Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 6 perlakuan, 4 ulangan serta 10 sampel tanaman sehingga diper oleh 24 unit percobaan. Adapun perlakuan sebagai berikut : p0 : tanpa penambahan pupuk organik, p1 : SSA, p2 : pupuk kotoran sapi, p3 : pupuk kotoran ayam, p4 : pupuk kotoran kambing, p5 : kompos. Variabel yang diamati meliputi : tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah anakan produktif (anakan), jumlah anakan maksimum (anakan), jumlah gabah per malai (butir), panjang malai (cm), persentase gabah isi per malai (%), berat 1000 biji gabah kering (g), hasil gabah kering per petakan (g) Pemberian pupuk organik memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap variabel tinggi tanaman pada umur 2 minggu, jumlah anakan maksimum, dan panjang malai. Pemberian pupuk organik berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap jumlah anakan produktif, jumlah gabah per malai, persentase gabah isi, berat 1000 biji gabah kering, dan hasil gabah kering per petakan

Analisa Kelayakan Investasi Usaha Pembenihan Ikan di Balai Benih Ikan (Bbi) Lokal Kabupaten Kubu Raya

Business Investment Feasibility Analysis of Fish Hatchery in Local Fish Breeding Center (BBI) of Kubu Raya Regency. Development of freshwater fish farming in Kubu Raya regency is highly depends on the availability of qualified fish seed, since it is the input for the fish farmers. In relation with the provision of qualified fish seeds, the local government through the Department of Fisheries and Marine has build a local fish breeding center (BBI) in Kubu Raya regencyas aunit that produces qulified fish seed. It aimstomeet the needs of fish seed in Kubu Raya, so that may contribute toan increase in local revenue (PAD). The objective of this researchare: to analyze the demand of the type and the amount of fish seeds in Kubu Raya regency, how muchfish seeds produced in accordance with the capacity of facilities and infrastructure in BBI;to analyze the feasibility of a fish hatchery business investments, how much profit sobtained compared to costs incurred by local governments which can contribute to the increased of PAD; and to analyze the sensitivity of investment feasibility fish hatchery operations in the event of changes in the factors that may affect the benefits and costs . This research was conducted by using a qualitative descriptive and Microsoft Excel program to assess the feasibility of business investment in fish hatchery local BBI of Kubu Raya regency. Based on the analysis of fish seed demand in Kubu Raya regency, namely 4.084 million seed catfish, 2.776 million tilapia and 808.640 carp, while in West Kalimantan fish seed requirement are 36,106,560 catfish, 20,913,680 tilapia and 20,482,880 carp. Fish seed production capacity in local BBI of Kubu Raya Regency is 2.288 million seed catfish, 1.884 million seed tilapia and 1.055 million seedcarp. The results of the feasibility analysis of business investment in fish hatchery local BBI of Kubu Raya regency shows NPV = 4,698,084, Net B/C 1.19, IRR 16.17% and PBP 5 years 1 month with10 years project duration, and thus the investment business in fish hatchery local BBI of Kubu Raya regencyis feasible. Sensitivity analysis shows that if there is an increase of production costs (feed, fertilizer, lime and drugs) of 7.62%, the value of profitability NPV = 4,575,511, net B/C 1.101, IRR 16, 11%, and PBP 5 years 6 months. In conclusion, business investment of fish hatcheries in local BBI Kubu Raya regency is feasible. Keywords : Demand seeds , investment feasibility, fish hatchery, Local BBI

Vegetable Farmer Behavior Analysis in Purchasing Insecticides (Case Study in Vegetable Farmers in Sungai Selamat Siantan Hilir District)

Vegetable Farmer Behavior Analysis in Purchasing insecticides (Case Study In Vegetable Farmers in Sungai Selamat Siantan Hilir District) The objectives of this study were: 1) determine the behavior of vegetable farmers in the purchase of insecticides based on product attributes in Sungai Selamat Siantan Hilir District and 2) identify the product attributes that taken into consideration in the purchase of insecticide. The research was conducted on vegetable farmers in the Sunagi Selamat Siantan hilir district North Pontianak within sampling by simple random sampling. Observed variables are variables which consists of consumer behavior and beliefs purchase evaluation based insecticide product attributes that include price, quality, volume and packaging manufacturers instructions indicated on the package label. It also investigated behavior is also influenced by external factors which include variable normative beliefs and motivation variables. Analysis of research data using the model of Fishbein multiatribut. Fishbein multi-attribute analysis results indicate that the value of a vegetable farmer attitudes to insecticide products is good on all three insecticides used are derived from the manufacturer Syngenta, Dupont and DGW. Quality attributes against insect pests of the class to be a major consideration in the purchase of the three insecticides. Keywords: Consumer Behavior, Vegetable Farmers, Purchasing insecticides

The use of energy looping between Tm3+^{3+} and Er3+^{3+} ions to obtain an intense upconversion under the 1208 nm radiation and its use in temperature sensing

The upconversion phenomenon allows for the emission of nanoparticles (NPs) under excitation with near-infrared (NIR) light. Such property is demanded in biology and medicine to detect or treat diseases such as tumours. The transparency of biological systems for NIR light is limited to three spectral ranges, called biological windows. However, the most frequently used excitation laser to obtain upconversion is out of these ranges, with a wavelength of around 975 nm. In this article, we show an alternative – Tm$^{3+}$/Er$^{3+}$-doped NPs that can convert 1208 nm excitation radiation, which is in the range of the 2$^{nd}$ biological window, to visible light within the 1$^{st}$ biological window. The spectroscopic properties of the core@shell NaYF$_4$:Tm$^{3+}$@NaYF$_4$ and NaYF$_4$:Er$^{3+}$,Tm$^{3+}$@NaYF$_4$ NPs revealed a complex mechanism responsible for the observed upconversion. To explain emission in the studied NPs, we propose an energy looping mechanism: a sequence of ground state absorption, energy transfers and cross-relaxation (CR) processes between Tm$^{3+}$ ions. Next, the excited Tm$^{3+}$ ions transfer the absorbed energy to Er3+ ions, which results in green, red and NIR emission at 526, 546, 660, 698, 802 and 982 nm. The ratio between these bands is temperature-dependent and can be used in remote optical thermometers with high relative temperature sensitivity, up to 2.37%/°C at 57 °C. The excitation and emission properties of the studied NPs fall within 1$^{st}$ and 2$^{nd}$ biological windows, making them promising candidates for studies in biological systems

Produksi Dan Kualitas Jerami Padi Sumber Hijauan Pakan Dengan Waktu Panen Dan Dosis Pupuk Berbeda : Production and Quality of Rice Straw as Forage Sources with Different Harvest Time and Fertilizer Doses

This study was  aimed to analyze the fertilizer  dosage and harvest age in Ciherang rice varieties to increase the rice straw production and quality. This study used a block randomized design with 3 x 4  blocks divided based on harvest age H1 = 114 days, H2 = 118 days and H3 = 122 days.  The treatment was fertilizer dose level which consists of 4 levels, namely: P0 (control) = Urea 55 g+SP-36 5 g+KCl 6 g, P1= Urea 63,25 g+SP-36 5 g+KCl 6 g, P2= Urea 71,50 g+SP-36 5 g+KCl 6 g dan P3= Urea 79,75 g+SP-36 5 g+KCl 6 g. The variables observed were straw production, grain production, filled grain production, empty grain production, crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) and Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance  followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that P3 was significantly (p< 0.05) the highest  among fertilizer dose level treatments on the  straw production (27.63 tons  ha-1), filled grain production (5.52 tons ha-1), and reduced empty grain (0.15 tons  ha-1). The Quality of rice straw were CP 7.49%, CF 20.35%, ADF 55.03 %). While at harvest age, H1 was significantly (p< 0.05) the highest  among harvest ages treatments on the variables of straw production 28.18%, empty grain production 0.21 tons  ha-1) and NDF 69.11%. It can be concluded that the best fertilizer  dosage was an addition of urea by 45% with harvesting  age of 114 days. Key words:        fertilizer, harvest age, production, quality, rice stra

Hunian. Rumah Betang (Agregasi Budaya. Alkimia Arsitektur Dayak Demi Fundamentalisme Arsitektur Nusantara)

Perang. Perang dunia satu dan dua telah memberikan berbagai macam efek negatif ke seluruh penjuru dunia dalam berbagai aspek. Salah satu aspeknya adalah budaya, dimana budaya luar memaksa masuk dan menggantikan budaya-budaya yang sudah ada, seperti yang telah diungkapkan oleh Rem koolhaas “in 1914, it made sense to talk about a ‘chinese' architecture, a ‘Swiss' architecture, an ‘Indian' architecture. one hundred years later, under the influence of wars, diverse political regimes, different states of development, national and International architectural movements, individual talents, friendships, random personal trajectories and technological developments, architectures that were once specific and local have become interchangeable and global. national identity has seemingly been sacrificed to modernity”. Sama halnya dengan Indonesia, arsitektur Nusantara telah dikorbankan demi komodernan. Lantas apakah seorang arsitek hanya akan tinggal diam melihat kasus ini? Untuk menangani kasus ini maka sudah tentu diperlukan sebuah upaya arsitektur untuk meresponnya. Sebuah percobaan melalui angan-angan “akan seperti apa arsitektur Nusantara (rumah betang) jika perang dunia satu dan dua tidak pernah terjadi?”, “akan seperti apa arsitektur Nusantara (rumah betang) jika budaya luar masuk dan ditanggapi dengan pemikiran kritis?”. Objek rancangan ini selain bertujuan untuk memvisualisasikan arsiektur Nusantara (rumah betang) sekaligus juga untuk mengembalikan identitas nasional dan fundamentalisme arsitektur nusantara, karena sejatinya kehilangan identitas nasional merupakan kekalahan terbesar yang dapat dialami oleh sebuah Negara

Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Kawasan tanpa Rokok Kota Padang Panjang

Latar belakang: 25,3% penduduk Kota Padang Panjang merokok setiap hari dan diperkirakan 91,9% diantaranya merokok di dalam rumah. Kawasan tanpa rokok menjadi cara alternatif untuk menurunkan prevalensi perokok dan mengurangi dampak merokok terhadap kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan peraturan daerah kawasan tanpa rokok di Kota Padang Panjang.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain mixed methods dengan rancangan sequential explanatory design. Data kuantitatif berasal dari masyarakat Kota Padang Panjang yang berusia 15-50 tahun dan tinggal sebelum/sejak tahun 2009 Sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh dari pejabat pemerintah, lembaga swadaya masyarakat dan tokoh masyarakat. Hasil: Prevalensi perokok tidak menurun di Kota Padang Panjang. Komitmen terhadap peraturan daerah kawasan tanpa rokok mengalami penurunan akibat pergantian Walikota. Mayoritas responden (94%) mendukung peraturan, 90% perokok tidak merokok di kawasan tanpa rokok dan lebih dari 50% perokok tidak merokok di smoking room, seperti di pasar (82%) dan terminal (78%).Kesimpulan: Pemerintah dan masyarakat harus kerja sama agar penerapan peraturan daerah kawasan tanpa rokok menjadi lebih efektif. Pemerintah perlu meningkatkan sosialisasi peraturan, bahaya merokok di tempat-tempat umum lainnya