United States 1917

Color1:11,000,00

Sherman's campaign from Chattanooga to Atlanta [1864]

Scale ca. 1:500,000.LC Civil War Maps (2nd ed.), 129.85From his History of the Civil War, 1861-1865. New York, The Macmillan Co., 1917. Facing p. 314.Map of northwest Georgia showing the "lines of works erected by the United States forces" in blue and "Confederate forces" in red.Description derived from published bibliography

Peptoid microsphere coatings to improve performance in sandwich ELISA microarrays

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) microarray performance is limited by low assay sensitivity and dynamic range. Increasing the surface area for reagent binding can help to improve performance, but standard techniques such as roughening the surface or adding a polymer coating lead to increased non-specific fluorescence and do not have reproducibly improved performance. Another approach to increase surface area is adding a microsphere coating on the surface. Poly-N-substituted glycine (peptoid) microspheres are ideal for this application due to low immunogenicity, protease-resistance, and biocompatibility. Peptoids are polymers with a backbone similar to peptides, but with the side chains appended to nitrogen rather than the alpha carbon. A variety of side chain chemistries can be incorporated into peptoids through a solid-phase, sequence-specific synthesis protocol. Here we report the development of sandwich ELISA microarray on peptoid microsphere coated glass slides. Coating morphology was evaluated via SEM and efficacy was assessed by ELISA microarray performance. Peptoid microsphere coated glass slides exhibit an increase in signal intensity and dynamic range as compared to commercially available microarray slides. These studies show the potential for peptoid microspheres as coatings for ELISA microarray slides, as well as for use in other biosensor applications

ELISA-BASE: an integrated bioinformatics tool for analyzing and tracking ELISA microarray data

Summary:ELISA-BASE is an open source database for capturing, organizing and analyzing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) microarray data. ELISA-BASE is an extension of the BioArray Software Environment (BASE) database system