2,087 research outputs found
Yukawa Structure with Maximal Predictability
A simple Ansatz for the quark mass matrices is considered, based on the
assumption of a power structure for the matrix elements and the requirement of
maximal predictability. A good fit to the present experimental data is obtained
and the position of the vertex of the unitarity triangle, i.e.
(\bar{\rho},\bar{\eta}), is predicted.Comment: 13 pages, 2 EPS figures, some modifications and references added;
version to appear in Phys. Lett.
Constraints on leptogenesis from a symmetry viewpoint
It is shown that type I seesaw models based on the standard model Lagrangian
extended with three heavy Majorana right-handed fields do not have leptogenesis
in leading order, if the symmetries of mass matrices are also the residual
symmetry of the Lagrangian. In particular, flavor models that lead to a
mass-independent leptonic mixing have a vanishing leptogenesis CP asymmetry.
Based on symmetry arguments, we prove that in these models the Dirac-neutrino
Yukawa coupling combinations relevant for leptogenesis are diagonal in the
physical basis where the charged leptons and heavy Majorana neutrinos are
diagonal.Comment: 5 pages; a few comments added; final version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Natural inflation in 5D warped backgrounds
In light of the five-year data from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe
(WMAP), we discuss models of inflation based on the pseudo Nambu-Goldstone
potential predicted in five-dimensional gauge theories for different
backgrounds: flat Minkowski, anti-de Sitter, and dilatonic spacetime. In this
framework, the inflaton potential is naturally flat due to shift symmetries and
the mass scales associated with it are related to 5D geometrical quantities.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures; matches version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Magnetized strangelets at finite temperature
The main properties of magnetized strangelets, namely, their energy per
baryon, radius and electric charge, are studied. Temperature effects are also
taken into account in order to study their stability compared to the 56Fe
isotope and non-magnetized strangelets using the liquid drop model. Massive
quarks are considered with the aim to have a more realistic description for
strangelets in the astrophysical context and the environment of heavy ion
colliders, playing also an important role in the thermodynamical quantities of
the quark gas. It is concluded that the presence of a magnetic field tends to
stabilize more the strangelets, even when temperature effects are taken into
account. Magnetized strangelets in a paired superconductor phase (magnetized
color flavor locked phase) are also discussed. It is shown that they are more
stable than ordinary magnetized strangelets for typical gap values of the order
of O(100) MeV.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, discussion extended, new references adde
Radiatively induced leptogenesis in a minimal seesaw model
We study the possibility that the baryon asymmetry of the universe is
generated in a minimal seesaw scenario where two right-handed Majorana
neutrinos with degenerate masses are added to the standard model particle
content. In the usual framework of thermal leptogenesis, a nonzero
asymmetry can be obtained through the mass splitting induced by the running of
the heavy Majorana neutrino masses from their degeneracy scale down to the
seesaw scale. Although, in the light of the present neutrino oscillation data,
the produced baryon asymmetry turns out to be smaller than the experimental
value, the present mechanism could be viable in simple extensions of the
standard model.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, uses RevTeX4, calculations improved, comments
adde
Anomaly-free constraints in neutrino seesaw models
The implementation of seesaw mechanisms to give mass to neutrinos in the
presence of an anomaly-free U(1)_X gauge symmetry is discussed in the context
of minimal extensions of the standard model. It is shown that type-I and
type-III seesaw mechanisms cannot be simultaneously implemented with an
anomaly-free local U(1)_X, unless the symmetry is a replica of the well-known
hypercharge. For combined type-I/II or type-III/II seesaw models it is always
possible to find nontrivial anomaly-free charge assignments, which are however
tightly constrained, if the new neutral gauge boson is kinematically accessible
at LHC. The discovery of the latter and the measurement of its decays into
third-generation quarks, as well as its mixing with the standard Z boson, would
allow one to discriminate among different seesaw realizations.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; final version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Aspects of thermal leptogenesis in braneworld cosmology
The mechanism of thermal leptogenesis is investigated in the high-energy
regime of braneworld cosmology. Within the simplest seesaw framework with
hierarchical heavy Majorana neutrinos, we study the implications of the
modified Friedmann equation on the realization of this mechanism. In contrast
with the usual leptogenesis scenario of standard cosmology, where low-energy
neutrino data favors a mildly strong washout regime, we find that leptogenesis
in the braneworld regime is successfully realized in a weak washout regime.
Furthermore, a quasi-degenerate light neutrino mass spectrum is found to be
compatible with this scenario. For an initially vanishing heavy Majorana
neutrino abundance, thermal leptogenesis in the brane requires the decaying
heavy Majorana neutrino mass to be M1 > 10^10 GeV and the fundamental
five-dimensional gravity scale 10^12 < M5 < 10^16 GeV, which corresponds to a
transition from brane to standard cosmology at temperatures 10^8 < Tt < 10^14
GeV.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, a few comments and references added. Final
version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Braneworld inflation from an effective field theory after WMAP three-year data
In light of the results from the WMAP three-year sky survey, we study an
inflationary model based on a single-field polynomial potential, with up to
quartic terms in the inflaton field. Our analysis is performed in the context
of the Randall-Sundrum II braneworld theory, and we consider both the
high-energy and low-energy (i.e. the standard cosmology case) limits of the
theory. We examine the parameter space of the model, which leads to both
large-field and small-field inflationary type solutions. We conclude that small
field inflation, for a potential with a negative mass square term, is in
general favored by current bounds on the tensor-to-scalar perturbation ratio
rs.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures; references updated and a few comments added;
final version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Electroweak Baryogenesis in the Presence of an Isosinglet Quark
We consider the possibility of electroweak baryogenesis in a simple extension
of the standard model with an extra singlet complex scalar and a vector-like
down quark. We show that in the present model the first-order electroweak phase
transition can be strong enough to avoid the baryon asymmetry washout by
sphalerons and that the CP-violating effects can be sufficient to explain the
observed baryon-to-entropy ratio nB/s ~ 10^(-10). Other appealing features of
the model include the generation of a CKM phase from spontaneous CP breaking at
a high energy scale and a possible solution of the strong CP problem through
the natural suppression of the parameter theta.Comment: LaTeX, 19 pages, 2 EPS figures, uses epsf, amsmath, amsfonts, amssym
Gravitational baryogenesis in Gauss-Bonnet braneworld cosmology
The mechanism of gravitational baryogenesis, based on the CPT-violating
gravitational interaction between the derivative of the Ricci scalar curvature
and the baryon-number current, is investigated in the context of the
Gauss-Bonnet braneworld cosmology. We study the constraints on the fundamental
five-dimensional gravity scale, the effective scale of B-violation and the
decoupling temperature, for the above mechanism to generate an acceptable
baryon asymmetry during the radiation-dominated era. The scenario of
gravitational leptogenesis, where the lepton-number violating interactions are
associated with the neutrino mass seesaw operator, is also considered.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, final version to appear in Phys. Rev.
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