It\u27s this war

it\u27s this war that\u27s raging off on the horizon my heart the war that\u27s singing missiles of love across the wire the war that\u27s wandering into my kitchen into the bath the news of the world the songs of the dead friends the great hope oflaughter as I step up into the light on the red red plain and wonder at the beauty ofspinifex off to the sk

Continuous Elastic Phase Transitions in Pure and Disordered Crystals

We review the theory of second--order (ferro--)elastic phase transitions, where the order parameter consists of a certain linear combination of strain tensor components, and the accompanying soft mode is an acoustic phonon. In three--dimensional crystals, the softening can occur in one-- or two--dimensional soft sectors. The ensuing anisotropy reduces the effect of fluctuations, rendering the critical behaviour of these systems classical for a one--dimensional soft sector, and classical with logarithmic corrections in case of a two--dimensional soft sector. The dynamical critical exponent is $z = 2$, and as a consequence the sound velocity vanishes as $c_s \propto | T - T_c |^{1/2}$, while the phonon damping coefficient is essentially temperature--independent. Disorder may lead to a variety of precursor effects and modified critical behaviour. Defects that locally soften the crystal may induce the phenomenon of local order parameter condensation. When the correlation length of the pure system exceeds the average defect separation $n_{\rm D}^{-1/3}$, a disorder--induced phase transition to a state with non--zero average order parameter can occur at a temperature $T_c(n_{\rm D})$ well above the transition temperature $T_c^0$ of the pure crystal. Near $T_c^0$, the order--parameter curve, susceptibility, and specific heat appear rounded. For $T < T_c(n_{\rm D})$ the spatial inhomogeneity induces a static central peak with finite $q$ width in the scattering cross section, accompanied by a dynamical component that is confined to the very vicinity of the disorder--induced phase transition.Comment: 26 pages, Latex (rs.sty now IS included), 11 figures can be obtained from U.C. T\"auber ([email protected]); will appear in Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. A (October 1996

US Arms for China-- A New Look

In the fall of 1975 Michael Pillsbury, an analyst with the Rand Corporation, authored an article in Foreign Affairs that examined the feasibility and advisability of initiating US military assistance and arms sales to the People\u27s Republic of China ( PRC) .1 This article produced a plethora of scholarly debate and, as could be expected, a strong and negative reaction from the Soviet Union.

Analysis of Milk Powder by Direct Nebulization into Inductively-coupled Plasma

Sample preparation has always been a tedious but important step in analysis involving Inductively Coupled plasma emission spectrometry. In addition, it may also be a source of sample contamination. The present work attempts to overcome these problems by nebulizing milk powder suspensions directly into the plasma. Various infant and full cream milk powders were dispersed in water as well as 0.5% triton-X solution. The suspensions were then analysed for calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium and sodium. These elements were successfully determined using inorganic standards with the addition of an internal standard to correct for the difference in viscosities

Is the Scottish population living dangerously? Prevalence of multiple risk factors: the Scottish Health Survey 2003

&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; Risk factors are often considered individually, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of combinations of multiple behavioural risk factors and their association with socioeconomic determinants.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Multinomial logistic regression was used to model the associations between socioeconomic factors and multiple risk factors from data in the Scottish Health Survey 2003. Prevalence of five main behavioural risk factors - smoking alcohol, diet, overweight/obesity, and physical inactivity, and the odds in relation to demographic, individual and area socioeconomic factors.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Full data were available on 6,574 subjects (80.7% of the survey sample). Nearly the whole adult population (97.5%) reported to have at least one behavioural risk factor; while 55% have three or more risk factors; and nearly 20% have four or all five risk factors. The most important determinants for having four or five multiple risk factors were low educational attainment which conferred around a 3-fold increased odds compared to high education; and residence in the most deprived communities (relative to least deprived) which had greater than 3-fold increased odds.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; The prevalence of multiple behavioural risk factors was high and the prevalence of absence of all risk factors very low. These behavioural patterns were socioeconomically determined. Policy to address factors needs to be joined up and better consider underlying socioeconomic circumstances.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt

Species of root maggots (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) of cruciferous crops in British Columbia

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Cancer incidence in a population potentially exposed to radium-226 at Dalgety Bay, Scotland.

Cancer incidence in the Dalgety Bay area of Fife, Scotland, was examined following the detection of radium-226 particles by routine radiation monitoring. The study was confounded by rapid population growth, demographic change and the relatively high socioeconomic status of the Dalgety Bay population. Health Board Primary Care Division records were used to calculate population estimates and Carstairs deprivation score was used to adjust for socioeconomic characteristics. In the period 1975-90, 211 residents were registered as having cancer compared with 214.21 expected from Scottish national rates. Of specific cancers possibly associated with radiation, the incidence of stomach, liver, lung, bone, prostate, bladder and kidney cancer and lymphoma were lower than expected while colon, rectum, pancreas, skin, breast and thyroid cancer and multiple myeloma and leukaemia were higher. There were three cases of childhood leukaemia compared with 1.22 expected. The only statistically significant differences observed were for pancreas (11 cases, O/E 2.28), lung (25 cases, O/E 0.65) and non-melanoma skin (36 cases, O/E 1.50). Stomach cancer was of borderline statistical significance (four cases, O/E 0.40). Adjustments for socioeconomic factors accounted for the apparently low incidence of stomach and lung cancer and, to a lesser extent, skin cancer, which remained of borderline statistical significance. Results in relation to pancreas cancer were unchanged. The observations of raised incidence of pancreas and skin cancer arose in the context of a survey of 17 cancer sites, from which the finding of two or more statistically significant results is not unusual (P = 0.21), and the numbers of cases involved were small. The epidemiological evidence for an association between radiation exposure and pancreas cancer risk is weak. Stronger evidence exists for an association with skin cancer. In the present study the anatomical distribution of the 36 cases was similar to that found elsewhere in Scotland