Vapor phase growth of group 3, 4, and 5 compounds by HCl transport of elements

Technique has been devised for vapor-phase epitaxial growth of group 3, 4, and 5 binary, ternary, or quaternary compounds by HCl transport of the constituent elements or dopants. Technique uses all the constituents of the alloy system in their elemental form. Transport of these elements by an HCl + H2 carrier gas facilitates their transport as subchlorides

Acrolein Dimer as a Marker for Direct Detection of Acrolein in Wine

Acrolein is highly toxic and its presence in wine has been correlated with the development of bitterness.Analytical detection and quantification in aqueous solutions are challenging due to high reactivityand problems with chemical derivative analysis. Here we demonstrate the potential of a naturalderivative, formed under conditions prevailing in wine, as a marker for acrolein detection. Solid-phasemicroextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was validated asa technique for direct detection of the acrolein dimer. Conventional GC-MS analysis using a quadrupolemass spectrometer did not provide sufficient chromatographic resolution for the separation of the targetanalyte from interfering compounds. Accurate mass measurements with time-of-flight (TOF)-MS, on theother hand, allowed qualitative and quantitative measurements of the acrolein dimer. This work lays theanalytical foundation for studies on the evolution of acrolein and its dimer in solution

Existence of solutions for a higher order non-local equation appearing in crack dynamics

In this paper, we prove the existence of non-negative solutions for a non-local higher order degenerate parabolic equation arising in the modeling of hydraulic fractures. The equation is similar to the well-known thin film equation, but the Laplace operator is replaced by a Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator, corresponding to the square root of the Laplace operator on a bounded domain with Neumann boundary conditions (which can also be defined using the periodic Hilbert transform). In our study, we have to deal with the usual difficulty associated to higher order equations (e.g. lack of maximum principle). However, there are important differences with, for instance, the thin film equation: First, our equation is nonlocal; Also the natural energy estimate is not as good as in the case of the thin film equation, and does not yields, for instance, boundedness and continuity of the solutions (our case is critical in dimension $1$ in that respect)

A revised generic classification for <em>Aloe</em> (Xanthorrhoeaceae subfam. Asphodeloideae)

Grace, Olwen M., Klopper, Ronell R., Smith, Gideon F., Crouch, Neil R., Figueiredo, Estrela, Rønsted, Nina, Van Wyk, Abraham E. (2013): A revised generic classification for Aloe (Xanthorrhoeaceae subfam. Asphodeloideae). Phytotaxa 76 (1): 7-14, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.76.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.76.1.

NEXUS/Physics: An interdisciplinary repurposing of physics for biologists

In response to increasing calls for the reform of the undergraduate science curriculum for life science majors and pre-medical students (Bio2010, Scientific Foundations for Future Physicians, Vision & Change), an interdisciplinary team has created NEXUS/Physics: a repurposing of an introductory physics curriculum for the life sciences. The curriculum interacts strongly and supportively with introductory biology and chemistry courses taken by life sciences students, with the goal of helping students build general, multi-discipline scientific competencies. In order to do this, our two-semester NEXUS/Physics course sequence is positioned as a second year course so students will have had some exposure to basic concepts in biology and chemistry. NEXUS/Physics stresses interdisciplinary examples and the content differs markedly from traditional introductory physics to facilitate this. It extends the discussion of energy to include interatomic potentials and chemical reactions, the discussion of thermodynamics to include enthalpy and Gibbs free energy, and includes a serious discussion of random vs. coherent motion including diffusion. The development of instructional materials is coordinated with careful education research. Both the new content and the results of the research are described in a series of papers for which this paper serves as an overview and context.Comment: 12 page

Kalanchoe winteri Gideon F.Sm., N.R.Crouch & Mich.Walters (Crassulaceae), a new species from the Wolkberg Centre of Endemism, South Africa

A new Kalanchoe species, K. winteri Gideon F.Sm., N.R.Crouch & Mich.Walters, is described from rocky grasslands of the Wolkberg region of Limpopo province, South Africa. The species is closely allied to both K. thyrsiflora Harv. and K. luciae Raym.-Hamet, from which it is readily separable on vegetative and reproductive characteristics.Eine neue Kalanchoe-Art, K. winteri Gideon F. Sm., N. R. Crouch & Mich.Walters, wird aus felsigen Grasländern der Wolkberg- Region in der Provinz Limpopo, Südafrika, beschrieben. Die Art ist nah mit K. thyrsiflora Harv. und K. luciae Raym.-Hamet verwandt, von denen sie leicht durch vegetative und generative Merkmale unterschieden werden kann.http://www.bcss.org.uk/brad.phpam2017Centre for Wildlife Managemen

A Novel Calculus? Institutional Change, Globalization and Industrial Conflict in Europe

Collective industrial conflict in Europe has declined dramatically since the 1970s. This decline is the result of significant changes in institutional factors, influencing the calculations of employees and their organizations when considering strike action. Declining union density and changes in market protection seem major influences, while institutional and legal changes are important explanations of persistent major inter-country variance. This indicates a novel industrial conflict calculus for employees, which entails a more restricted use, but not the withering away of the strike

Tunneling Conductance and Coulomb Blockade Peak Splitting of Two Quantum Dots Connected by a Quantum Point Contact

By using bosonization method and unitary transformation, we give a general relation between the dimensionless tunneling conductance and the fractional Coulomb blockade conductance peak splitting which is valid both for weak and strong transmission between two quantum dots, and show that the tunneling conductance has a linear temperature dependence in the low energy and low temperature limit.Comment: 12 pages, Revtex, no figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Reinstatement of Aloe candelabrum A.Berger (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), a tree-like aloe of KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa

Aloe candelabrum A.Berger (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), a stately, single-stemmed species from the KwaZulu-Natal province in eastern South Africa, which had been included in the synonymy of A. ferox Mill. for some years, is reinstated. The entire distribution range of A. candelabrum falls within the Maputoland-Pondoland Region of Endemism on the eastern seaboard of South Africa. In contrast, Aloe ferox occurs widely in the Western and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa, the southern Free State province, as well as southern Lesotho. It does not occur in KwaZulu-Natal.Aloe candelabrum A. Berger (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), eine stattliche, einstämmige Art aus der Provinz KwaZulu-Natal im östlichen Südafrika, die jahrelang in die Synonymie von A. ferox Mill. gestellt wurde, wird wieder anerkannt. Das gesamte Verbreitungsgebiet von A. candelabrum liegt innerhalb der Endemismus- Region Maputoland-Pondoland an der östlichen Meeresküste von Südafrika. Im Gegensatz dazu ist Aloe ferox weit verbreitet in den südafrikanischen Provinzen Western Cape und Eastern Cape, der südlichen Provinz Free State sowie im südlichen Lesotho; in KwaZulu-Natal kommt sie nicht vor.http://www.bcss.org.uk/brad.phpam2017Plant Scienc