82,644 research outputs found
Singular Effect of Disorder on Electronic Transport in Strong Coupling Electron-Phonon Systems
We solve the disordered Holstein model in three dimensions considering the
phonon variables to be classical. After mapping out the phases of the `clean'
strong coupling problem, we focus on the effect of disorder at strong
electron-phonon (EP) coupling. The presence of even weak disorder (i)
enormously enhances the resistivity (\rho) at T=0, simultaneously suppressing
the density of states at the Fermi level, (ii) suppresses the temperature
dependent increase of \rho, and (iii) leads to a regime with d\rho/dT <0. We
locate the origin of these anomalies in the disorder induced tendency towards
polaron formation, and the associated suppression in effective carrier density
and mobility. These results, explicitly at `metallic' density, are of direct
relevance to disordered EP materials like covalent semiconductors, the
manganites, and to anomalous transport in the A-15 compounds.Comment: Final versio
Structural Basis for the Anomalously Low Spontaneous Polarisation Values of the Polar Phase of Sr1-xCaxTiO3 (x=0.02, 0.04): Evidence for a Ferrielectric Ordering
Full pattern Le-Bail refinement using x-ray powder diffraction profiles of
Sr1-xCaxTiO3 for x=0.02, 0.04 in the temperature range 12 to 300 K reveals
anomalies in the unit cell parameters at 170, 225 K due to an
antiferrodistortive (cubic to tetragonal I4/mcm) phase transition and at ~32,
~34 K due to a transition to a polar phase (tetragonal I4/mcm to orthorhombic
Ic2m), respectively. The lower transition temperatures obtained by us are in
excellent agreement with those reported on the basis of the dielectric studies
by Bednorz and Muller, [10] who attributed these to ferroelectric transition.
Rietveld analysis of the diffraction profiles of the polar phase reveals
off-centre displacements of both Sr2+/Ca2+ and Ti4+ ions in the X-Y plane along
pseudocubic directions, in agreement with the experimentally reported
direction of easy polarization by Bednorz and Muller, but the resulting dipole
moments are shown to be ferrielectrically coupled in the neighbouring (001)
planes along the [001] direction leading to anomalously low values of the
spontaneous polarization at 12K.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures and 1 tabl
Electroweak Measurements of Neutron Densities in CREX and PREX at JLab, USA
Measurement of the parity-violating electron scattering asymmetry is an
established technique at Jefferson Lab and provides a new opportunity to
measure the weak charge distribution and hence pin down the neutron radius in
nuclei in a relatively clean and model-independent way. This is because the Z
boson of the weak interaction couples primarily to neutrons. We will describe
the PREX and CREX experiments on Pb and Ca respectively;
these are both doubly-magic nuclei whose first excited state can be
discriminated by the high resolution spectrometers at JLab. The heavier lead
nucleus, with a neutron excess, provides an interpretation of the neutron skin
thickness in terms of properties of bulk neutron matter. For the lighter
Ca nucleus, which is also rich in neutrons, microscopic nuclear theory
calculations are feasible and are sensitive to poorly constrained 3-neutron
forces.Comment: A contribution to the upcoming EPJA Special Volume on Nuclear
Symmetry Energ
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