Titan u procesu talenja sirovog željeza s povećanom količinom silicija

In connection with future utilization of magnetite - titanium ores deposited in Poland in the region of Suwałki - the test were performed to get information regarding the influence of titan and vanadium admixtures on the quality of pig iron and the run of blast furnace process. As a blast furnace charge, there were used magnetite - titanium concentrates similar to the ores deposited in the Suwałki region. The test consisted of iron ores sinter production and its usage in the process of preparation of foundry pig iron. The amount of TiO2 charge into the blast furnace was equal to 10 kg/Mg of pig iron. It was ascertained that the quality of sinter remained the same, but the output of sinter was lower by proxy. 4 %, compared to the production without TiO2 addition. These tests have proved the possibilities of utilization of titanium - bearing magnetite - concentrates in the portion up to 10 kg/Mg of pig iron, which gives possibilities to take advantages of entire deposit of titanium - bearing magnetite ores in Poland, using the blast furnace technology.Vezano za iskorištavanje magnetita - nalazišta titanske rudače u Poljskoj u području Suwalki - provedena su ispitivanja radi dobivanja informacija glede utjecaja smjese titana i vanadija na kvalitetu sirovog željeza i odvijanje procesa u visokoj peći. Kao šarže visoke peći koristile su se koncentracije magnetit - titan slične nalazištima rude u regionu Suwalke. Ispitivanje se vršilo na sinteru željezne rude i njenoj uporabi na procesu pripreme ljevačkog sirovog željeza. Količina šarže TiO2 u visokoj peći iznosila je do 10 kg/Mg sirovog željeza. Utvrđeno je, da je kvaliteta sintera ostala ista, ali je potrošnja sintera bila niža za približno 4 % u usporedbi s proizvodnjom bez dodavanja TiO2. Ova ispitivanja su dokazala mogućnost iskorištavanja koncentracije titana koji sadrži magnetit u odnosu od 10 kg/Mg sirovog željeza, što daje mogućnost da se u Poljskoj iskoristi cijelo nalazište magnetitne rude koja sadrži titan za potrebe tehnologije visoke peći

Ponašanje titanskih spojeva u procesu sinterovanja koncentrata titan-magnetit

The article presents the methods of identifying the behavior of titanium compounds in the process of sintering mixes containing titanium-magnetite concentrate of a basicity of 0,1 (without a limestone addition) and a basicity of 1,0 (with limestone added).Članak prikazuje metode identificiranja ponašanja titanskih spojeva u procesu sinterovanja mješavina koje sadrže koncentrat titan-magnetit bazičnosti 0,1 (bez dodavanja vapnenca) i bazičnosti 1,0 (s dodavanjem vapnenca)

Management of the pig iron Si and slag CaO/SiO2 technological indicators in order to produce pig iron with a titanium content below 0,02 %Ti

The article present the developed method for production of pig iron with a very low titanium content of Ti < 0,02 %, while taking into account specific charge conditions. A two-week preliminary pig iron production test carried out determined the direction in managing two technological indicators, namely pig iron [Si] content and slag (CaO/SiO2) basicity, to obtain pig iron with a [Ti] content below 0,02 %. Based on the data from the preliminary test, proper tests were carried out with a pig iron Si content in the range from 1,0 % to 1,6 % and a slag CaO/SiO2 basicity in the range from 0,96 to 1,10. Data obtained from those tests enabled a statistical model to be established in the form of regression planes of two independent variables, [Si] and (CaO/SiO2). The regression equation of the first degree, [Ti] = f[(Si), (CaO/SiO2)], defined the plane that gave the process engineer the answer to the question of how to manage the [Si] and (CaO/SiO2) indicators so as to obtain pig iron with the desired [Ti] content below 0,02 %

Sinteriranje mješavina rude koje sadrže koncentrate željeza s niskom koncentracijom SiO2 ispod 1,0 %

The investigation concerned the production of ore sinter from sinter mixes containing a concentrate of a very small grain size of below 0,1 mm and a low silicon content of below 1,0 % with an addition of 0,69 %, 8,5 % and 16 % of calcium (CaO) and 11,5 %, 16 % and 21 % of coke, respectively. The obtained sinter of a low Si content of below 1,0 % is partially metallised and may be used as an iron ore substitute for the steelmaking process.Istraživanje je vezano uz proizvodnju rudnog sintera od mješavina sintera koje sadrže koncentrat vrlo male veličine zrna od ispod 0,1 mm i niski udio silicija ispod 1,0 % s dodatkom od 0,69 %, 8,5 % i 16 % kalcija (CaO) i 11,5 %, 16 % i 21 % koksa, respektivno. Dobiveni sinter s niskim udjelom Si ispod 1,0 % je djelomično metaliziran i može se upotrijebiti kao zamjena za željeznu rudu za postupak proizvodnje čelika

Utjecaj promjena temperature plinova izgaranja tijekom strujanja oko horizontalnog cilindra na lokalni Nusseltov broj

The article the influence of changes of combustion gas temperature during flow around of horizontal cylinder on local Nu number was presented. In order to test an influence of effect waste gas temperature cycle of experimental investigations were conducted. Experimental tests were carried out on a properly designed measuring cylinder furnished with a number of thermocouples embedded along the cylinder perimeter. The cylinder was made from stainless steel of known thermal conductivity, and was cooled on the outer side through a water cooling system. The cylinder was placed horizontally in a heating chamber equipped with an axially positioned gas burner fired with natural gas. Gas and air feeds were regulated with control valves, based on combustion gas analyzer data.U članku se prezentira utjecaj promjena temperature plinova izgaranja tijekom strujanja oko horizontalnog cilindra na lokalni Nusseltov broj. U svrhu ispitivanja utjecaja temperature otpadnih plinova izvedena je serija eksperimenata. Eksperimenti su izvršeni na propisno izvedenom mjernom cilindru na kojeg su po opsegu postavljeni termoparovi. Cilindar je načinjen od nehrđajućeg čelika poznate toplinske provodnosti i s vanjske strane hlađen pomoću rashladnog sustava s vodom. Cilindar je smješten horizontalno u komoru za zagrijavanje opremeljnu s aksijalno postavljenim plinskim plamenikom na prirodni plin. Dovod plina i zraka regulira se pomoću kontrolnih ventila, temeljen na podacima iz analizatora dimnih plinova

Public Relations (Odnosi s javosti) preko interneta na primjerima metalurške industrije u Poljskoj i u svijetu

A short history of the development of the WWW and online marketing have been outlined in the article. The work of Public Relations as a promotion-mix tool have been presented. The WWW site has been characterized as a basic tool of communication on the Internet (using the examples of WWW sites in the metallurgical industry in Poland and in the world). Moreover, the target groups of online Public Relations have also been presented.U članku smo u sažetom obliku prikazali razvoj WWW i online marketinga. Prikazan je rad na odnosima s javnosti kao promotivni alat za komunikaciju na Internetu (koristili su se primjeri WWW stranica metalurške industrije u Poljskoj i u svijetu). Štoviše, prikazane su i ciljne grupe online Public Relations

Sinergija površinskog sloja alatnog čelika poslije naugljičenja kao pokazatelj uporabne kakvoće

In the paper the results of the investigation on surface layer of carburized X150CrMoV12-1 tool steel are presented. Abrasive wearing of the surface was determined according the ASTM G77-98 method. The microstructure of the matrix and distribution of carbides were observed in a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). A correlation between the investigated parameters (microstructure/carbides distribution) was found.Članak daje rezultate istraživanja naugljičenog površinskog sloja alatnog čelika X150CrMoV12-1. Abrazivno trošenje površine određeno je sukladno metodi ASTM G77-98. Mikrostruktura materijala i raspodjela karbida promatrana je na skening elektronskom mikroskopu (SEM). Utvrđena je zavisnost između istraživanih parametara (raspodjela mikrostruktura/karbidi)

The Balance of Titanium and Vanadium in the Blast Furnace with the Use of Sinter Containing a Titanium-Vanadium-Magnetite Concentrate

The investigation concerned the use of sinter containing a titanium-vanadium-magnetite concentrate for the production of pig iron. Sinter containing 0,46 to 0,51 % TiO2 and 0,056 to 0,060 % vanadium was used for pig iron production in the blast furnace. Introducing 200 kg of this concentrate to the1 Mg sinter mix did not cause any deterioration of sinter quality

Fizički tijek materijala i pridruženi troškovi u procesu proizvodnje u valjaonici

Efficiency of resources use is, in a large extent, determined by the organization of production flow and the way of their control. The optimization of materials flow in the production process requires the identification of physical flows of goods and it cost. In the article the physical flow process of materials stream in the production process in one of Polish rolling mill and also its logistics analysis and cost analysis are presented.Učinkovitost upotrebe resursa u velikome je dijelu određena organiziranjem toka proizvodnje i načinom njihove kontrole. Optimiziranje tijeka materijala u proizvodnom procesu iziskuje identificiranje fizičkog tijeka roba i njegovog troška. U članku je predstavljen fizički proces tijeka materijala u proizvodnom procesu u jednoj poljskoj valjaonici te njegova logistička analiza i analiza troškova