Ten challenging questions about SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) recently introduced as a global public health problem by the World Health Organization (WHO). The virus outbreak has been documented around the world. Updating data in different aspects of the virus could force us to revise our idea about the main questions concerning coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Areas covered: Although our knowledge about the SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 is largely based on the very limited data, the information is growing rapidly. The renewed answers to the specific research questions concerning updating data not only reveal gaps for future research but also re-categorized our information. Here, we attempt to briefly discuss 10 important questions about SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Expert opinion: Since our knowledge about different aspects of SARS-CoV-2 appears to be in its infancy and is rapidly changing, the provision of the right data is more difficult in this regard. However, we try to rely on results from more extensive research to answer the main questions about this new virus. Therefore, further studies, particularly in the context of the virus pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine development, are warranted. © 2020, © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Cultural effects of global businesses and multinational businesses: Localization versus globalization - middle-point cultural hybridization

The concept of globalization is a process in which countries, cultures, organizational cultures, and even organizational structures converge with each other and a single standard point of view in the world emerges, and it identifies and defines the differences of the elements. This shows that the processes of globalization and localization are always in interaction. Convergence brought by globalization shows that multinational enterprises perform standard activities at the global level. However, in contrast to this convergence, with the effect of localization, hybrid organizational structures are becoming important especially in order to provide competitive advantage in the national market. While creating hybrid organizational structures, attention is paid to establish a structure that will not hinder the coordination between the host country and the home country. In this context, the definitions of globalization, localization, hybridization, and how the complexity of their interactions are reflected in business strategies are discussed from a theoretical point of view