Seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections in voluntary and replacement blood donors in a tertiary care hospital blood bank of Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India: 5 years retrospective study

Background: Critical part of transfusion is effective screening of TTI, to reduce the risk of transmission is as safe as possible. The present study has undertaken to focus on seroprevalence of TTIs among both voluntary and replacement donors and also to project epidemiological data of TTIs in this community.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted from January 2014 to December 2018. All blood samples collected from donors were screened for HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and malaria according to blood bank policy. Before drawing blood, donors were asked to fill pre structured Blood bank questionnaire and consent form.Results: In this present 5-year study, total number of blood donor population was 54937, among them voluntary donors were 33891 and replacement donors were 21046. Out of 33891 voluntary donors, 33486(98.8%) were males and remaining 405(1.19%) were females. All replacement donors (21046) were males. The seroprevalence of HBV was highest, 1.82% (1003/54937) followed by HCV 0.31% (175/54937) in all the donors. The seropositivity for HIV is 0.23% (129/54937), for syphilis 0.04% (24/54937) and for malaria 0.01% (6/54937).Conclusions: National blood transfusion policy should be strengthening the standards and quality of screening across the country. For blood screening, resources and appropriate screening assays must be available at all health centres

A rare case of extensive idiopathic scrotal calcinosis

Idiopathic scrotal calcinosis (also known as “Idiopathic calcified nodules of the scrotum”) is a cutaneous condition characterized by the deposition of calcium and phosphorous salts on scrotal skin. It presents as solitary or multiple, typically asymptomatic, hard yellowish intradermal nodules. Its etiology and pathogenesis are still debated. We report a case of a 30 year old male patient affected by the same with review of literature

A study of CD4 count and cervical epithelial abnormality in HIV positive women

Introduction: Cervical epithelial cell abnormalities (ECA) can result in cervical cancer which is the most common cause of cancer related death especially in developing countries. The aim of the present study is to find the association of CD4 count and Cervical epithelial abnormality in HIV positive women. Materials and Methods: A study of association between cervical epithelial abnormality and CD4 count in HIV positive women was taken up in a Care and Support Hospital in collaboration with the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Ananthapuramu. Based on the observations, periodic cervical screening in HIV positive women is emphasized. Results: 3.03% of women showed presence of cervical epithelial abnormality among HIV positive women. More number of HSIL (50%) followed by LSIL (28.2%), ASCUS (20.16%) and Carcinoma Cervix (1.6%). Conclusion: Present study also emphasizes that patients with low CD4 count are at high risk of developing precancerous lesions of cervix. Hence periodic biannual cervical screening is required for HIV positive women whose CD4 count is below 200, to bring down the incidence of cervical malignancy and premalignant conditions