7 research outputs found
Transcriptional and epigenetic changes during tomato yellow leaf curl virus infection in tomato
Abstract Background Geminiviruses are DNA plant viruses that cause highly damaging diseases affecting crops worldwide. During the infection, geminiviruses hijack cellular processes, suppress plant defenses, and cause a massive reprogramming of the infected cells leading to major changes in the whole plant homeostasis. The advances in sequencing technologies allow the simultaneous analysis of multiple aspects of viral infection at a large scale, generating new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying plant-virus interactions. However, an integrative study of the changes in the host transcriptome, small RNA profile and methylome during a geminivirus infection has not been performed yet. Using a time-scale approach, we aim to decipher the gene regulation in tomato in response to the infection with the geminivirus, tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). Results We showed that tomato undergoes substantial transcriptional and post-transcriptional changes upon TYLCV infection and identified the main altered regulatory pathways. Interestingly, although the principal plant defense-related processes, gene silencing and the immune response were induced, this cannot prevent the establishment of the infection. Moreover, we identified extra- and intracellular immune receptors as targets for the deregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) and established a network for those that also produced phased secondary small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs). On the other hand, there were no significant genome-wide changes in tomato methylome at 14 days post infection, the time point at which the symptoms were general, and the amount of viral DNA had reached its maximum level, but we were able to identify differentially methylated regions that could be involved in the transcriptional regulation of some of the differentially expressed genes. Conclusion We have conducted a comprehensive and reliable study on the changes at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic levels in tomato throughout TYLCV infection. The generated genomic information is substantial for understanding the genetic, molecular and physiological changes caused by TYLCV infection in tomato
Precision transcriptomics of viral foci reveals the spatial regulation of immune‐signaling genes and identifies RBOHD
Modeling of gasification process of Indian coal in perspective of underground coal gasification (UCG)
Coal gasification process optimization for maximum calorific value and minimum CO2 emission using Taguchi method and utility concept
CO2 Reforming of CH4 on Mesoporous Alumina-Supported Cobalt Catalyst: Optimization of Lanthana Promoter Loading
Research Challenges Involving Coupled Flows in Geotechnical Engineering
Coupled fluid, chemical, heat, and electrical flows are common phenomena that arc relevant to a wide variety of applications in Geotechnical Engineering, including the use of engineered clay barriers for waste containment, electro-osmosis for soil consolidation, highly compacted bentonite buffers for high-level radioactive nuclear waste disposal, and electrokinetics for soil contaminant removal. among others. For all of these applications, a fundamental understanding of coupled flow phenomena is required, including the basis of the various phenomena. the potential effect of the phenomena on fundamental soil behavior, and the applicability of the phenomena in both natural and built environments. This chapter highlights some of the advances over the past approximate three decades, including the effects of osmotic phenomena (chemico-osmosis, electro-osmosis, and thermo-osmosis) on the mechanical behavior of clays, the formulations and measurement of coupled flow phenomena, the distinction between phenomenological and microscopic (physical-based) formalisms, and considerations with respect to both saturated and unsaturated soil conditions. Based on the description of these advances, research challenges pertaining lo the study of coupled flow phenomena for Geotechnical Engineering applications are identified