Temporomandibular joint remodeling for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders: a clinical case study

Introduction: The author (R. Wurgaft) has tried a unique way of splint therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorder. An orthopedic splint that only contact in the posterior occlusion, actually only the most distal contacts, is designed to distalize the mandible, and in turn to produce tissue remodeling of the temporomandibular joint. With this technique, it is possible to treat temporomandibular disorders in both adults and children by producing tissue remodeling. Method: Two clinical cases using this technique were performed. Result: improvement in temporomandibular disorder was obtained. Conclusion: It is possible for orthopedic splint with medial and posterior contacts only to produce TMJ remodeling in young and adult patients and to improve the TMD. Further clinical studies are warranted.published_or_final_versio

Pump it Up workshop report

Workshop held 28-29 September 2017, Cape Cod, MAA two-day workshop was conducted to trade ideas and brainstorm about how to advance our understanding of the ocean’s biological pump. The goal was to identify the most important scientific issues that are unresolved but might be addressed with new and future technological advances

Health and poverty: health management by the woman Salud y pobreza: el control de la salud por la mujer Saúde e pobreza: o controle da saúde pela mulher

The goal this follow-up study was to relate the mother's marital satisfaction to family health status in a low SES. The random sample was made up of 30 families with children under 7 years old: 15 considered as sick (Group A) and 15 as healthy (Group B). Both group had similar demographic characteristics (age of father and mother, persons per family group and age of children) and SES. Results showed that mothers were those mainly in charge of their family groups. Mothers of Group A were significantly less understanding and more dissatisfied than those of Group B ( p < .05 and p < .01). Mothers of Group A had significantly more arguments with their partners than those of Group B (p < .006). Health care was learned less from the child's own mother in group A than in B (p < .05). Health was considered by mothers of Group A as something that "must be taken care of" more than by those of Group B (p < .01). The behaviours of mothers in choosing one of the health systems was similar in both groups. Dissatisfied mothers were associated more with sick family members during the 6 month follow-up. It is suggested that the satisfaction of the mother is a factor that needs further investigation because health is managed by mothers is the large majority of families.<br>El objetivo de este estudio de seguimiento fue relacionar la satisfacción de la madre en su vida marital con el estado de salud de su familia en el nivel socioeconómico (NSE) bajo. La muestra estuvo formada por 30 familias con niños menores de 7 años: 15 consideradas "enfermas" (Grupo A) y 15 "sanas" (Grupo B). Ambos grupos eran similares en sus características demográficas (edad del padre y de la madre, nº de personas en el grupo familiar y edad de los hijos) y NSE. Los resultados mostraron que las madres eran principalmente las encargadas de la salud familiar. Las madres del Grupo A eran significativamente menos comprendidas y más insatisfechas que aquellas del Grupo B (p < .05 y p < .01). Las madres del Grupo A tenían mucho más discusiones con su pareja que aquellas del Grupo B (p < .006). Los cuidados de salud fueron menos aprendidos de sus madres que aquellas del Grupo B (p < .05). La salud fue considerada por las madres del Grupo A como algo "que se debe tomar en cuenta" mucho más que las del Grupo B (p < .01). Las conductas de las madres en la elección del sistema de salud a escoger fue similar en ambos grupos. La insatisfacción materna estuvo asociada más con las familias con miembros enfermos durante los seis meses de seguimiento. Sugerimos que la satisfacción de la madre es un factor que necesita ser más investigado, porque la salud es ampliamente manejada por las madres.<br>Foi realizado estudo prospectivo relacionando a satisfação da mãe com sua vida marital e o estado de saúde da família de nível socioeconômico baixo. A amostra estudada consistiu de 30 famílias com crianças menores de 7 anos: 15 consideradas "doentes" (grupo A) e 15 "sãs" (grupo B). Os dois grupos não diferiram em relação à idade dos pais, número de pessoas na família, idade das crianças e nível socioeconômico. Os resultados mostraram que as mães eram responsáveis pela saúde da família. As do grupo A eram significativamente menos compreendidas e eram menos satisfeitas que as do grupo B (p < 0,05 e p < 0,01). As mães do grupo A brigavam mais com seus parceiros (p < 0,006) do que as do grupo B. As crianças do grupo A aprendiam menos de suas mães quanto aos cuidados da saúde do que as do B. As mães do grupo A acreditavam que a saúde era "algo a ser levado em conta" mais do que no grupo B (p < 0,05 e p < 0,01). Ambos os grupos não diferiam em relação ao serviço de saúde a escolher. A insatisfação materna foi associada com famílias com crianças com patologia, durante os seis meses do seguimento. Sugere-se que a insatisfação materna é fator que necessita de maiores investigações, porque a saúde é amplamente controlada pelas mães

Islamic education and colonial secularism: the Amroha experiment of 1895–96

In September 1895, a boldly innovative trial was begun with the teaching of Islam in a British government school in the town of Amroha, near Delhi. This article returns to the Amroha experiment to consider what it reveals about Indian Muslim exchanges with European administrators on the subject of secular colonial education and, more broadly, to bring under scrutiny the historical engagement of Muslim parties with colonial secularism. By the final decade of the nineteenth century, European officials had joined a number of their Muslim subjects in rejecting the imparting of exclusively secular education in schools and colleges under the management of the colonial state. Arguing for the reconciliation of religious and secular instruction, Viqar-ul-Mulk and his contemporaries capitalized upon growing British anxieties about the moral deficiency of Indian students taught in state educational institutions, exposing colonial concerns over the likelihood of inculcating moral improvement in the absence of religious teaching. Challenging the official separation of religion and pedagogy, they raised the possibility of the accommodation of multiple faiths within the modern Indian nation and state. The Amroha experiment served as a precedent for elite Muslim attempts to found an Indian Muslim university in which Islamic instruction would be imparted. Viqar-ul-Mulk’s successful negotiations with the government inspired further efforts for the revitalization of religious education on the part of Muslim leaders concerned about the survival and strengthening of Islam under colonial rule

Hygiene habits and carriers in families with a child who has had typhoid fever Hábitos de higiene y portadores en familias que tuvieron un niño con fiebre tifoídea Hábitos de higiene e portadores em famílias que tiveram uma criança com febre tifóide

The relationship between asymptomatic shedding of bacterial enteropathogens and the hygiene habits of families who have had a child with typhoid fever (TF) are investigated. The sample was made up of 80 families: 40 families in which one child had had TF (Group A) and 40 in which no children or either of the parents had had a history of TF (Group B). In each group 20 families belonged to a low socieconomic status (SES) and 20 to a high SES. A structured interview was used to evaluate the SES and the hygiene habits of the child; observations were made to measure the hygiene habits of the family (toilet, kitchen and food preparation) and bacteriological studies (fecal samples and hand markers). Results show that carriers were more frequent in Group A than in Group B. The bacterial species found were significantly more numerous in Group A than in Group B (fecal samples: E. coli, the classic serotypes, Shigella ssp, and hand markers: E. coli). Families of Group A had higher carriage rates than those of Group B. Finally there exists a significantly higher association between inadequate hygiene habits and carrier families. These results show the need to teach specific habits of proper hygiene to the entire population, because the fact of belonging to the high SES does not in itself preclude inadequate hygiene habits.<br>El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar las relaciones entre la presencia de portadores de agentes bacteriales enteropatógenos y la calidad de los hábitos de higiene en familias que han tenido o no un niño con fiebre tifoídea (TF). La muestra estuvo formada por 80 familias: 40 en las que hubo un niño con FT (grupo A) y 40 en las que ni los niños y sus padres habían tenido una historia de FT (grupo B). En cada grupo 20 familias pertenecían al nivel socieconómico bajo (NSE) y 20 al NSE alto. Se usó una entrevista estructurada para evaluar el NSE, los hábitos de higiene del niño; observaciones estructuradas para medir los hábitos de higiene de la familia (baño, cocina y preparación de alimentos) y estudios bacteriológicos (muestras fecales y marcadores de mano). Los resultados señalan que los portadores fueron más frecuentes en el grupo A que en el B. Las especies bacterianas fueron significativamente más en el grupo A que en el B (muestras fecales: E. coli, serotipos clásicos, Shigella ssp, y marcadores de mano: E. coli). Las familias del grupo A tenían tasas más altas de portación que aquellas del grupo B. Finalmente existe una asociaión significativamente alta entre los hábitos inadecuados de higiene y las familias portadoras. Estos resultados muestran la necesidad de enseñar hábitos específicos de higiene adecuada a toda la población, porque el solo hecho de pertenecer al NSE alto no previene los hábitos de higiene inadecuados.<br>Objetivou-se estudar a relação entre qualidade dos hábitos de higiene e presença de portadores de agentes bacterianos enteropatogenos, em famílias que tiveram ou não, uma criança com febre tifóide (FT). A amostra esteve constituída por 80 famílias: 40 com a presença , em cada uma, de uma criança com FT (Grupo A) e 40 em que nem as crianças e seus pais nunca tiveram história de FT (Grupo B). Em cada grupo, 20 famílias pertenciam ao nível socioeconômico (NSE) baixo e 20 ao NSE alto. Para avaliar o NSE e os hábitos de higiene da criança foi utilizada entrevista estruturada; para medir os hábitos higiênicos da família (banho, cozinha e preparo dos alimentos) foram utilizadas observações estruturadas; e os estudos bacteriológicos foram realizados em amostras de fezes e marcadores de mão. Os resultados mostraram que no grupo A houve maior freqüência de portadores que no B. As espécies bacterianas foram significativamente mais freqüentes no Grupo A que no B (nas fezes: E. coli, serotipos clássicos, Shigella ssp; e em marcadores de mão: E. coli). As famílias do grupo A tiveram taxas altas de microorganismos que as do grupo B. Foi encontrada associação significativamente alta entre hábitos inadequados de higiene e as famílias portadoras. Os resultados mostraram a necessidade de ensinar hábitos específicos de higiene adequada a toda a população, pois somente o fato de pertencer ao NSE alto não previne os hábitos de higiene inadequados

Migration, Ethnonationalist Destinations and Social Divisions: Non-Jewish Immigrants in Israel

Immigrants in ethno-nationalist destinations encounter difficulties of integration particularly to the extent that they lack shared ethnicity with natives. But an analysis of non-Jewish immigrants in Israel shows that lacking shared ethnicity is by no means an insurmountable obstacle to integration, even in strongly ethno-nationalist destinations. Non-Jewish immigrants – even those who entered as migrant workers – have achieved a certain degree of membership in Israeli society. Moreover, their presence has exacerbated certain divisions among Jewish Israelis. Even in ethno-nationalist destinations, then, the immigration of non-co-ethnics does not result only/inevitably in divisions between immigrants and natives: it can also divide natives, while some immigrants and natives find a measure of common ground