Asymptomatic bacteriuria in type 2 Iranian diabetic women: a cross sectional study

BACKGROUND: The risk of developing infection in diabetic patients is higher and urinary tract is the most common site for infection. Serious complications of urinary infection occur more commonly in diabetic patients. To study the prevalence and associates of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Iranian population, this study was conducted. METHODS: Between February 10, 2004 and October 15, 2004; 202 nonpregnant diabetic (type 2) women (range: 31 to 78 years old) with no abnormalities of the urinary tract system were included in this clinic based study. We defined ASB as the presence of at least 10(5 )colony-forming units/ml of 1 or 2 bacterial species, in two separated cultures of clean-voided midstream urine. All the participants were free from any symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI). Associates for developing bacteriuria was assessed and compared in participants with and without bacteriuria. RESULTS: In this study, the prevalence of ASB was 10.9% among diabetic women. E. coli was the most prevalent microorganism responsible for positive urine culture. Most of the isolated microorganisms were resistant to Co-trimoxazole, Nalidixic acid and Ciprofloxacin. Pyuria (P < 0.001) and glucosuria (P < 0.05) had a meaningful relationship with bacteriuria but no association was evident between age (P < 0.45), duration of diabetes (P < 0.09), macroalbuminuria (P < 0.10) and HbA(1c )level (P < 0.75), and the presence of ASB. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ASB is higher in women with type 2 diabetes, for which pyuria and glucosuria can be considered as associates. Routine urine culture can be recommended for diabetic women even when there is no urinary symptom

T cell receptor [beta]-chain gene rearrangement without [gamma]-chain gene rearrangement in cutaneous T cell lymphoma: An unusual finding

T cells from the blood and skin of a patient with cutaneous T cell lymphoma demonstrated rearrangement of the T cell receptor [beta]-chain gene in the absence of rearrangement of the [gamma]-chain gene. To our knowledge, this has not been previously reported. This finding was unexpected in light of prevailing concepts of T cell ontogeny. Potential explanations for it are discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/28714/1/0000535.pd

Excess Risk of Dying From Infectious Causes in Those With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate infection-related mortality in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 1,108,982 individuals with diabetes who were registered with the Australian Diabetes register between 2000 and 2010 were linked to the National Death Index. Mortality outcomes were defined as infection-related(A-B) death (ICD codes A99-B99), pneumonia (J12-J189), septicemia (A40 and A41), and osteomyelitis (M86). RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 6.7 years, there were 2,891, 2,158, 1,248, and 147 deaths from infection-related(A-B) causes, pneumonia, septicemia, or osteomyelitis, respectively. Crude mortality rates from infections(A-B) were 0.147 and 0.431 per 1,000 person-years in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were higher in type 1 and type 2 diabetes for all outcomes after adjustment for age and sex. For infection-related(A-B) mortality, SMRs were 4.42 (95% CI 3.68-5.34) and 1.47 (1.42-1.53) for type 1 and type 2 diabetes (P &lt; 0.001), respectively. For pneumonia in type 1 diabetes, SMRs were approximately 5 and 6 in males and females, respectively, while the excess risk was ~20% for type 2 (both sexes). For septicemia, SMRs were approximately 10 and 2 for type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively, and similar by sex. For osteomyelitis in type 1 diabetes, SMRs were 16 and 58 in males and females, respectively, and ~3 for type 2 diabetes (both sexes). CONCLUSIONS: Although death owing to infection is rare, we confirm that patients with diabetes have an increased mortality from a range of infections, compared with the general population, and that the increased risk appears to be greater for type 1 than type 2 diabetes