Characterization of the Metabolic Phenotype of Rapamycin-Treated CD8+ T Cells with Augmented Ability to Generate Long-Lasting Memory Cells

Cellular metabolism plays a critical role in regulating T cell responses and the development of memory T cells with long-term protections. However, the metabolic phenotype of antigen-activated T cells that are responsible for the generation of long-lived memory cells has not been characterized.. than untreated control T cells. In contrast to that control T cells only increased glycolysis, rapamycin-treated T cells upregulated both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). These rapamycin-treated T cells had greater ability than control T cells to survive withdrawal of either glucose or growth factors. Inhibition of OXPHOS by oligomycin significantly reduced the ability of rapamycin-treated T cells to survive growth factor withdrawal. This effect of OXPHOS inhibition was accompanied with mitochondrial hyperpolarization and elevation of reactive oxygen species that are known to be toxic to cells.Our findings indicate that these rapamycin-treated T cells may represent a unique cell model for identifying nutrients and signals critical to regulating metabolism in both effector and memory T cells, and for the development of new methods to improve the efficacy of adoptive T cell cancer therapy

Per-Stream Jitter Analysis in CBR ATM Multiplexors

Constant Bit Rate (CBR) traffic is expected to be a major source of traffic in high-speed networks. Such sources may have stringent delay and loss requirements and in many cases, they should be delivered exactly as they were generated. A simple delay priority scheme will bound the cell delay and jitter for CBR streams, so that in the network switches, CBR traffic will only compete with other CBR traffic in the networks. In this paper, we will consider a multiplexor in such an environment. We provide an exact analysis of the jitter process in the homogeneous case. In this case, we obtain the complete characterization of the jitter process showing the inaccuracies of the existing results. Our results indicate that jitter variance is bounded and never exceeds the constant 2 3 slot. It is also shown that the per-stream successive cell inter-departures times are negatively correlated with the lag 1 correlation of \Gamma 1 2 . Higher order correlation coefficients are shown to be zero...

Control and Performance In Packet, Circuit, and ATM Networks

xii,339 hlm, Ilust :23 c

Information-Importance Based Communication for Large-Scale WSN Data Processing

International audienceGathering information in an energy-efficient and scalable manner from a wireless sensor network is always a basic need. In this work, we use the multi-agent approach in order to build an Information-Importance Based Communication for large scale wireless sensor network data processing. The principal goal of our proposition is to tackle the problem of network density and scalability in an energy efficient manner. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the efficiency of our proposition