Recognition of Marathi Newsprint Text Using Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm

Now a day there are many new methodologies required for the increasing needs in newly emerging areas, with this methodologies there are many techniques are present for the character recognition of handprint Devanagri, Bengali, Tamil, China etc. But very little research is for printed material. So in our project we propose the recognition of devnagari printed text using neural network and genetic algorithm. In India, more than 300 million people use Devanagari script for documentation. There has been a significant improvement in the research related to the recognition of printed as well as handwritten Devanagari text in the past few years.. All feature-extraction techniques as well as training, classification and matching techniques useful for the recognition are discussed in various sections of the paper. An attempt is made to address the most important results reported so far and it is also tried to highlight the beneficial directions of the research till date. Moreover, the paper also contains a comprehensive bibliography of many selected papers appeared in reputed journals and conference proceedings as an aid for the researchers working in the field of Devanagari printed text using neural network and genetic algorithm. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.160411

Measuring Transit Signal Recovery in the Kepler Pipeline II: Detection Efficiency as Calculated in One Year of Data

The Kepler planet sample can only be used to reconstruct the underlying planet occurrence rate if the detection efficiency of the Kepler pipeline is known, here we present the results of a second experiment aimed at characterising this detection efficiency. We inject simulated transiting planet signals into the pixel data of ~10,000 targets, spanning one year of observations, and process the pixels as normal. We compare the set of detections made by the pipeline with the expectation from the set of simulated planets, and construct a sensitivity curve of signal recovery as a function of the signal-to-noise of the simulated transit signal train. The sensitivity curve does not meet the hypothetical maximum detection efficiency, however it is not as pessimistic as some of the published estimates of the detection efficiency. For the FGK stars in our sample, the sensitivity curve is well fit by a gamma function with the coefficients a = 4.35 and b = 1.05. We also find that the pipeline algorithms recover the depths and periods of the injected signals with very high fidelity, especially for periods longer than 10 days. We perform a simplified occurrence rate calculation using the measured detection efficiency compared to previous assumptions of the detection efficiency found in the literature to demonstrate the systematic error introduced into the resulting occurrence rates. The discrepancies in the calculated occurrence rates may go some way towards reconciling some of the inconsistencies found in the literature.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, 1 electronic table, accepted by Ap

Structural characterization and photocatalytic properties of hydrothermally synthesized Ni2+-TiO2 nanoparticles for dye degradation under direct sunlight

A Ni2+-TiO2 photocatalyst, efficient and highly active in sunlight has been prepared by a simple hydrothermal method using titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) precursor. The synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) have been analysed to determine its structural, optical, morphological and compositional properties using X-ray diffraction, Raman, UV-DRS, photoluminescence, XPS, TEM and EDS. The EDS micrograph confirms the existence of Ni2+ atoms (0.65, 1.32 and 1.60 wt.%) in the TiO2 matrix. The average particle size obtained from TEM is 8-11 nm and is in good agreement with XRD results. Raman bands at 641.44 cm-1, 517.42 cm-1 and 398.43 cm-1 further confirm pure phase anatase in all samples. XPS shows the substitution of Ti4+ ions by Ni2+ ions in the TiO2 host lattice. The photocatalytic activity of these nanoparticles have been studied using malachite green dye under UV light, visible light and direct sunlight. The crystallite size and band gap decreases with increase in Ni2+ concentration which increase its catalytic activity under sunlight. The photocatalyst, Ni2+-TiO2 (1.60 wt.%), shows excellent photocatalytic activity in the visible and direct sunlight and hence it is a promising for environmental friendly photocatalytic applications

Effect of third component on separation behavior of water+t-butanol+Na2SO3/Na2SO4 system at 298±2 K

The liquid-liquid and liquid-liquid-solid equilibria for the ternary t-butanol-water-Na2SO3/Na2SO4 system is reported at ambient pressure and at 298±2 K. The solubility data of solutions of Na2SO3/Na2SO4 in water, t-butanol and solutions of varying compositions of t-butanol in water are reported. The phase diagrams for the studied systems are developed and salting-out effect of salt anion has been described. The structural properties of aqueous t-butanol solutions and the salting-out effect of SO32- and SO42- ions to cause phase separation have been explained. The salting-out ability of Na2SO3 is higher than that of Na2SO4 since the Gibbs free energy of hydration (ΔGhyd) of SO42- (−1080 kJ mol-1) is lower than that of SO32- (−1295 kJ mol-1) ion

Detection of Potential Transit Signals in Sixteen Quarters of Kepler Mission Data

We present the results of a search for potential transit signals in four years of photometry data acquired by the Kepler Mission. The targets of the search include 111,800 stars which were observed for the entire interval and 85,522 stars which were observed for a subset of the interval. We found that 9,743 targets contained at least one signal consistent with the signature of a transiting or eclipsing object, where the criteria for detection are periodicity of the detected transits, adequate signal-to-noise ratio, and acceptance by a number of tests which reject false positive detections. When targets that had produced a signal were searched repeatedly, an additional 6,542 signals were detected on 3,223 target stars, for a total of 16,285 potential detections. Comparison of the set of detected signals with a set of known and vetted transit events in the Kepler field of view shows that the recovery rate for these signals is 96.9%. The ensemble properties of the detected signals are reviewed.Comment: Accepted by ApJ Supplemen

Planetary Candidates Observed by Kepler. VII. The First Fully Uniform Catalog Based on The Entire 48 Month Dataset (Q1-Q17 DR24)

We present the seventh Kepler planet candidate catalog, which is the first to be based on the entire, uniformly processed, 48 month Kepler dataset. This is the first fully automated catalog, employing robotic vetting procedures to uniformly evaluate every periodic signal detected by the Q1-Q17 Data Release 24 (DR24) Kepler pipeline. While we prioritize uniform vetting over the absolute correctness of individual objects, we find that our robotic vetting is overall comparable to, and in most cases is superior to, the human vetting procedures employed by past catalogs. This catalog is the first to utilize artificial transit injection to evaluate the performance of our vetting procedures and quantify potential biases, which are essential for accurate computation of planetary occurrence rates. With respect to the cumulative Kepler Object of Interest (KOI) catalog, we designate 1,478 new KOIs, of which 402 are dispositioned as planet candidates (PCs). Also, 237 KOIs dispositioned as false positives (FPs) in previous Kepler catalogs have their disposition changed to PC and 118 PCs have their disposition changed to FP. This brings the total number of known KOIs to 8,826 and PCs to 4,696. We compare the Q1-Q17 DR24 KOI catalog to previous KOI catalogs, as well as ancillary Kepler catalogs, finding good agreement between them. We highlight new PCs that are both potentially rocky and potentially in the habitable zone of their host stars, many of which orbit solar-type stars. This work represents significant progress in accurately determining the fraction of Earth-size planets in the habitable zone of Sun-like stars. The full catalog is publicly available at the NASA Exoplanet Archive.Comment: Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 30 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables. We make the DR24 robovetter decision code publicly available at http://github.com/JeffLCoughlin/robovetter, with input and output examples provided using the same data as contained in the full paper's table