Global monopole as dual-vacuum solution in Kaluza-Klein spacetime

By application of the duality transformation, which implies interchange of active and passive electric parts of the Riemann curvature (equivalent to interchange of Ricci and Einstein tensors) it is shown that the global monopole solution in the Kaluza-Klein spacetime is dual to the corresponding vacuum solution. Further we also obtain solution dual to flat space which would in general describe a massive global monopole in 4-dimensional Euclidean space and would have massless limit analogus to the 4-dimensional dual-flat solution.Comment: 8 pages, LaTEX versio

ANALYZING TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INTERRELATIONSHIPS IN HAWAII'S LONGLINE FISHERY

This paper provides an analysis of technical and economic interrelationships among species harvested in Hawaii's pelagic longline fishery. The results indicate that this multispecies fishery is characterized by a joint production process, meaning that the regulation of one species would affect the harvest of other species. It implies that a single species regulation may not be appropriate in managing the longline fishery. Estimates of own-price output supply elasticities suggest that fisher's decisions on the amounts of each species harvested are independent of own expected prices. However, as evidenced by the estimates of cross-price elasticities, there are a number of significant technical-economic interactions among species. Failing to reject the null hypothesis of input-output separability suggests that management of the entire fishery as a whole by partial area/seasonal closure or by a 'limited entry' system as in the past is justified instead of regulating a few key species.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Sickle cell disease status among school adolescents and their tribal community in South Gujarat

Objectives: to create awareness, to screen samples of school adolescents and then to reach their community through them by doing surveillance for sickle cell disease. Design: Field based cross-sectional study. Settings: St Xavier`s high school and Vanraj high school of Umarpada taluka of Surat district. Subjects: School adolescents, their parents and friends. Method: After taking permission from school authority, blood samples of 948 school adolescents were taken for DTT test and then for electrophoresis. Blood samples of motivated parents and friends of those adolescents found positive for DTT was taken in subsequent visit and results were communicated to them. Results: Blood samples of 948 school adolescents, out of 1081 were tested for DTT test. It was positive in 242 samples, giving a prevalence of 25.5% for sickle cell disease. On subjecting the positive blood samples to electrophoresis, the proportion of sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease was found to be 92% and 8% respectively. Then electrophoresis was done in 64 parents and friends, 24 (37.5%) of them were found positive of which, 14 (58%) were having sickle cell trait and 10 (42%) having sickle cell disease. Conclusion: approaching community can be possible through school adolescents for conduction of surveillance of sickle cell anemi

Effects of osmotic and matric potential on radial growth and accumulation of endogenous reserves in three isolates of Pochonia chlamydosporia

For the first time, the effects of varying osmotic and matric potential on fungal radial growth and accumulation of polyols were studied in three isolates of Pochonia chlamydosporia. Fungal radial growth was measured on potato dextrose agar modified osmotically using potassium chloride or glycerol. PEG 8000 was used to modify matric potential. When plotted, the radii of the colonies were found to grow linearly with time, and regression was applied to estimate the radial growth rate (mm day-1). Samples of fresh mycelia from 25-day-old cultures were collected and the quantity (mg g-1 fresh biomass) of four polyols (glycerol, erythritol, arabitol and mannitol) and one sugar (glucose) was determined using HPLC. Results revealed that fungal radial growth rates decreased with increased osmotic or matric stress. Statistically significant differences in radial growth were found between isolates in response to matric stress (P<0.006) but not in response to osmotic stress (P=0.759). Similarly, differences in the total amounts of polyols accumulated by the fungus were found between isolates in response to matric stress (P<0.001), but not in response to osmotic stress (P=0.952). Under water stress, the fungus accumulated a combination of different polyols important in osmoregulation, which depended on the solute used to generate the stress. Arabitol and glycerol were the main polyols accumulated in osmotically modified media, whereas erythritol was the main polyol that was accumulated in media amended with PEG. The results found that Pochonia chlamydosporia may use different osmoregulation mechanisms to overcome osmotic and matric stresses

A Nonlinear Dynamical Model to Study the Removal of Gaseous and Particulate Pollutants in a Rain System

An ecological type nonlinear mathematical model is proposed to study&nbsp;the removal of gaseous pollutants and two distinct particulate matters by precipitation&nbsp;scavenging in the atmosphere. The atmosphere during precipitation consists of five&nbsp;interacting phases namely the raindrops phase, the gaseous pollutants phase, the smaller&nbsp;particulate matters phase, the larger particulate matters phase and the absorbed phase of gaseous pollutants. We assume that gaseous pollutants are removed from the atmosphere&nbsp;by the processes of impaction as well as by absorption while particulate matters are&nbsp;assumed to be removed by impaction process. The model is analyzed using stability&nbsp;theory of nonlinear differential equations. It is shown that, under appropriate conditions,&nbsp;the pollutants can be removed from the atmosphere and their removal rates would depend&nbsp;mainly upon the rates of emission of pollutants, rate of rain drops formation and the rate of raindrops falling on the ground. If the rate of precipitation is very high, all the&nbsp;pollutants (gaseous as well as particulate matters) would be removed completely from&nbsp;the atmosphere. A numerical study is also performed to study the dynamics of the model&nbsp;system. The results are found to be in line with the experimental observations published&nbsp;in the literature