Enhanced modeling features within TREETOPS

The original motivation for TREETOPS was to build a generic multi-body simulation and remove the burden of writing multi-body equations from the engineers. The motivation of the enhancement was twofold: (1) to extend the menu of built-in features (sensors, actuators, constraints, etc.) that did not require user code; and (2) to extend the control system design capabilities by linking with other government funded software (NASTRAN and MATLAB). These enhancements also serve to bridge the gap between structures and control groups. It is common on large space programs for the structures groups to build hi-fidelity models of the structure using NASTRAN and for the controls group to build lower order models because they lack the tools to incorporate the former into their analysis. Now the controls engineers can accept the hi-fidelity NASTRAN models into TREETOPS, add sensors and actuators, perform model reduction and couple the result directly into MATLAB to perform their design. The controller can then be imported directly into TREETOPS for non-linear, time-history simulation

Coverage and Connectivity Aware Neural Network Based Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

There are many challenges when designing and deploying wireless sensor networks (WSNs). One of the key challenges is how to make full use of the limited energy to prolong the lifetime of the network, because energy is a valuable resource in WSNs. The status of energy consumption should be continuously monitored after network deployment. In this paper, we propose coverage and connectivity aware neural network based energy efficient routing in WSN with the objective of maximizing the network lifetime. In the proposed scheme, the problem is formulated as linear programming (LP) with coverage and connectivity aware constraints. Cluster head selection is proposed using adaptive learning in neural networks followed by coverage and connectivity aware routing with data transmission. The proposed scheme is compared with existing schemes with respect to the parameters such as number of alive nodes, packet delivery fraction, and node residual energy. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can be used in wide area of applications in WSNs.Comment: 16 Pages, JGraph-Hoc Journa

A Review on Characterization of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composite

Fibre reinforced polymer composite are well recognized materials for automobile, aerospace, packaging and construction industries due to its properties such as light weight, low cost and high specific strength. Hybridization of fibres has become very popular technique to increase the properties of single fibre reinforced polymer composite. This paper presents review  on mechanical properties, thermal properties, water absorption properties, dynamic mechanical analysis and tribological behaviour of hybrid fibre reinforced polymer composite. Finding of this study shows that hybridization can improved mechanical, thermal and dynamic mechanical property, and decrease water absorption property and wear rate

Influence of Concentrations of Alkali Treatment on Mechanical and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Hemp/Polyester Composite

In present work, hemp fibres were subjected to alkali treatments at various concentrations (5, 10 15 wt.%) to prepare its polyester based composites.  Hemp fibre reinforced polyester composites were prepared by hand lay-up technique followed by static compression keeping constant 25 wt.% of fibres content in order to study influence of alkali treatment concentrations on its mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties. Mechanical properties of prepared composites were  studied in terms of tensile strength and modulus, and flexural strength and modulus whereas dynamic mechanical properties were studied in terms of storage modulus (), damping (), glass transition temperature (Tg) and effectiveness constant of reinforcement ().  The results indicated that mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties were found to increase  due to alkali treatment up to 5%  concentration and then decrease.

A case of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome with spontaneous hemoperitoneum

We report a case of complicated severe OHSS that developed spontaneous hemoperitoneum. This was a potentially fatal complication of pharmacological stimulation of ovary in assisted reproduction. Here the life was saved, oophorectomy was prevented and fertility preserved by timely diagnosis and conservative surgery

Effect of Sisal Fibre Loading on Wear and Friction Properties of Jute Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composite

This paper presents an experimental study on wear and frictional properties of developed hybrid sisal/jute fibre reinforced epoxy composite. Composite are fabricated by hand lay-up technique keeping constant 30 wt. % of fibre content. Wear and frictional properties of hybrid composite is carried out at different operating parameters such as applied load (10-30 N), sliding speed (1-3m/s) and constant sliding distance 1000 m. Alkali treatment of fibres is used to increase the percentage reduction of wear rate and friction coefficient.  The experimental results show that increase in specific wear rate and coefficient of friction is found on increasing the applied load and sliding speed.

On The Center Sets and Center Numbers of Some Graph Classes

For a set $S$ of vertices and the vertex $v$ in a connected graph $G$, $\displaystyle\max_{x \in S}d(x,v)$ is called the $S$-eccentricity of $v$ in $G$. The set of vertices with minimum $S$-eccentricity is called the $S$-center of $G$. Any set $A$ of vertices of $G$ such that $A$ is an $S$-center for some set $S$ of vertices of $G$ is called a center set. We identify the center sets of certain classes of graphs namely, Block graphs, $K_{m,n}$, $K_n-e$, wheel graphs, odd cycles and symmetric even graphs and enumerate them for many of these graph classes. We also introduce the concept of center number which is defined as the number of distinct center sets of a graph and determine the center number of some graph classes

A Study on Clinical, Functional and Radiological outcome of High Velocity Tibial Plateau fractures managed by dual plating

BACKGROUND: Dual plating in comminuted bi-condylar tibial plateau fractures remains controversial. More methods of treatment have been described, each has got its own merits and demerits. We performed a prospective study to evaluate the Clinical , functional and Radiological outcome of lateral and medial plate fixation of Schatzker type V and VI fractures through an anterolateral approach, and a posteromedial approach. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We treated 21 high velocity tibial plateau fractures ( Schatzker type V and VI ) with lateral and medial plates through an anterolateral approach and a posteromedial approach over 2 years period . Radiographs in two planes were taken in all cases. Immediate postoperative radiographs were assessed for quality of reduction and fixation. The outcome was evaluated according to the Honkonen Jarvinen criteria on follow up. RESULTS: The incidence of male was more compared to females in the ratio - 3.2 : 1. The nature of injury is high velocity injury as it is explained by all patient sustaining road traffic accident .None had sustained injury as a result of trivial trauma as occurs in elderly with osteoporotic bone.The incidence of fracture in right side was 42.9 % and in left side was 57.1 % which nearly equal.Among 21 cases, the incidence of fracture in age group 40 -50 was 52.4 %.Of 21 fractures , 7 patients ( 33.3 % ) had Type V fracture and 14 patients ( 66.7 %) had Type VI fracture.There were no associated injury in all patients .All patients underwent standard surgical procedure by anterolateral & posteromedial approach .Lateral locking plates were used for lateral plateau and T/L Buttress, Semi tubular, Recon plates were used for medial plateau.Bone Grafting was used for 9 patients ( 42.9%) to fill metaphy seal defect.Time required for union ranged from 11 to 16 weeks with average being 12.9 weeks. CONCLUSION: High velocity tibial plateau fracture have excellent to good clinical, functional and radiological outcome . Early mobilisation of the joint provides good range of motion . Posteromedial plating provides a buttress to posteromedial fragment and thereby prevents varus collapse.The patients with good soft tissue cover should undergo anatomical reduction and rigid fixation immediately without deferring time. This is a short term study and need follow up to predict the further outcome