Comparative evaluation of bioactive glass bone graft material with platelet rich fibrin and bioactive glass bone graft material alone for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects: a clinical and radiographic study

Background: The primary goal of periodontal therapy is to arrest the progression of periodontal disease and maintain the natural dentition in health and comfortable function. Growth factors that seem to play an important role in periodontal and bone wound healing are PDGF, IGF combined with PDGF and TGF-ß. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) seems to be an appropriate and economical method to obtain these growth factors. The cell type-specific actions of PRF may be beneficial for periodontal regeneration. The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes obtained by a combination of bioactive glass with PRF and bioactive glass alone in treatment of periodontal intrabony defects.Methods: The present study was carried out in Rajnandgaon city (C.G.) India, during study period May 2013 to October 2014.  After initial examination, the following recording was made using Plaque index and Gingival index. Preparation of PRF was done by Choukroun criteria. Surgical procedure was performed. Post-surgical findings were noted. Student t test (Paired and unpaired) were applied with value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant for interpretation of finding.Results: The mean probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level and bone level for the Test group at baseline were 7.45mm with S.D±1.38, 9.9.mm with S.D±1.32 at 3 month and 6.45 mm with S.D±1.53 mm at 6 month. (Significant p<0.0001) Similar significant findings were also noted in control group.Conclusions: The study showed significant improvements in clinical and the radiographic parameters in each group.

Singularity in Gravitational Collapse of Plane Symmetric Charged Vaidya Spacetime

We study the final outcome of gravitational collapse resulting from the plane symmetric charged Vaidya spacetime. Using the field equations, we show that the weak energy condition is always satisfied by collapsing fluid. It is found that the singularity formed is naked. The strength of singularity is also investigated by using Nolan's method. This turns out to be a strong curvature singularity in Tipler's sense and hence provides a counter example to the cosmic censorship hypothesis.Comment: 8 pages, accepted for publication in Mod. Phys. Lett

Seasonal variation in phytoplankton of Tadoba lake, Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve (TATR), Distt. Chandrapur (MS), India

Tadoba lake is the major lake in Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reservoir (TATR) in the Chandrapur district, in eastern Maharashtra which represent a unique habitat for wildlife in central India and oldest National Park of the state. The lake is free from human activities. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the population of planktonic algae of the lake from June-2006 to May-2007. The study of phytoplanktonic diversity revealed the presence of 35 species belonging to four major groups, Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Myxophyceae and Euglenophyceae among which Bacillariophyceae was dominant. The rich floral diversity indicates high productive nature of pond

Singularities and Topology of Meromorphic Functions

We present several aspects of the "topology of meromorphic functions", which we conceive as a general theory which includes the topology of holomorphic functions, the topology of pencils on quasi-projective spaces and the topology of polynomial functions.Comment: 21 pages, 1 figur

Forecasting household packaging waste generation : a case study

Nowadays, house packaging waste (HPW) materials acquired a great deal of importance, due to environmental and economic reasons, and therefore waste collection companies place thousands of collection points (ecopontos) for people to deposit their HPW. In order to optimize HPW collection process, accurate forecasts of the waste generation rates are needed. Our objective is to develop forecasting models to predict the number of collections per year required for each ecoponto by evaluating the relevance of ten proposed explanatory factors for HPW generation. We developed models based on two approaches: multiple linear regression and artificial neural networks (ANN).The results obtained show that the best ANN model, which achieved an R 2 of 0.672 and MAD of 9.1, slightly outperforms the best regression model (R 2 of 0.636, MAD of 10.44). The most important factors to estimate HPW generation rates are related to ecoponto characteristics and to the population and economic activities around each ecoponto location.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

A priori estimates for the Hill and Dirac operators

Consider the Hill operator $Ty=-y''+q'(t)y$ in $L^2(\R)$, where $q\in L^2(0,1)$ is a 1-periodic real potential. The spectrum of $T$ is is absolutely continuous and consists of bands separated by gaps \g_n,n\ge 1 with length |\g_n|\ge 0. We obtain a priori estimates of the gap lengths, effective masses, action variables for the KDV. For example, if \m_n^\pm are the effective masses associated with the gap \g_n=(\l_n^-,\l_n^+), then |\m_n^-+\m_n^+|\le C|\g_n|^2n^{-4} for some constant $C=C(q)$ and any $n\ge 1$. In order prove these results we use the analysis of a conformal mapping corresponding to quasimomentum of the Hill operator. That makes possible to reformulate the problems for the differential operator as the problems of the conformal mapping theory. Then the proof is based on the analysis of the conformal mapping and the identities. Moreover, we obtain the similar estimates for the Dirac operator

Charge Delocalization in Self-Assembled Mixed-Valence Aromatic Cation Radicals

The spontaneous assembly of aromatic cation radicals (D+•) with their neutral counterpart (D) affords dimer cation radicals (D2+•). The intermolecular dimeric cation radicals are readily characterized by the appearance of an intervalence charge-resonance transition in the NIR region of their electronic spectra and by ESR spectroscopy. The X-ray crystal structure analysis and DFT calculations of a representative dimer cation radical (i.e., the octamethylbiphenylene dimer cation radical) have established that a hole (or single positive charge) is completely delocalized over both aromatic moieties. The energetics and the geometrical considerations for the formation of dimer cation radicals is deliberated with the aid of a series of cyclophane-like bichromophoric donors with drastically varied interplanar angles between the cofacially arranged aryl moieties. X-ray crystallography of a number of mixed-valence cation radicals derived from monochromophoric benzenoid donors established that they generally assemble in 1D stacks in the solid state. However, the use of polychromophoric intervalence cation radicals, where a single charge is effectively delocalized among all of the chromophores, can lead to higher-order assemblies with potential applications in long-range charge transport. As a proof of concept, we show that a single charge in the cation radical of a triptycene derivative is evenly distributed on all three benzenoid rings and this triptycene cation radical forms a 2D electronically coupled assembly, as established by X-ray crystallography

Estimation of Inbreeding Coefficients Using Pedigree and Microsatellite Markers and Its Effects on Economic Traits of Shirvan Kordi Sheep

INTRODUCTION Intensive selection within a single population of finite size reduces the genetic variability and increases the rate of inbreeding KEY WORDS Research Article Estimation of Inbreeding Coefficients in Shirvan Kordi Sheep In the overdominance hypothesis, inbreeding depression is attributable to higher fitness of heterozygotes for the loci in question. For the partial recessive hypothesis, negative fitness consequences are due to the fixation of recessive or partially recessive deleterious alleles Microsatellites has been widely used as reliable molecular markers to study the genetic relationship of different populations and for indirect measures of inbreeding. They are codominant, highly polymorphic, highly abundant, heritable, locus specific, and easily analyzed and therefore suitable for studies on population phylogenesis constitution This study was carried out using microsatellite markers because they are powerful tools for tracking alleles through a population and to estimate genetic variability and inbreeding Marker data collected provides information on population structure, relatedness and inbreeding MATERIALS AND METHODS Data Pedigree information from 1989 to 2009 of a flock of Kordi sheep maintained at Shirvan Sheep Breeding Station was used. Pedigree file contained information on individual identification number, sex, type of birth, dam and sire as well as birth date and included 7170 registered animals (3332 males and 3838 females), progeny of177 sires and 2182 dams. Pedigree analysis Inbreeding coefficients of the animals were computed using the CFC program Microsatellite method Blood samples (5 mL) of 100 animals were collected from the jugular vein and transferred into vacutainer tubes containing 0.5 molar EDTA as anticoagulant and frozen at -20 ˚C. Total DNA was isolated from blood samples using the Diatom DNA Kit, according to the manufacturer instructions. The quantity and quality of the isolated DNA was determined using both spectrophotometry and by 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis. Characteristics of the microsatellite markers used in this study are listed in Approximately, 100 ng DNA (adjusted concentration) was used as template for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR reaction cycle was carried out in a the rmocycler (Biorad) by denaturation at 95 ˚C for 4 min, denaturation at 95 ˚C for 45 sec, primer annealing for 45 sec at the desired temperature (55-60 ˚C) and an extension for 1 min at 72 ˚C, repeating the cycle 35 times. The final extension step was at 72 ˚C for 4 min. The PCR amplification was conducted in a 12 μL volume. PCR products were analyzed by vertical electrophoresis in 6% non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel (170 V, 3-4 h) and bands visualized by rapid silver staining Molecular data analysis Molecular data were analysed using the POPGENE V1.32 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Pedigree analysis The analysis of pedigree revealed that mean level of inbreeding (F) of all animals acrossall years (1989-2009) was 0.668%. Moreover, the minimum and maximum coefficientsof inbreeding for the animals in the flock was 0 and 31.25%, respectively. The low average coefficient of inbreeding could be ascribed to breeding strategies at the station for preventing mating of relatives. Totally, 23.26% of the animals (1668 out of 7170) were inbred with a mean inbreeding coefficient of 2.87%. In the pedigree, 3332 and 3838 of the animals were males and females with mean inbreeding coefficients of 0.693% and 0.646%, respectively. Out of all, 1668 animals were inbred. These included 823 males and 845 females having average inbreeding coefficient of 2.81% and 2.93%, respectively. These results indicated that fewmatings of close relatives have occurred. Descriptive statistics for inbreeding coefficients for the entire population and the inbred portion of the population are shown in 135 Estimation of Inbreeding Coefficients in Shirvan Kordi Sheep Mean of all traits decreased and increased irregularly by increasing inbreeding coefficients. This could be due to fewer records in the numerically higher classes of inbreeding. Inbreeding depression Details of the data used for the estimation of inbreeding depression are given in Regression coefficients and their standard errors on inbreeding coefficients were -0.0013 ± 0.0003 kg for BWT, 0.080 ± 0.015 kg for WWT, 0.001 ± 0.0009 kg for BW6M, -0.065 ± 0.055 kg for BW9M, -0.092 ± 0.063 kg for BW12M, 0.008 ± 0.0066kg for Wool and -0.023 ± 0.012 lambs for LS. Pre-weaning growth traits BWT: birth weight trait; WWT: weaning weight trait; BW6M: body weight at 6 months of age trait; BW9W: body weight at 9 months of age trait; BW12M: body weight at 12 months of age trait; Wool: wool produced annually and LS: number of lambs per ewe lambing. Changes for every one percent increase in inbreeding coefficient for BWT and WWT were -0.0131 and 0.0795 kg, respectively. Regression coefficient estimate for BWT Regression coefficients for BW in the 9 th and 12 th month were more than all the other studied traits. Estimates of -0.0653 and -0.0921 kg per 1% increase in inbreeding coefficient for BW in 9 th month and BW in 12 th month, were more than the values reported in other studies. Annual wool production and number of lambs per ewe lambing The effect of inbreeding on wool produced annually and the number of lambs per ewe lambing amounted to 0.0083 kg and -0.023 lambs, respectively. For the annual wool production, the linear effect of individual inbreeding, regression was positive but non-significant. On the average, an increase in 1 percent in individual inbreeding increased the wool produced annually by 0.0083 kg. A review b

Scalar-field Pressure in Induced Gravity with Higgs Potential and Dark Matter

A model of induced gravity with a Higgs potential is investigated in detail in view of the pressure components related to the scalar-field excitations. The physical consequences emerging as an artifact due to the presence of these pressure terms are analysed in terms of the constraints parting from energy density, solar-relativistic effects and galactic dynamics along with the dark matter halos.Comment: 26 pages, 3 figures, Minor revision, Published in JHE